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اثر اسید جاسمونیک و قارچکشهای مانکوزب، استروبی و بردوفیکس بر قارچ Polystigma amygdalinum عامل بیماری لکه آجری بادام در شرایط آزمایشگاه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 2، اسفند 1403، صفحه 161-167 اصل مقاله (588.67 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2026.370603.397 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا ارژنگ1؛ جلال غلام نژاد* 2 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیماری لکه آجری بادام ناشی از قارچPolystigma amygdalinum یکی از مهمترین عوامل خسارتزای باغات بادام در ایران محسوب میشود. این مطالعه به منظور مقایسه اثربخشی تیمارهای شیمیایی و طبیعی در کنترل رشد این قارچ انجام شد. نمونههای آلوده از باغات شهرستان سامان جمعآوری و در محیط کشت PDA کشت داده شدند. چهار تیمار شامل اسید جاسمونیک (50، 100 و 200 μM)، مانکوزب (0/5، 1 و 2 ppm)، استروبی (0/1، 0/5و 1 ppm) و بردوفیکس (1%) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که مانکوزب ppm 2 با 61/7% مهار رشد در روز هفتم مؤثرترین تیمار بود، در حالی که استروبی ppm 1 و بردوفیکس به ترتیب با 58/9% و 55/7% مهار رشد در ردههای بعدی قرار گرفتند. نتایج در روز 21 نشان داد، که اسید جاسمونیک μM 200 عملکرد افزایشی بر خلاف قارچکشها از خود نشان داد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس اختلاف معنیداری بین تیمارها در سطح 0/05 نشان داد. مشاهدات میکروسکوپی تغییرات مورفولوژیکی واضحی در هیفهای تحت تیمار را آشکار ساخت. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد، که اگرچه قارچکشهای شیمیایی (به ویژه مانکوزب) در کوتاهمدت کارایی بالاتری در مهار قارچ دارند، اما اسید جاسمونیک با ایجاد پاسخهای دفاعی پایدار در گیاه میتواند به عنوان گزینهای امیدبخش در برنامههای مدیریت تلفیقی بیماری لکه آجری بادام مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. استفاده همزمان از این دو روش میتواند راهکاری مؤثر برای کنترل پایدار این بیماری باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Alternaria alternata؛ بیماری لکه آجری بادام؛ اسید جاسمونیک؛ مانکوزب؛ مهار رشد قارچ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Jasmonic Acid and Fungicides Mancozeb, Strobilurin, and Bordofix on the Fungus Polystigma amygdalinum, the Causal Agent of Almond Red Leaf Spot Disease, under Laboratory Conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| mohammadreza arzhang1؛ jalal gholamnezhad2 | ||
| 1M.Sc. in Horticultural Science and Engineering, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Ardakan, Ardakan, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Ardakan, Ardakan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Reddish–Brown Spot Disease of Almond, caused by the fungus Polystigma amygdalinum , is considered one of the most important damaging agents in almond orchards in Iran. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of chemical and natural treatments in controlling the growth of this fungus. Infected samples were collected from orchards in Saman county and cultured on PDA medium. Four treatments, including Jasmonic acid (50, 100, and 200 μM), Mancozeb (0.5, 1, and 2 ppm), Strobi (0.1, 0.5, and 1 ppm), and Bordofix (1%), were investigated in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results showed that Mancozeb at 2 ppm with 61.7% growth inhibition on the seventh day was the most effective treatment, while Strobi at 1 ppm and Bordofix with 58.9% and 55.7% growth inhibition, respectively, ranked next. Results on day 21 showed that Jasmonic acid at 200 μM exhibited an increasing effect, contrary to the fungicides. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results indicated a significant difference between the treatments at the 0.05 level. Microscopic observations revealed clear morphological changes in the treated hyphae. The results of this study showed that although chemical fungicides (especially Mancozeb) have higher short–term efficacy in inhibiting the fungus, Jasmonic acid, by inducing sustained defense responses in the plant, can be used as a promising option in integrated disease management programs for almond Reddish–Brown Spot. The simultaneous use of these two methods could be an effective strategy for the sustainable control of this disease. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Alternaria alternata, almond red leaf spot disease, jasmonic acid, mancozeb, fungal growth inhibition | ||
| مراجع | ||
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