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ارزیابی اثرات تاریخ برداشت و کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی اسانس آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) در سطوح مختلف آبیاری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 36، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 104، بهمن و اسفند 1399، صفحه 1022-1037 اصل مقاله (838.78 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2021.351323.2835 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مصطفی امانی ماچیانی1؛ عبدالله جوانمرد* 2؛ علی استادی1؛ محمد رضا مرشدلو3؛ جعفر چابک پور4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای اگروتکنولوژی- اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.1022.104.6.1575.1610 به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر کاربرد قارچ میکوریزایی Funneliformis mosseae و زمان برداشت بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) در رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های دوبار خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 12 تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه در سال 1398 اجرا شد. فاکتورها و سطوح آنها شامل 1- فاکتور اصلی: رژیم آبیاری در سه سطح آبیاری پس از 20 (W20 به عنوان شاهد)، 50 (W50 به عنوان تنش ملایم) و 80 (W80 به عنوان تنش شدید) درصد حداکثر تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی، 2- فاکتور فرعی: مصرف و عدم مصرف قارچ میکوریزا، و 3- فاکتور فرعی-فرعی: زمان برداشت در دو سطح برداشت در تیرماه (چین اول) و شهریورماه (چین دوم) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقادیر ارتفاع بوته، قطر کانوپی و عملکرد ماده خشک آویشن در تیمار W20 (شاهد)+ کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا+ چین اول به‌دست آمد. علاوه‌بر این، بیشترین درصد اسانس در W50 و پس از آن W80 حاصل شد که به‌ترتیب 38.2 و 23.7 درصد بیشتر از W20 (شاهد) بود. همچنین، کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا موجب افزایش 8.5 درصدی اسانس آویشن نسبت به عدم مصرف قارچ شد. بیشترین و کمترین میزان تیمول، گاماترپینن و پارا-سیمن به‌ترتیب در W50 و W20 به‌دست آمدند. همچنین، با کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا میزان ترکیب‌های ذکر شده به‌ترتیب 8.3، 9.6 و 1.7 درصد نسبت به عدم مصرف قارچ افزایش یافتند. به‌طور کلی، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که تیمار W50 (تنش ملایم) همراه با کاربرد قارچ میکوریزایی F. mosseae منجر به بهبود کمیت و کیفیت اسانس آویشن گردید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.)؛ تیمول؛ تنش خشکی؛ قارچ میکوریزا؛ کیفیت اسانس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of harvest time and mycorrhiza fungus application on quantitative and qualitative yield of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil at different irrigation levels | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Amani Machiani1؛ A. Javanmard2؛ A. Ostadi1؛ M.R. Morshedloo3؛ J. Chabokpour4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student of Agrotechnology-Crop Ecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To evaluate the effects of mycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae application and harvest time on the quantity and quality of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil in the different irrigation regimes, a field experiment was carried out as a split-split plot in a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with 12 treatments and three replications at the Agriculture Faculty, University of Maragheh, Iran, in 2019. The factors and their levels included 1- the main factor: irrigation regime at three levels of irrigation after 20% (W20 as control), 50% (W50 as moderate stress), and 80% (W80 as severe stress) of maximum allowable depletion, 2- the subfactor: application and non-application of mycorrhiza, and 3- sub-sub factor: harvest time at two levels of June harvest (first harvest) and September harvest (second harvest). The results demonstrated that the highest amounts of plant height, canopy diameter, and dry matter yield of thyme were obtained in the W20 (control)+ application of mycorrhiza fungus+ first harvest treatment. In addition, the highest essential oil content was recorded in W50 followed by W80, which were 38.2 and 23.7% higher than W20 (control), respectively. Also, the application of mycorrhiza fungus increased the essential oil of thyme by 8.5% compared to the non-application of fungus. The highest and lowest content of thymol, γ-terpinene, and p < /em>-cymene were obtained in W50 and W20, respectively. Also, the application of mycorrhiza fungus increased the amount of mentioned compounds, respectively by 3.8%, 3.9%, and 7.1% compared to the non-application of fungus. Overall, it can be concluded that W50 (moderate stress) along with the application of mycorrhizal fungus F. mosseae improved the essential oil quality and quantity of thyme. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), thymol, drought stress, mycorrhiza fungus, essential oil quality | ||
| مراجع | ||
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