| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,168 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,197 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,932,547 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,938,097 |
انتقال فناوری از دانشگاه به صنعت در زیست بوم کارآفرینانه دانشگاهی برای شرایط نظام آموزش عالی کشاورزی | ||
| پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 12، شماره 54، آذر 1399، صفحه 86-105 اصل مقاله (366.11 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaear.2020.124302 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید موحد محمدی* 1؛ فاطمه اسکوهی2؛ امیر علم بیگی3؛ محمد رضا پارسا نژاد4؛ احمد رضوانفر1 | ||
| 1استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری آموزش کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 4استادیار گروه مدیریت علم و فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت، اقتصاد و مهندسی پیشرفت، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| انتقال فناوری از دانشگاه به صنعت با ماهیت تجاری سازی یافته های پژوهش های دانشگاهی به عنوان یک راهبرد توسعه اقتصادی مطرح است و بر پیوند هم افزای علم، فناوری و بهره برداری از آن ها استوار است. استفاده ی صحیح از فناوری و انتقال مؤثر آن از دانشگاه به صنعت در زیست بوم کارآفرینانه دانشگاهی، می تواند سبب افزایش بهره وری، استفاده بهینه از منابع، افزایش تنوع تولیدات، کاهش هزینه های تولید از طریق افزایش نوآوری و خلاقیت در انجام امور و افزایش توان رقابتی شود و امکانات و منابع مالی بیشتری را در اختیار پژوهشگران دانشگاهی قرار داده و فرآیند انتقال فناوری را بهبود بخشد. در این مطالعه با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA10 فرآیند کدگذاری صورت گرفت و مقوله های اصلی و فرعی استخراج شدند. سپس وظایف و کارکردهای مشترک و دارای اهمیت بیشتر از میان پژوهش ها گزینش شد. در مجموع، 24 وظیفه و کارکرد برای دفاتر و مراکز انتقال فناوری در قالب پنج وظیفه اصلی شامل: ثبت و مدیریت مالکیت فکری، توانمندسازی پژوهشگران، شبکه سازی و ارتباط با جامعه، ترویج و جامعه نگری، امکان سنجی و خدمات مالی شناسایی شدند. این تعامل، سبب شناخت نیازهای صنعت، انطباق مباحث درسی و پژوهش ها با نیازهای صنعت، ایجاد دوره های کارآموزی برای دانشجویان، شناسایی توانایی ها و ایده های برتر و در نهایت، افزایش انگیزه و توانایی ایجاد کسب وکار جدید در دانشجویان و عدم وابستگی آن ها به کارهای دولتی می شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| زیست بوم کارآفرینانه دانشگاهی؛ انتقال فناوری؛ دفاتر انتقال فناوری؛ آموزش کشاورزی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Technology Transfer from University to Industry in University-based Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Agricultural Higher Education System | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hamid Movahed Mohammadi1؛ fatemeh Oskohi2؛ amir ALAMBEIGI3؛ Mohammadreza Parsanejad4؛ Ahmad Rezvanfar1 | ||
| 1Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran | ||
| 2PhD. Candidate, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Economics and Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Technology Transfer from university to industry with the nature of commercialization of academic research findings is considered as an economic development strategy and it is based on the synergistic connection of science, technology and their exploitation. Proper use of technology and its effective transfer from university to industry in the context of university entrepreneurial ecosystem, can increase productivity, efficient use of resources, increase product diversity, reduce production costs by increasing innovation and creativity in doing things and increase capacity be competitive and provide more facilities and financial resources to academic researchers and improve the technology transfer process. In this study, the coding process was performed using MAXQDA10 software and the main and sub-categories were extracted. Then, common and more important tasks and functions were selected from among the researches. In total, 24 tasks and functions were identified for offices and Technology Transfer centers in the form of five main tasks including: registration and management of intellectual property, empowerment of researchers, networking and communication with the community, promotion and sociability and feasibility and financial services. This interaction leads to recognizing the needs of industry, adapting courses and research to the needs of industry, creating internships for students, identifying superior abilities and ideas, finally, increasing the motivation and ability to create new business in students and their independence to government affairs. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| University-based Entrepreneurial Ecosystem, Technology Transfer, Technology Transfer Offices, Agricultural Education | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-پور عزت، ع.ا، قلیپور، آ. و ندیرخانلو، س.(1389). شناسایی و اولویتبندی عوامل تاثیرگذار در تجاریسازی دانش در دانشگاهها. توسعه و کارآفرینی. سال2. شماره7. -شفیعزاده، ح.، محسنی، ه.س.(1391). نقش دفاتر انتقال فناوری و دانشگاهها در تجاریسازی دانش. نشریه صنعت و دانشگاه. جلد5،. ص 17-26. -نقیزاده، م.(1395). دفاتر مالکیت فکری. کارکردها و وظایف. کانون پتنت ایران. -هرندی، ع. ا. ح.، والمحمدی، چ.، نظافتی، ن.(1398). شناسایی روابط دینامیکی سرمایه فکری مراکز دانش بنیان، دومین کنفرانس ملی انجمن ایرانی پویایی شناسی سیستمها، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، اردیبهشت 1398، صص 561-580. - Abreu, M., Grinevich, V.(2013). The nature of academic entrepreneurship in the UK: Widening the focus on entrepreneurial activities. Research Policy, 42: 408–422.
- Allahar, H., Sookram, R.(2019). Emergence of University-centred Entrepreneurial ecosystems in the Caribbean, Industry & Higher Education, https://doi.org/10.1177/0950422219838220.
- Alvedalen, J., Boschma, R.(2017). A critical review of entrepreneurial ecosystems research: towards a future research agenda , pp: 887-903, https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1299694.
- Arvanitis, S., Kubli, U. & Woerter, M.(2008). University-industry knowledge and technology transfer in Switzerland: What university scientists think about co-operation with private enterprises. Research Policy, 37: 1865–1883.
- Bercovitz, J. & M. Feldman.(2006). Entrepreneurial universities and technology transfer: a conceptual framework for understanding knowledge-based economic development. Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1): 175-188.
- Bohlander, B., Cordonnier, M., Jonsson, L., Kaiser, L., Lack, J., Mack, J., Matacotta, C., Schwing, T., Sueur, T., Grevenstein, P. V., Bos, L. V. D. & Vonortas, N. S.(2003). Management of Intellectual Property in Publicly-funded Research Organisations: Towards. www.wipo.int.
- Brescia, F., Colombo, G. & Landoni, P.(2016). Organizational structures of Knowledge Transfer Offices: an analysis of the world’s top-ranked universities. Journal of Technology Transfer, 41: 132–151.
- Caldera, A. & Debande, O.(2010). Performance of Spanish universities in technology transfer: An empirical analysis. Research Policy, 39(9): 1160-1173.
- Campbell, A.F.(2005). The Evolving Concept of Value add in University Commercialization. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology, 11(4).
- Campbell, T.I.D.(1997). Public policy for the 21st Century: Addressing potential conflicts in university-industry collaboration. Review of Higher Education, 20(4): 357-379.
- Carayannis, E.G., Cherepovitsyn, A.Y., Ilinova, A.A.(2016). Technology commercialization in entrepreneurial universities: the US and Russian experience. Journal of Technology Transfer, 41: 1135–1147.
- Clarysse, B., Wright, M., Bruneel, J. & Mahajan, A.(2014). Creating value in Ecosystems: Crossing the chasm between knowledge and business ecosystems. Research Policy, 43:1164–1176.
- Comacchio, A., Bonesso,S., Pizzi ,C.(2012). Boundary spanning between Industry and University: the role of Technology Transfer Centres. Journal of Technology Transfer, 37: 943-966.
- D’Amico A., Abbate T., Coppolino, R.(2012). The contribution of university to territorial development: the role of Technology Transfer Office. Entrepreneurial competency perspective. Journal of Technology Transfer, 40: 782–799.
- Escoffier, Luca.(2015). Japan’s Technology Transfer System: Challenges and Opportunities for European SMEs. EU-Japan Centre for Industrial Cooperation.
- European_Investment_Fund.(2005). Technology Transfer Accelerator (TTA) Final report evolution of academic spin-offs. Journal of Technology Transfer, 40: 976–1002.
- Feldman, M., Feller, I., Bercovitz, J. & Burton, R.(2002). Equity and the technology transfer strategies of American research universities. Management Science, 48: 105–121.
- Frederick, H.(2012). Entrepreneurial Universities in Victoria: An Analysis of University-Based Entrepreneurship Ecosystem, International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship, Volume 2, No. 2, June 2012, pp 189-207.
- Fernández-Alles, M., Camelo-Ordaz, C. & Franco-Leal, N.(2015). Key resources and actors for the evolution of academic spin-offs. Journal of Technology Transfer, 40: 976–1002.
- Fini, R., Fu, K., Mathisen, M.T., Rasmussen, E. & Wright, M.(2016). Institutional determinants of university spin-off quantity and quality: a longitudinal, multilevel, cross-country study. Small Business Economics, 1–31.
- Fini, R., Grimaldi, R. & Sobrero, M.(2009). Factors fostering academics to start up new ventures: an assessment of Italian founders’ incentives. Journal of Technology Transfer, 34: 380–402.
- Fini, R., Lacetera, N. & Shane, S.(2010). Inside or outside the IP system? Business creation in academia. Research Policy, 39: 1060–1069.
- Fini, R., Santoni, S. & Sobrero, M.(2011). Complements or substitutes? The role of universities and local context in supporting the creation of academic spin-offs. Research Policy, 40: 1113–1127.
- Friedman, J., & Silberman, J.(2003). University technology transfer: the impact of organization and environment. Journal of Technology Transfer, 28: 17–30
- Friedman, J., & Silberman, J.(2003). University Technology Transfer: Do Incentives, Management, and Location Matter?, Journal of Technology Transfer, 28(1), 81–5.
- Harman, G. & Stone, Ch.(2006). Australian university technology transfer managers: Backgrounds, work roles, specialist skills and perceptions. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 28(3): 213–230.
- Hayter, C.S.)2011(. In search of the profit-maximizing actor: motivations and definitions of success from nascent academic entrepreneurs. Journal of Technology Transfer, 36: 340–352.
- Hayter, C.S.)2015(. Public or private entrepreneurship? Revisiting motivations and definitions of success among academic entrepreneurs. Journal of Technology Transfer, 40: 1003–1015.
- Hayter, C.S.)2016a(. Constraining entrepreneurial development: A knowledge-based view of social networks among academic entrepreneurs. Research Policy. 45: 475–490.
- Hayter, C.S.)2016b(. A trajectory of early-stage spinoff success: the role of knowledge intermediaries within an entrepreneurial university ecosystem. Small Business Economics, 47: 633–656.
- Hayter, C.S., Link, A.N.)2015(. on the economic impact of university proof of concept centers. Journal of Technology Transfer, 40: 178–183.
- Hayter, C.S., Lubynsky, R. & Maroulis, S.(2017). Who is the academic entrepreneur? The role of graduate students in the development of university spinoffs. Journal of Technology Transfer, 42: 1–18.
- Hayter, C.S., Andrew, J.N., Stephanie, Z., Alan, O.(2018). Conceptualizing academic entrepreneurship ecosystems: a review, analysis and extension of the literature, The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43, 1039–1082 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-018-9657-5.
- Hellman, T.(2005). The Role of Patents for Bridging the Science to Market Gap. NBER Working Paper, No. 11460, Cambridge, Mass.
- Howells, J.(2006). Intermediation and the role of intermediaries in innovation. Research Policy, 35: 715–728.
- Hoye, K. & Pries, F.(2009). Repeat commercializers, the habitual entrepreneurs of university–industry Technology transfer, Technovation, 29: 682–689.
- Huyghe, A., Knockaert, M. & Obschonka, M.(2016). Unraveling the “passion orchestra in academia. Journal of Business Venturing, 31: 344–364.
- Huyghe, A., Knockaert, M., Piva, E. & Wright, M.(2016). Are researchers deliberately bypassing the technology transfer office? An analysis of TTO awareness. Small Business Economics, 47: 589–607.
- Huyghe, A., Knockaert, M., Wright, M. & Piva, E.(2014). Technology transfer offices as boundary spanners in the pre-spin-off process: the case of a hybrid model. Small Business Economics, 43: 289–307.
- Jensen, B.M., Johnson, H. B., Lorenz, E., Lundvall, B-Å.(2007). Forms of knowledge and modes of innovation, Research Policy 36 (2007) 680–693.
- Lach, S., and Schankerman,M. 2004. Royalty Sharing and Technology Licensing in Universities, Journal of the European Economic Association, 2(2–3), 252–64.
- Lahikainen, K., Kolhinen, J., Ruskovaara, E., Pihkala, T.(2019). Challenges to the development of an entrepreneurial university ecosystem: The case of a Finnish university campus, Industry and Higher Education, https://doi.org/10.1177/0950422218815806.
- Lakhani, K. R. 2008. InnoCentive.com (A). Harvard Business School Case 608–170.
- Link, A. N., and Siegel, D. S.(2005). Generating Science-based Growth: An Econometric Analysis of the Impact of Organizational Incentives on University–Industry Technology Transfer, European Journal of Finance, 11(3), 169–82.
- Link, N., Scott, T. & Siegel, S.(2003). The economics of intellectual property at universities: an overview of the special issue. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 21(9).
- Lipinski, J., Minutolo, M.C. & Crothers, L.M.(2008). The Complex Relationship Driving Technology Transfer: The Potential Opportunities Missed by Universities, Institute of Behavioral and Applied Management.
- Llewellyn, D.W.T., Sharapov, D. & Erkko, A.(2017). Linking entrepreneurial and innovation ecosystems: the case of AppCampus. Entrepreneurial ecosystems and the diffusion of startups.
- Logar, cyril M,. Ponzurick, Thomas g,. Spears, John R,. France, Karen Russo.(2001). Commercialization Intellectual Property: University – Industry Alliance for New Product development, Journal of Product & Brand Management, 10, 2001, pp: 206-217.
- Lowe, R.(2002). Invention, innovation and entrepreneurship: the commercialization of university research by inventor-founded firms. PhD dissertation. University of California at Berkeley.
- Macho-Stadler, I., Perez-Castrillo, D., & Veugelers, R.(2007). Licensing of University Inventions: The Role of a Technology Transfer Office. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 25: 483-510.
- Malecki, E. J.(2017). Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems. Geography Compass. 12(3), 1-21. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/gec3.12359
- Markman, G., Gianiodis, P., Phan, P.H. & Balkin, D.B.(2004). Entrepreneurship from the ivory tower: do incentive systems matter? Journal of Technology Transfer, 29: 353–364.
- Markman, G., Gianiodis, P., Phan, P.H. & Balkin, D.B.(2005a). Innovation speed: Transferring university technology to market. Research Policy, 34: 1058–1075.
- Markman, G., Phan P.H., Balkin, D. B. & Gianiodis, P.(2005b). Entrepreneurship and university-based technology transfer. Journal of Business Venturing, 20: 241–263.
- Mosey, S. & Wright, M.(2007). From Human Capital to Social Capital: A Longitudinal Study of Technology–Based Academic Entrepreneurs. Journal of Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 6: 909-935. - O’Shea, R.P., Allen, T.J., Chevalier, A. & Roche, F.(2005). Entrepreneurial orientation, technology transfer and spinoff performance of U.S. universities. Research Policy, 34: 994–1009.
- O’Shea, R.P., Chugh, H., Allen, T.J.(2008). Determinants and consequences of university spin-off activity: a conceptual framework. Journal of Technology Transfer, 33: 653–666.
- OECD .(2003). Turning Science into Business: Patenting and Licensing at Public Research Organization.
- OECD .(2011). Technology transfer offices. Innovation Policy Platform. on university–industry relations. Research Policy, 42: 423–442.
- Owen-Smith, J. & Powell, W.W.(2001). To patent or not: faculty decisions and institutional success at technology transfer. Journal of Technology Transfer, 26: 99–114.
- Perkmann, M., Tartari, V., McKelvey, M., Autio, E., Broström, A., D’Este, P., Fini, R., Geuna, Pirnay, F., Surlemont, B. & Nlemvo, F.(2003). Toward a typology of university spin-offs. Small Business Economics, 21: 355–369.
- Rasmussen, E., Wright, M.(2015). How can universities facilitate academic spin-offs? An entrepreneurial competency perspective. Journal of Technology Transfer, 40: 782–799.
- Reichelt, K.M.(2007). University technology transfer and national innovation policy: Success stories from Brazil, Colombia and South Africa. Program Attorney.
- Rodríguez-Aceves, L., Mojarro-Durán, B., Muñíz-Ávila, E.(2019). University-Based Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: Evidence From Technology Transfer Policies and Infrastructure, Handbook of Research on Ethics, Entrepreneurship, and Governance in Higher Education.
- Rogers, E.M., Yin, Y. & Hoffmann, J.(2000). Assessing the effectiveness of technology transfer offices at U.S. research universities. The Journal of the Association of University Technology Managers, 12: 47-80.
- Sharif, N. & Baark, E.(2005). The tamest of tigers? Understanding Hong Kong’s innovation system and innovation policies. International Journal of Technology and Globalization, 1(3).
- Sharif, N. & Baark, E.(2008). Mobilizing technology transfer from university to industry the experience of Hong Kong universities. Journal of Technology Management in China, 3(1).
- Sharma, M., Kumar, U. & Lalande, L.(2006). Role of university technology transfer offices in university technology commercialization: case study of the Carleton university foundry program. Journal of Services Research, 6: 109-139.
- Sharon, A., Carayannis, G.E., Battista, G., Dagnino & Faraci, R.(2017). Introduction: Entrepreneurial ecosystems and the diffusion of startups.
- Siegel, D.S. & Wright, M.(2015). Academic entrepreneurship: Time for a re-think? British Journal of Management, 26: 582–595.
- Siegel, D.S., Veugelers, R. & Wright, M.(2007). Technology transfer offices and commercialization of university intellectual property: performance and policy implications. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 23(4).
- Siegel, D.S., Waldman, D. & Link, A.(2003). Assessing the impact of organizational practices on the relative productivity of university technology transfer offices: an exploratory study. Research Policy, 32: 27–48.
- Siegel, D.S., Waldman, D., Atwater E. L., Link, N.A.(2003). Commercial knowledge transfers from universities to firms: improving the effectiveness of university–industry collaboration, The Journal of High Technology Management Research, Volume 14, Issue 1, Spring 2003, pp: 111-133.
- Spigel, B.(2017). The Relational Organization of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol 41, Issue 1, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fetap.12167.
- Stephan, P.E.(2001). Educational implications of university-industry technology transfer. Journal of Technology Transfer, 26: 199-205.
- Technology Transfer Process, MIT.(2020). Learn About Intellectual Property, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROCESS. https://tlo.mit.edu/learn-about-intellectual property/technology-transfer-process.
- Thursby, M.C., Thursby, J.G. & Mukherjee, S.(2005). Are There Effects of Licensing on Academic Research? A Life Cycle View, NBER Working Paper No. 11497, Cambridge, Mass.
- Todorovic, Z. W., McNaughton, R. B., & Guild, P.(2011). ENTRE-U: An entrepreneurial orientation scale for universities. Technovation, 31(2/3), 128-137. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2010.10.009
- Upstill, G. & Symington, D.(2002). Technology transfer and the creation of companies: The CSIRO experience. R&D Management, 32(3): 233-239.
- Vorley, T., & Nelles, J.(2010). Gone corporate? The changing face of entrepreneurship in contemporary universities. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing, 2(2), 201-216.
- Wagner, M., Schaltegger, S., Hansen, E., Fichter, K.(2019). University-linked programmes for sustainable entrepreneurship and regional development: how and with what impact?, Small Business Economics, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00280-4.
- Weckowska, M. Dagmara.(2015). Learning inuniversity technology transfer offices: transactions-focused and relations-focused approaches to commercialization of academic research. Technovation, 41-42: 62–74.
- Yi, G., Uyarra, E.(2018). Process Mechanisms for Academic Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: Insights from a Case Study in China, Science, Technology and Society,23(1): 85-106.
- Young, TA.(2007). Establishing a Technology Transfer Office. In Intellectual Property Management in Health and Agricultural Innovation: A Handbook of Best Practices.
- Zhang, H.(2013). University Technology Transfer and Research Portfolio Management. Harvard University.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 702 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 501 |
||