اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها2,975
تعداد مقالات33,408
تعداد مشاهده مقاله43,904,324
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله20,405,846
قاسملو, حسن, چراغی, مهدی, عینالی, جمشید. (1402). نقش دامداری در تأمین امنیت غذایی خانوار روستایی (مورد مطالعه: مناطق روستایی شهرستان زنجان). سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 26(1), 193-220. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.355355.1378
حسن قاسملو; مهدی چراغی; جمشید عینالی. "نقش دامداری در تأمین امنیت غذایی خانوار روستایی (مورد مطالعه: مناطق روستایی شهرستان زنجان)". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 26, 1, 1402, 193-220. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.355355.1378
قاسملو, حسن, چراغی, مهدی, عینالی, جمشید. (1402). 'نقش دامداری در تأمین امنیت غذایی خانوار روستایی (مورد مطالعه: مناطق روستایی شهرستان زنجان)', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 26(1), pp. 193-220. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.355355.1378
قاسملو, حسن, چراغی, مهدی, عینالی, جمشید. نقش دامداری در تأمین امنیت غذایی خانوار روستایی (مورد مطالعه: مناطق روستایی شهرستان زنجان). سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1402; 26(1): 193-220. doi: 10.30490/rvt.2023.355355.1378

نقش دامداری در تأمین امنیت غذایی خانوار روستایی (مورد مطالعه: مناطق روستایی شهرستان زنجان)

روستا و توسعه
مقاله 8، دوره 26، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 101، تیر 1402، صفحه 193-220    اصل مقاله (1.28 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30490/rvt.2023.355355.1378
نویسندگان
حسن قاسملو* 1؛ مهدی چراغی2؛ جمشید عینالی3
1دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
2استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
3دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
چکیده
جوامع روستایی به­ عنوان بخش کثیری از جمعیت کشورهای در حال توسعه که به طور عمده به تولید غذا مشغول هستند در تأمین مواد غذایی خود با مشکل روبرو هستند و با توجه به افزایش جمعیت از یک سو و کاهش توان محیطی از سوی دیگر تأمین امنیت غذایی در آینده نیز دشوارتر خواهد بود. در راستای رفع این بحران راهکارهای مختلفی از سوی جامعه علمی ارائه شده که از جمله آن­ها دامداری است. هدف از این مطالعه، ارزیابی سهم دامداری در تأمین امنیت غذایی در مناطق روستایی شهرستان زنجان است. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت توصیفی-تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان زنجان است. روش گردآوری اطلاعات به­ صورت کتابخانه­ای و میدانی بوده و جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی و برای محاسبه میزان امنیت غذایی از روش مقیاس ناامنی غذایی استفاده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده از وضعیت امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی حاکی از وضعیت نامطلوبی دارد؛ به ­طوری­ که تنها 26/37 درصد خانوارها دارای امنیت غذایی هستند. همچنین دامداری منجر­ به بهبود وضعیت امنیت غذایی خانوارها شده است. بنابراین لزوم توجه به بهره­ وری تولیدات دام و همچنین حفظ تعادل میان تعداد دام و ظرفیت مراتع در راستای بهبود امنیت غذایی روستاییان پیشنهاد می شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
دامداری؛ امنیت غذایی؛ خانوار روستایی؛ شهرستان زنجان
عنوان مقاله [English]
The role of animal husbandry in providing food security to rural households (Case study: Rural areas of Zanjan Township)
نویسندگان [English]
H. Ghasemloo1؛ M. Cheraghi2؛ j. Einali3
1PhD student in Geography and Rural Planning, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2Assistant Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran.
3Associate Professor of Geography and Rural Planning, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Introduction
Rural communities, as a large part of the population of developing countries, which are mainly food producers, are facing problems in providing their own food. Due to the trend of population increase on one hand and the reduction of environmental capacity on the other hand, it will be more difficult to provide food security in the future. In this regard, scientists have come up with various solutions to solve this crisis, and in most of these solutions, attention has been paid to sustainable agriculture and maintaining the relationship between its indicators, including the environment, agricultural exploitation, and food security. Nowadays, the position of animal husbandry activity in food security strategies has been increasingly improved. Because animal husbandry can play an important role in increasing income and increasing food security and nutrition, and it can also provide fertilizer and kinetic energy to the system, it can make agriculture more sustainable. However, few empirical studies have been conducted that show that there is a causal relationship between livestock ownership and food security. Therefore, it is felt necessary to pay attention to this category in order to ensure the food security of rural households.
Materials and Methods
The current research is based on the practical purpose and is descriptive-analytical in nature. The statistical population of the research is the households of the villages of Zanjan Township, which has 248 inhabited villages. Using the modified Cochran formula, 54 villages were selected as sample villages. The sampling method is simple probability (lottery method). The number of samples required to complete the questionnaire was determined by using Cochran's formula of 290 households, in the following, according to the number of households in each village, the number of samples in each village was determined. The method of collecting information in the current research is library and field, and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data, and the food insecurity scale method was used to calculate the level of food security.
Results and Discussion
Descriptive findings related to the food security status of families with children on the scale of food insecurity show that the highest level of food insecurity is related to the index "In the past month, has it happened that you or one of the family members could not have enough resources to eat the foods you like?" with an average of 5.44 and the lowest level of food insecurity is related to the index "In the past month, has it happened that there is nothing to eat in your home due to not having enough money to buy food?" with an average of 2.79. Also, the descriptive findings related to the food security status of childless families in the food insecurity scale method show that the highest level of food insecurity is related to the index "In the past month, has it happened that you or one of the family members did not have enough resources to eat the foods you like? "with an average of 5.33 and the lowest level of food insecurity is related to the index "In the past month, has it happened that you or one of your family members did not eat anything for a whole day and night due to not having enough food?" with an average of 3.16.
In the following, the investigations related to the average livestock ownership in the studied area show that 39.28 households own traditional poultry, 32.89 households own heavy livestock and 43.11 households own light livestock. Finally, examining the intensity and direction of the statistical relationship between animal husbandry and food security in the study area shows that animal husbandry has made a significant difference in the food security of the rural households under study. So that in households with food security, the correlation is 0.252 and in households with food insecurity without hunger, the correlation decreases (0.048), but it still has a positive relationship. Also, in households with food insecurity with moderate hunger, the correlation coefficient is -0.279 and for food insecurity with severe hunger, the correlation coefficient is -0.107. Therefore, it can be said that animal husbandry in rural households has led to the improvement of the food security situation, and with the reduction or elimination of animal husbandry, the food security of rural households also decreases. 
Conclusions
The results related to the investigation of the food security situation in Zanjan Township show that it is unfavorable, so that only 26.37% of the households have food security. However, food insecurity with moderate hunger and food insecurity with extreme hunger have a relatively lower average. This shows the need to pay attention to the factors influencing the improvement of food security in the region. Further, the investigation related to the average livestock in the studied area shows that this part of the research is in line with the studies of Upton (2004). As he points out, light livestock has more fans among livestock farmers due to its lower cost, domestic consumption and domestic sales, and has a positive effect on household food security. Also, the investigations of the relationship between livestock farming and the food security of the studied rural households showed that livestock farming in rural households has led to an improvement in the food security situation, and with the reduction or elimination of livestock farming, the food security of rural households also decreases. In the first stage, the ownership of livestock provides the villagers with the possibility of consuming livestock products, and in the next stage, it is one of the effective factors in food security through the creation of income and the possibility of selling its products and earning income to buy other foodstuffs.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Livestock, Food Security, Rural Household, Zanjan Township
مراجع
  1. Ali, A. & Khan, M. (2013). Livestock ownership in ensuring rural household food security in Pakistan. J Anim Plant Sci, 23(1), 313-318. https://thejaps.org.pk/docs/v-23-1/48.pdf
  2. Asamenew, G. (1991). A study of the fanning systems of some Ethiopian highland vertisol areas. International Livestock Centre for Africa: Addis Ababa.
  3. Bayat, N., Rastegar, E., Khorasani, M.A. & Ghanbari Nasab, A. (2012). Recognition and analysis of factors affecting the recession of livestock economy in rural areas (Case study: Perider and Mahdieh villages-Malayer city). Rural Research, 2(4), 181-153. [In Persian] https://doi.org/https://www.sid.ir/image/pdf-v.gif
  4. Bundala, N., Kinabo, J., Jumbe, T., Rybak, C. & Sieber, S. (2020). Does homestead livestock production and ownership contribute to consumption of animal source foods? A pre-intervention assessment of rural farming communities in Tanzania. Scientific African, 7, e00252. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00252
  5. Carletto, G., Ruel, M., Winters, P. & Zezza, A. (2015). Farm-level pathways to improved nutritional status: Introduction to the special issue. The Journal of Development Studies, 51(8), 945-957.
  6. Cheraghi, M., Mohammadi Yeganeh, B. & Eskandari Shahraki, Z. (2018). Analysis of geographical factors affecting food security of rural households Case study: Zanjan city. Land Geography Engineering, 2(3), 47-58. [In Persian]
  7. Christian, A.K., Wilson, M.L., Aryeetey, R.N. & Jones, A.D. (2019). Livestock ownership, household food security and childhood anaemia in rural Ghana. Plos One, 14(7), e0219310. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219310
  8. Cochrane, N. & D’Souza, A. (2015). Measuring access to food in Tanzania: A food basket approach, EIB-135. US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service (verified 5th October 2016). https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/198784/files/eib135.pdf
  9. Cornelsen, L., Alarcon, P., Häsler, B., Amendah, D.D., Ferguson, E., Fèvre, E.M., Grace, D., Dominguez-Salas, P. & Rushton, J. (2016). Cross-sectional study of drivers of animal-source food consumption in low-income urban areas of Nairobi, Kenya. BMC Nutrition, 2(1), 1-13.
  10. Diagne, R. (2013). Food security and agricultural liberalization Thesis for obtaining doctor of economic sciences). rapporteur: mr. jerome …].
  11. Elzaki, R.M., Elbushra, A.A., Ahmed, S. & Alajab, M.M. (2012). The role of livestock production on food security in Sudan: Rural White Nile State. Available at SSRN 2171556. https://www.ojafr.ir/main/attachments/article/80/OJAFR,%20A59,%20439-443,%202011.pdf
  12. Enahoro, D., Mason-D’Croz, D., Mul, M., Rich, K.M., Robinson, T.P., Thornton, P. & Staal, S.S. (2019). Supporting sustainable expansion of livestock production in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa: Scenario analysis of investment options. Global Food Security, 20, 114-121.
  13. Garrett, J.L. & Ruel, M.T. (1999). Are determinants of rural and urban food security and nutritional status different? Some insights from Mozambique. World Development, 27(11), 1955-1975.
  14. Gemini, D., Amini, A., Ghadermarzi, H. & Tavakoli, J. (2016). Measuring food security and its determinants in rural areas (Case study of farmers in the central part of Ravansar city, Kermanshah province). Geography and Regional Development, 14(2), 246-225. [In Persian]
  15. Gemini, D., Amini, A., Ghadermarzi, H. & Tavakoli, J. (2017). Food security and its consequences in rural areas case study: Ravansar city. Space Geography, 27(24), 113-130. [In Persian]
  16. Ghadiri Masoom, M., Cheraghi, M. & Rezvani, M.R. (2016). The effects of urban and rural economic relations on food security of rural households case: Zanjan city. Space Economy and Rural Development, 4(4), 69-85. [In Persian]
  17. Gryseels, G. (1988). The role of livestock in the generation of smallholder farm income in two Vertisol areas of the central Ethiopian highlands. Management of Vertisols in sub-Saharan Africa. Proceedings of a conference held at the International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  18. Herrero, M., Grace, D., Njuki, J., Johnson, N., Enahoro, D., Silvestri, S. & Rufino, M. C. (2013). The roles of livestock in developing countries. Animal, 7(s1), 3-18.
  19. Hirpa, A. & Abebe, G. (2008). Economic Significance of Sheep and Goats. Sheep and Goat Production Handbook for Ethiopia. Branna Printing Enterprise. Addis Ababa, 2-24.
  20. Iran Statistics Center, (2016), the results of the general population and housing census, https://www.amar.org.ir. (Received at: 15 July 2020). [In Persian]
  21. Jin, M. & Iannotti, L.L. (2014). Livestock production, animal source food intake, and young child growth: The role of gender for ensuring nutrition impacts. Social Science & Medicine, 105, 16-21.
  22. Jodlowski, M., Winter-Nelson, A., Baylis, K. & Goldsmith, P.D. (2016). Milk in the data: Food security impacts from a livestock field experiment in Zambia. World development, 77, 99-114.
  23. Kariuki, J. (2019). Gender and livestock. Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability, 3, 481-487.
  24. Kariuki, J., Njuki, J., Mburu, S. & Waithanji, E. (2013). Women, livestock ownership and food security. Available at: https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/27919/WomenLivestockOwnershipFoodSec.pdf?sequence=1
  25. Kimetrica International Limited. (2009). Food Security Guidelines RSB Version 1.0.
  26. Kristjanson, P., Waters-Bayer, A., Johnson, N., Tipilda, A., Njuki, J., Baltenweck, I. & MacMillan, S. (2014). Livestock and women’s livelihoods. Gender in Agriculture. The Netherlands (Dordrecht): Springer and FAO.
  27. Meinzen-Dick, R.S., Johnson, N.L., Quisumbing, A.R., Njuki, J., Behrman, J., Rubin, D., Peterman, A. & Waithanji, E.M. (2011). Gender, assets, and agricultural development programs: A conceptual framework. CAPRi Working Paper. https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/12520/capriwp99.pdf?sequence=2
  28. Motiee Langroudi, S.H., Souri, F. & Cheraghi, M. (2016). Sustainability analysis of the relationship between family exploitation system and food security in rural areas of Ghani Bigloo village, Zanjan. Human Geography Research, 48(1), 197- 209. [In Persian]
  29. Obuoyo, J.A., Ochola, C.O. & Ogindo, H. (2016). Livestock for household food security-A case study of small-scale mixed farmers in semi-arid Nyakach, Kenya. International Journal of Livestock Research, 6(1), 57-67. doi:10.5455/ijlr.20151129022328
  30. Otte, J., Costales, A., Dijkman, J., Pica-Ciamarra, U., Robinson, T., Ahuja, V., Ly, C. & Roland-Holst, D. (2012). Livestock Sector Development for Poverty Reduction: An Economic and Policy Perspective Livestock Many Virtues. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome. https://catalog.library.ksu.edu.sa/Gov/3656288.pdf
  31. Owolade, E., Oyesola, O., Yekinni, O. & Popoola, M. (2013). Determinants of food security among rural livestock farmers in southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 17(2), 147-181.
  32. Rezvani, M.R. & Sanaei Moghadam, S. (2019). The role of rural-urban links in food security of rural households in Dehdasht East, Dehdasht. Space Economics and Rural Development, 8(1), 39-64. [In Persian]
  33. Rufino, M.C., Thornton, P.K., Mutie, I., Jones, P., Van Wijk, M. & Herrero, M. (2013). Transitions in agro-pastoralist systems of East Africa: Impacts on food security and poverty. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 179, 215-230.
  34. Saadi, H., Azizi, M. & Azami, M. (2014). Extension education and food security of farming households (Case study: Qorveh county). Iranian Journal of Economics and Agricultural Research, 45(3), 483-499. [In Persian]
  35. Saini, A., Singn, S. & Patel, R.K. (1989). Credit management through dairying, Financing Agriculture, 21, 6-10.
  36. Sinn, R., Ketzis, J. & Chen, T. (1999). The role of woman in the sheep and goat sector. Small Ruminant Research, 34(3), 259-269.
  37. Staal, S., Poole, J., Baltenweck, I., Mwacharo, J., Notenbaert, A., Randolph, T., Thorpe, W., Nzuma, J. & Herrero, M. (2009). Targeting strategic investment in livestock development as a vehicle for improving rural livelihoods. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation- ILRI Knowledge Generation Project Report. Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI.
  38. Teymouri Koohsar, Z., Khosravani, F., Azizpour Fard, F. & Farhadian, H. (2017). Explaining the behavior of farmers in Galikesh using the approach of sustainability and food security. Agricultural Economics Research, 9(3), 267-282. [In Persian]
  39. Upton, M. (2004). The role of livestock in economic development and poverty reduction. PPLPI Working Papers23783, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative.
    doi: 10.22004/ag.econ.23783
  40. World Bank. (2009). Minding the stock: Bringing public policy to bear on livestock sector development.  Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group.
  41. Wodajo, H.D., Gemeda, B.A., Kinati, W., Mulem, A.A., Van Eerdewijk, A. & Wieland, B. (2020). Contribution of small ruminants to food security for Ethiopian smallholder farmers. Small Ruminant Research, 184, 106064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106064
  42. Zanjan Province Agricultural Jahad Organization, (2018), Data related to agricultural zones, (Received at: 15 July 2020). [In Persian]
 

آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 399
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 158


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب