Studies on Floristic Composition of Chickpea Weeds in District Karak, Pakistan | ||
| دانش علفهای هرز ایران | ||
| Article 6, Volume 2, Issue 1, September 2006, Pages 69-80 PDF (87.14 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Article | ||
| Authors | ||
| g hassan; i khan; ahmad khan | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is the most important crop sustaining the economy of district Karak, Pakistan. Weeds cause enormous losses to the quantity as well as quality of the crop. A survey was launched during February 2004, to record the phytosociological status of chickpea farms. A total of 21 chickpea growers from seven villages in district Karak, Pakistan, were randomly selected. At each farm, the density of weeds was determined using standard quadrate method. The density data were subjected to analysis to compute Relative density (%), Frequency (%), Relative frequency (%) and Importance value. Asphodelus tenuifolius emerged as the predominant species in the district. The highest importance value of A. tenuifolius weed was recorded (88.6) in Hada followed by Wachobaqas (65.2) and Bogara (64.8). Whereas, the highest (38.6) importance value of Medicago denticulata was observed in Lakki Ghundaki and Ahmad Wala (32.8). Medicago-Cynodon-Asphodelus community was recognized at Ahmad Wala, Medicago-Fumaria- Asphodelus was prevalent in Ambiri Kala, and Medicago-Asphodelus-Cynodon existed at Lakki Ghundaki and Asphodelus-Cynodon-Euphorbia commenced at Wachobagas. At Bagara, Hada and * Correspondence to: G. Hassan, E-mail: hassanpk_2000pk@yahoo.com H. Hassan et al. 70 Sarkhawa the communities predominant were Ashphodelus-Cynodon-Euphorbia, Asphodelus-Cynodon and Asphodelus-Medicago-Cynodon. Asphodelus, Medicago, and Cynodon in the decreasing order were the major weeds in chickpea farms of Karak. Further studies are suggested to confirm the findings and launch an effective management program. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Gram relative weed density frequency Importance value Asphodelus Medicago | ||
| References | ||
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Anonymous.2004. Agricultural Statistics of Pakistan. Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad. Bhan, V.M. and S. Kukula. 1987. Weeds and Their Control in Chickpea, in The Chickpea (M.C. SAXENA and K.B.SINGH, eds.). C.A.B. International, Wallingford. Oxen, U.K. pp. 319-328. Weed species Ahmad wala Ambiri kala Lakki- Ghunda-ki Wacho- Baqas Bogara Hada Sara Khawa Average imp. value Spp. ranking Asphodelus tenuifolius 14.6 15.3 21.9 65.2 64.8 88.6 32.4 43.25 1 Medicago denticulata 32.8 17.8 38.6 0.0 1.5 0.0 15.0 15.1 2 Cynodon dactylon 15.3 15.0 14.8 18.5 17.2 11.0 10.6 14.62 3 Fumaria indica 13.0 16.2 10.2 0.0 1.2 0.0 27.7 9.75 4 Vicia sativa 2.1 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.75 8 Convolvulus arvensis 3.0 8.5 10.0 1.6 3.6 0.0 6.2 4.7 6 Euphorbia helioscopia 11.0 14.3 0.0 14.3 11.5 0.0 7.0 8.3 5 Anagallis arvensis 8.6 9.1 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.82 7 Chenopodium album 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.08 10 Poa annua 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.4 9 H. Hassan et al. 80 Duke, J.A. 1981. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance. Plenum Press, New York. pp. 52-57. ICARDA (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas)1985. Tunisia- ICARDA Cooperative Program on Food Legume Improvement. Progress Reports, 1984/85 and 1985/86. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. Marwat, K.B. 1984. Taxonomic Studies of the Weeds of NWFP. Ph.D Dissertation Department of Botany, Universityof Peshawar. Muehlbauer, F.J., R.J. Redden, A.M. Nassib, L.D. Robertson and J.B. Smithson. 1988. Population improvement in pulse crops: An assessment of methods and techniques, In World Crops: Cool Season Food Legumes (R.J. SUMMERFIELD, ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp.943-966. Hussain, F. 1989. Field and Laboratory Manual of Plant Ecology. University Grants Commission, Islamabad, pp. 155-156. Hussain, F., A. Murad and M.J.Durrani. 2004. Weed communities in wheat fields of Mastuj, District Chitral, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research 10:101-108. McCully, K. M., G. Simpson, and A.K.Watson. 1991. Weed survey of Nova Scotia Lowbush (Vaccinilum angustifolium) fields. Weed Science 39, 180-185. Saxena, M.C. and D.S.Yadav. 1976. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Grain Legumes. ICRISAT, Hyderabad India, pp. 31-61. Singh, B.D.1998. Influence of diphenyl ether and dinitroaniline herbicides in weed suppression and grain yield in chickpea+mustard intercropping system. Indian Journal of Pulses Research 11: 48-53. Stork, P.R. 1998. Bioefficacy and leaching of controlled-release formulations of triazine herbicides. Weed Research Oxford 38: 433-441. Sukhadia, N.M. , B.B. Ramani, M.M. Modhwadia, V.D. Khanpara and K.B. Asodaria. 1999. Integrated weed management in chickpea. Gujarat Agricultural University Journal of Research 24: 7-12. Sultan, S. and Z.A. Nasir. 2003. Dynamics of weed communities in gram fields of Chakwal, Pakistan. First International Weed Science Conference NWFP Agricultural Univ., Peshawar Oct. 23-26, 2003. Thomas, A.G. 1985. Weed Survey System used in Saskatchewan for Cereal and Oilseed Crops. Weed Science 33: 34-43. Thomas A.G. 1991. Floristic composition and relative abundance of weeds in annual crops of Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71: 831-839. | ||
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