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تأثیر کاربرد کودهای آلی بر صفات کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 38، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 114، دی 1401، صفحه 669-680 اصل مقاله (695.79 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.357546.3125 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید عزیزی بالابیگلو1؛ امیر رحیمی* 2؛ سعید حیدرزاده3؛ رقیه حلقومی4؛ ایرج عطلایی5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 3دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 4دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 5کارشناس، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای بررسی واکنش برخی از ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) به کودهای آلی تحت تنش کم‌آبی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال زراعی 98-1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کود آلی در پنج سطح (شاهد، کود گاوی (20 تن در هکتار)، کود مرغی (7 تن در هکتار)، ورمی‌کمپوست (10 تن در هکتار) و کمپوست (15 تن در هکتار)) و رطوبت خاک در سه سطح (50 (تنش شدید)، 70 (تنش ملایم) و90 (شاهد: بدون تنش) درصد رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی) بودند. تنش کم‌آبی باعث کاهش محتوی فسفر و پتاسیم برگ، ترکیب‌های فنل و فلاونوئید برگ و محتوای رطوبت نسبی برگ و افزایش عملکرد اسانس برگ در مرحله گلدهی کامل شد. بیشترین مقدار اسانس (1.58%) در شرایط تنش ملایم مشاهده شد. کود مرغی و ورمی‌کمپوست تأثیر معنی‌دار در افزایش میزان نیتروژن، پروتئین و درصد مهار رادیکال DPPH برگ در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی نسبت به شرایط بدون تنش داشت. حداکثر عملکرد مربوط به اسانس (32.34 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، وزن خشک ساقه (852.53 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، وزن خشک برگ (1010.40 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و وزن خشک اندام هوایی (1863.93 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار کود مرغی تحت شرایط آبیاری مطلوب حاصل شد. بنابراین به‌منظور افزایش عملکرد گیاه، استفاده از کودهای آلی در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی در راستای نیل به کشاورزی پایدار، توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| عناصر غذایی؛ کشاورزی پایدار؛ ورمی‌کمپوست | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of organic fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative traits of Mentha piperita L. under low water stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Azizi Balabiglou1؛ A. Rahimi2؛ S. Heydarzadeh3؛ R. Holgoumi4؛ I. Ataei5 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student, Department of Plant Production Engineering and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Production and Genetics Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 3Ph.D. graduate, Department of Plant Production Engineering and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 4Ph.D. graduate, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 5Agricultural Research and Training Center and Natural Resources of Ardabil Province (Moghan), Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To investigate the response of some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) to organic fertilizers under low water stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture of Urmia University in 2017-2018 crop year. Experimental treatments included organic fertilizer at five levels (control, cattle manure (20 ton ha-1), poultry manure (7 ton ha-1), vermicompost (10 ton ha-1), and compost (15 ton ha-1)) and soil moisture at three levels (50 (severe stress), 70 (moderate stress), and 90% (control: without stress) of field capacity). Low water stress decreased the content of leaf phosphorus or potassium, leaf phenols or flavonoids, and leaf relative water content and increased the leaf essential oil yield at full flowering stage. The highest amount of essential oil (1.58%) was observed under moderate stress conditions. Poultry manure and vermicompost significantly increased the amount of nitrogen, protein, and percentage of DPPH radical scavenging of leaves under low water stress compared to without stress conditions. The highest yield of essential oil (32.34 kg ha-1), stem dry weight (852.53 kg ha-1), leaf dry weight (1010.40 kg ha-1), and aerial parts dry weight (1863.93 kg ha-1) was obtained in the poultry manure treatment under optimal irrigation. Overall, organic fertilizers application under low water stress could be recommended to increase the plant yield and achieve sustainable agriculture. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Nutrients, Sustainable Agriculture, Vermicompost | ||
| مراجع | ||
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