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Nikkhah, F., Sefidkon, F., Sharifi Ashoorabadi, E. (2009). The effect of distillation methods and plant growth stages on the essential oil content and composition of Thymus vulgaris L.. , 25(3), 309-320. doi: 10.22092/ijmapr.2009.7146
F. Nikkhah; F. Sefidkon; E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi. "The effect of distillation methods and plant growth stages on the essential oil content and composition of Thymus vulgaris L.". , 25, 3, 2009, 309-320. doi: 10.22092/ijmapr.2009.7146
Nikkhah, F., Sefidkon, F., Sharifi Ashoorabadi, E. (2009). 'The effect of distillation methods and plant growth stages on the essential oil content and composition of Thymus vulgaris L.', , 25(3), pp. 309-320. doi: 10.22092/ijmapr.2009.7146
Nikkhah, F., Sefidkon, F., Sharifi Ashoorabadi, E. The effect of distillation methods and plant growth stages on the essential oil content and composition of Thymus vulgaris L.. , 2009; 25(3): 309-320. doi: 10.22092/ijmapr.2009.7146

The effect of distillation methods and plant growth stages on the essential oil content and composition of Thymus vulgaris L.

تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران
Article 4, Volume 25, Issue 3 - Serial Number 45, November 2009, Pages 309-320    PDF (261.78 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.22092/ijmapr.2009.7146
Authors
F. Nikkhah1; F. Sefidkon* 2; E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi2
1MS. Student of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Unit, Karaj, Iran
2Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The aerial parts of Thymus vulgaris were collected in three stages of plant growth (before flowering, at the beginning and full flowering stage) from Research Field of Shahid Beheshti University (Tehran) at spring. The plant materials were dried in shade and their essential oils were isolated by hydro-distillation in three replications. In addition, the essential oils of plant materials at full flowering stage were obtained by water-steam distillation and direct steam distillation. The oil yields were calculated based on dried weigh and compared by statistic analysis. The oils were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Statistic analysis showed different stages of plant growth and different distillation methods had significant effect on oil yield. The highest oil yield was obtained at the beginning of flowering (1.18% w/w). Among distillation methods, the highest oil yield was obtained by direct steam distillation (1.20%). Analysis and identification of components showed thymol, P-cymene and g-terpinene as main compounds in all samples. The percentage of thymol at the beginning and full flowering stage was the same, but at the beginning of flowering was lower. There was no remarkable difference between different distillation methods for producing thymol, but by hydro-distillation the thymol amount was little higher. Based on the results of this investigation it can be concluded that the beginning of flowering and hydro-distillation are the best for obtaining the higher oil content and thymol percentage.
Keywords
Thymus vulgaris L; essential oil; plant growth stages; distillation methods; Thymol
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