اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها2,980
تعداد مقالات33,446
تعداد مشاهده مقاله43,911,832
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله20,410,830
شمس الدینی, مصطفی. (1402). بررسی تنزل کیفیت اشتغال نیروی کار ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در مناطق روستایی استان هرمزگان. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 26(3), 53-80. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.358377.1458
مصطفی شمس الدینی. "بررسی تنزل کیفیت اشتغال نیروی کار ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در مناطق روستایی استان هرمزگان". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 26, 3, 1402, 53-80. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.358377.1458
شمس الدینی, مصطفی. (1402). 'بررسی تنزل کیفیت اشتغال نیروی کار ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در مناطق روستایی استان هرمزگان', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 26(3), pp. 53-80. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.358377.1458
شمس الدینی, مصطفی. بررسی تنزل کیفیت اشتغال نیروی کار ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در مناطق روستایی استان هرمزگان. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1402; 26(3): 53-80. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.358377.1458

بررسی تنزل کیفیت اشتغال نیروی کار ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در مناطق روستایی استان هرمزگان

روستا و توسعه
مقاله 3، دوره 26، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 103، دی 1402، صفحه 53-80    اصل مقاله (558.2 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30490/rvt.2023.358377.1458
نویسنده
مصطفی شمس الدینی*
استادیار گروه حسابداری و اقتصاد، دانشکده مدیریت، اقتصاد و حسابداری، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.
چکیده
همه‌گیری کووید-19 اقتصاد جهانی را با چالش‌های زیادی روبرو کرده است. هدف حاضر با توجه به حساسیت بخش اقتصاد روستایی نسبت به تبعات و پیامدهای رکودی این بیماری به­ خصوص تبعات آن بر بازار اشتغال نیروی کار روستایی، بررسی تنزل کیفیت اشتغال نیروی کار در مناطق روستایی استان هرمزگان ناشی از همه‌گیری این بیماری است. در این راستا ابتدا با بررسی پژوهش‌های پیشین، مبانی نظری و نظرات خبرگان این حوزه، پرسش­نامه‌ای با ده بعد و سی و هشت گویه برای بررسی تنزل کیفیت نیری کار طراحی شد که آلفای کرونباخ آن 0/77 به دست آمد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش کلیه نیروی کار فعال در مناطق روستایی استان هرمزگان در سال 1400 است. روش نمونه‌گیری، خوشه‌ای و حجم نمونه 311 نفر است. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که هر ده بعد کیفیت اشتغال در مناطق روستایی تحت تأثیر این همه‌گیری قرار گرفته­ اند که به ترتیب ابعاد «ساعت کار مناسب»، «فرصت‌های اشتغال» و «زمینه‌های اجتماعی اقتصادی» بیشترین و ابعاد «کار امن»، «کار غیر قابل قبول» و «گفتمان اجتماعی» کمترین افت کیفیت را داشته‌اند. برای مواجهه و مقابله با این شرایط، اولویت بخشیدن به استراتژی‌های بهبود محیط اشتغال و رفاه نیروی کار توصیه می ­شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اشتغال؛ نیروی کار؛ اقتصاد روستایی؛ کووید-19؛ استان هرمزگان
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigating Reduction Labor Employment Quality due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural Areas of Hormozgan Province
نویسندگان [English]
Mostafa Shamsoddini
Assistant Professor, Department of Accounting and Economics, Faculty of Management, Economics and ‎Accounting, University of HormozganAssistant Professor, Department of Accounting and Economics, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Introduction
The Covid-19 pandemic has posed numerous challenges to the global economy. Due to the pandemic and the resulting restrictions, many job opportunities have been lost, and lots of businesses have suffered. Given the sensitivity of the rural economy sector to impact of the pandemic outbreak, particularly on the rural labor market, the aim of this study is to investigate decline in quality of labor employment in rural areas of Hormozgan province caused by the pandemic. In recent years, one of Iran's fundamental issues has been the underdevelopment of rural areas and the consequent migration of villagers to urban centers. This migration is primarily driven by economic factors, particularly limited employment opportunities. Employment is one of the effective and important categories in rural development, which has always received attention.
Materials and Methods
The study's research design is practical in purpose and semi-experimental in implementation. This research employed a questionnaire consisting of 10 dimensions and 38 items to investigate the decline in the quality of labor employment. The questionnaire was designed based on previous research, theoretical foundations, and expert opinions in the field. The Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaire was 0.77. The obtained information was analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural methods with SPSS and PLS software. The statistical population of this research comprises all active labor force in the rural areas of Hormozgan province in 2021. The cluster sampling method was used, and the sample size was 311 people. The samples were collected from service, agricultural, and industrial jobs in 12 cities in Hormozgan province.
Results a  nd discussion
The research findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the quality of employment in rural areas of Hormozgan province. Addressing these challenges will require significant efforts at both the provincial and national levels. The research results indicate that the average employment quality degradation score in the sample was 3.430. This score, on the 5-point Likert scale, suggests a worrying degradation of employment quality in rural areas of Hormozgan province due to the spread of Covid-19. The findings show that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all 10 dimensions of employment quality in rural areas. The dimensions most affected were 'suitable working hours', 'employment opportunities', and 'social and economic fields', while the dimensions of 'safe work', 'unacceptable work', and 'social discourse' experienced the least decline in quality.
The data indicates a significant disparity in job quality between genders, with men experiencing higher job quality than women following the Covid-19 outbreak. Additionally, there is a notable decline in employment quality among certain age and education groups. Specifically, those under 20, between 21 and 30, and over 51 years old have experienced the greatest decline in employment quality. People with lower educational qualifications and incomes experienced a greater decline in employment quality; this issue should be taken into consideration when developing support policies post-COVID-19. The analysis indicates that the spread of Covid-19 has resulted in a lack of employment opportunities, forcing workers to accept unacceptable working conditions. Additionally, the unfavorable socio-economic conditions resulting from the pandemic have led to a situation where people have no choice but to work under such conditions.
Conclusions
Supporting the rural labor force is a duty of governments and their economic, political, and social representatives. This requires national determination, political will, and prioritizing strategies that aim to develop the rural economy in the country. The cultural and behavioral gap between the rural and urban labor force has resulted in the failure of the rural labor environment to implement laws and develop rights and benefits. This gap may cause problems for the efficiency of the rural labor force; however, a relative moderation can be achieved. To prevent the negative impact of Covid-19 on the quality of employment in rural areas, various countries are implementing measures to address current and future challenges; It is recommended to prioritize strategies that improve the employment environment and labor force welfare. Improving the rural business environment in the post-Covid-19 era can enhance employment opportunities in the province. Rural activists comprehend the significance and advantages of support programs; this work showcases the resources qualitatively and operationally.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Employment, Labor, Rural Economy, COVID-19, Hormozgan Province
مراجع
  1. Adamowicz, M. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemic as a change factor in the labour market in Poland. Sustainability, 14(15), 9197.
  2. Albanesi, S. & Kim, J. (2021). Effects of the COVID-19 recession on the US labor market: Occupation, family, and gender. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 35(3), 3-24.
  3. Anam, M.Z., Warsito, T., Al-Fadhat, F., Pribadi, U. & Sugito, S. (2021). COVID-19 and decent work: Online media coverage on Indonesian female migrant domestic workers in Malaysia and Taiwan. Sociology and Technoscience, 11(2), 160-193.
  4. Anker, R., Chernyshev, I., Egger, P., Mehran, F. & Ritter, J. (2002). Measuring decent work with statistical indicators. Working Paper No.2. Geneva: International Labour Office.
  5. Araghi, S.E. (2012). Transformation of international labor law. Tehran: Institute of Labor and Social Security. [In Persian]
  6. Auer, D. (2022). Firing discrimination: Selective labor market responses of firms during the COVID-19 economic crisis. PLoS One, 17(1), e0262337.
  7. Berger, L., Berger, N., Bosetti, V., Gilboa, I., Hansen, L.P., Jarvis, C., Marinacci, M. & Smith, R.D. (2021). Rational policymaking during a pandemic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(4), e2012704118.
  8. Blustein, D.L., Duffy, R., Ferreira, J.A., Cohen, S.V., Cinamon, R.G. & Allan, B.A. (2020). Unemployment in the time of COVID-19: A research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, 103436.
  9. Blustein, D.L., Lysova, E.I. & Duffy, R.D. (2023). Understanding decent work and meaningful work. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 289-314.
  10. Brino, V. (2018). ILO convention 122 employment policy convention. In: International and european labour law. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft.
  11. Çamlibel, M.E., Sümer, L. & Hepşen, A. (2021). Risk-return performances of real estate investment funds in Turkey including the COVID-19 period. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 25(4), 267-277.
  12. Chen, J., Huang, J., Su, W., Štreimikienė, D. & Baležentis, T. (2021). The challenges of COVID-19 control policies for sustainable development of business: Evidence from service industries. Technology in Society, 66, 101643.
  13. Chirico, A., Serpentini, S., Merluzzi, T., Mallia, L., Del Bianco, P., Martino, R. & Lucidi, F. (2017). Self-efficacy for coping moderates the effects of distress on quality of life in palliative cancer care. Anticancer research, 37(4), 1609-1615.
  14. Collins, C., Landivar, L.C., Ruppanner, L. & Scarborough, W.J. (2021). COVID‐19 and the gender gap in work hours. Gender, Work & Organization, 28, 101-112.
  15. Dang, H.A.H. & Nguyen, C.V. (2021). Gender inequality during the COVID-19 pandemic: Income, expenditure, savings, and job loss. World Development, 140, 105296.
  16. Duffy, R.D., Blustein, D.L., Allan, B.A., Diemer, M.A. & Cinamon, R.G. (2020). Introduction to the Special Issue: A cross-cultural exploration of decent work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 116(A), 103351.
  17. Duffy, R.D., Kim, H.J., Perez, G., Prieto, C., Torgal, C. & Kenny, M. (2022). Decent education as a precursor to decent work: An overview and construct conceptualization. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 138, 103771.
  18. Fairlie, R. & Fossen, F.M. (2022). The early impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on business sales. Small Business Economics, 58(4), 1853-1864.
  19. Ferraro, T., Pais, L., Rebelo Dos Santos, N. & Moreira, J.M. (2018). The decent work questionnaire: Development and validation in two samples of knowledge workers. International Labour Review, 157(2), 243-265.
  20. Ghadiri Masoum, M. & Azmi A. (2010). Assessment of rural employment developments and factors affecting it. Journal of Human Residence Planning Studies, 5(10), 101-119. [In Persian]
  21. Green, D. & Loualiche, E. (2021). State and local government employment in the COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Public Economics, 193, 104321.
  22. Han, M., Zhang, M., Hu, E. & Shan, H. (2022). Decent work among rural-urban migrant workers in China: Evidence and challenges. Personnel Review, (ahead-of-print).
  23. (2016). Non-standard employment around the world: Understanding challenges, shaping prospects. Geneva: International Labor Organization.
  24. (2020). ILO Monitor: COVID-19 and the world of work. Third edition. Geneva: International Labor Organization.
  25. Imani Jajarmi, H. (2020). Social consequences of coronavirus in Iranian society. Social Impact Assessment, 1(2), 87-103. [In Persian]
  26. Jahangard, E. & Kakaie, J. (2021). Evaluation of COVID-19 virus effect on production and employment of Iranian economy. Economic Research, 20(80), 47-77. [In Persian]
  27. Jiskrova, G.K. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the workforce: From psychological distress to the Great Resignation. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 76(6), 525-526.
  28. Kantamneni, N. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marginalized populations in the United States: A research agenda. Journal of vocational behavior, 119, 103439.
  29. Koshle, H., Kaur, R. & Basista, R. (2020). Breakdown of business and workers in India: Impact of corona virus. Available at: SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3557544 (Retrieved at 15 April 2022).
  30. Lai, S.K. (2021). Rapidly increasing poverty by corona outbreak. The Researchers' International Research Journal, 7(1), 43-45.
  31. Limbong, S. & Siallagan, S. (2022). Poverty as the impact of the COVID-19: A biblical approach in bridging the impacts of social changes caused by global corona virus. Linguistics and Culture Review, 6, 59-74.
  32. (2019). Introduction to effects of coronavirus on Iran's economy. Tehran: Economic Deputy, Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare. [In Persian]
  33. Molashahi, G. (2012). The importance and role of small rural industries in creating sustainable employment. Work and Society, 152, 74-79. [In Persian]
  34. Omid Pour, F., Rhmani Fazli, A. & Aziz Pour, F. (2020). Analysis of structural factors affecting entrepreneurship development in rural areas of Delfan city. Journal Space Economy & Rural Development, 9(31), 21-40. [In Persian]
  35. Oya, C. (2015). Decent work indicators for agriculture and rural areas. Working Paper Series ESS/15-10. United Nations: FAO Statistics Division.
  36. Pereira, S., Dos Santos, N. & Pais, L. (2019). Empirical research on decent work: A literature review. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 4(1), 1-15.
  37. Peters, D.J. (2020). Community susceptibility and resiliency to COVID‐19 across the rural‐urban continuum in the United States. The Journal of Rural Health, 36(3), 446-456.
  38. Phillipson, J., Gorton, M., Turner, R., Shucksmith, M., Aitken-McDermott, K., Areal, F... & Monteiro, D.S. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and its implications for rural economies. Sustainability, 12(10), 3973.
  39. Putri, A. & Amran, A. (2021). Employees’ work-life balance reviewed from work from home aspect during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Management Science and Information Technology, 1(1), 30-34.
  40. Radulescu, C.V., Ladaru, G.R., Burlacu, S., Constantin, F., Ioanăș, C. & Petre, I.L. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Romanian labor market. Sustainability, 13(1), 271.
  41. Ranscombe, P. (2020). Rural areas at risk during COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5), 545.
  42. Rawal, V., Kumar, M., Verma, A. & Pais, J. (2020). COVID-19 lockdown: Impact on agriculture and rural economy. Social Scientist, 48(3), 67-82.
  43. Rezaee, B., Naderi, N. & Soleimani, M. (2020). Entrepreneurship ecosystem development strategies in rural areas of Kermanshah. Journal Space Economy & Rural Development, 9(31), 67-94. [In Persian]
  44. Rozelle, S., Rahimi, H., Wang, H. & Dill, E. (2020). Lockdowns are protecting China's rural families from COVID-19, but the economic burden is heavy (Chapter 11). In: COVID-19 and global food security (pp. 52-55), Washington D.C: IFPRI.
  45. Salehi, H., Sajadi, S.H., Khodadadi, V. & Rasekh, A. (2018). Structural equation modeling to study effects of corporate governance on cost of equity capital. Journal of Empirical Researches in Accounting, 7(27), 129-145. [In Persian]
  46. Sarfraz, M., Andlib, Z., Kamran, M., Khan, N.U. & Bazkiaei, H.A. (2021). Pathways towards women empowerment and determinants of decent work deficit: A South Asian perspective. Administrative Sciences, 11(3), 80.
  47. (2019). Labor force survey. Tehran: Statistics Center of Iran. [In Persian]
  48. Shakeri, A. (2019). Macroeconomic theory and policies. 21st edition, Tehran: Nashr-E Ney. [In Persian]
  49. Shojaeefard, A. (2019). Empowering and creating rural entrepreneurship in small business environment case study of Hormozgan province villages. Journal of Regional Planning, 9(36), 185-196. [In Persian]
  50. Taheri, A. (2013). Employment right as human right. Work and Society, 162, 9-20. [In Persian]
  51. Taherinia, M. & Hasanvand, A. (2020). Economic consequences of Covid-19 disease on the Iranian economy. Quarterly Journal of Nursing Management, 9(3), 43-58. [In Persian]
  52. Toma, M. (2012). The Risk of trading: Mastering the most important element in financial speculation. 1st edition. New York: Wiley.
  53. Vellinga, A., Mellotte, M., Mealy, P.J., Staines, A., O’Connor, P., Brychkova, G. & d’Aquin, M. (2022). Corona citizens’ science project-repeated surveys of the Irish response to COVID-19 and subsequent lockdown and restrictive measures. Irish Journal of Medical Science, 191(2), 577-588.
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 176
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 130


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب