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Hajiradkouchak, E., Nasrollahzadeh Saravi, H., Fazli, H., Rahnama, B., Khoshnamvand, M.. (1405). Long-term temporal variability of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature in the southern Caspian Sea using MODIS satellite observations (2002–2020). سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 25(6), 967-981. doi: 10.22092/ijfs.2026.136428
E. Hajiradkouchak; H. Nasrollahzadeh Saravi; H. Fazli; B. Rahnama; M. Khoshnamvand. "Long-term temporal variability of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature in the southern Caspian Sea using MODIS satellite observations (2002–2020)". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 25, 6, 1405, 967-981. doi: 10.22092/ijfs.2026.136428
Hajiradkouchak, E., Nasrollahzadeh Saravi, H., Fazli, H., Rahnama, B., Khoshnamvand, M.. (1405). 'Long-term temporal variability of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature in the southern Caspian Sea using MODIS satellite observations (2002–2020)', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 25(6), pp. 967-981. doi: 10.22092/ijfs.2026.136428
Hajiradkouchak, E., Nasrollahzadeh Saravi, H., Fazli, H., Rahnama, B., Khoshnamvand, M.. Long-term temporal variability of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature in the southern Caspian Sea using MODIS satellite observations (2002–2020). سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1405; 25(6): 967-981. doi: 10.22092/ijfs.2026.136428

Long-term temporal variability of chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature in the southern Caspian Sea using MODIS satellite observations (2002–2020)

Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences
دوره 25، شماره 6، بهمن 2026، صفحه 967-981    اصل مقاله (654.87 K)
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfs.2026.136428
نویسندگان
E. Hajiradkouchak* ؛ H. Nasrollahzadeh Saravi* ؛ H. Fazli؛ B. Rahnama؛ M. Khoshnamvand
Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sari, Iran
چکیده
Sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) are important indicators of climatic variability and phytoplankton biomass. This study investigated temporal trends in SST and Chl-a and their relationship in the southern Caspian Sea at monthly and seasonal scales during 2002–2020. MODIS-Aqua and MODIS-Terra satellite data were used to construct long-term time series following standard image preprocessing, atmospheric correction, and retrieval using Multi‑Channel SST (MCSST) for SST and OC3M for Chl-a. Seasonal trends were assessed using the Mann–Kendall test, while the Pettitt’s test was applied to identify abrupt changes. Linear regression was used to examine the relationship between SST and Chl-a. Chl-a showed a significant increasing trend, with mean concentrations rising from 2.95 mg m⁻³ in 2002 to 4.52 mg m⁻³ in 2020. In contrast, mean SST increased slightly from 15.1°C to 16.1°C, but no significant monotonic trend was detected. The Pettitt’s test identified a significant change point in Chl-a around mid-2006. Regression analysis indicated a moderate positive relationship between SST and Chl-a, with SST explaining 57.5% of the observed variability (R²=0.575, p<0.05). The increasing Chl-a trend despite the absence of a significant SST trend suggests that factors beyond temperature, including nutrient inputs and river discharge, may contribute to phytoplankton variability. Overall, the findings highlight the value of long-term satellite observations for monitoring ecological changes in the southern Caspian Sea ecosystem.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Caspian Sea؛ Chl-a؛ Sea surface temperature؛ Remote sensing؛ Time series analysis؛ Phytoplankton biomass
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