| تعداد نشریات | 287 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 85 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,159 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,108 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,536,212 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,484,026 |
اثر کاربرد کود زیستی مایکوروت بر کمّیت و کیفیت اسانس Thymus vulgaris L. در کشت مخلوط با Cicer arietinum L. | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 38، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 112، تیر 1401، صفحه 218-239 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.356575.3088 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدیه احمدوند1؛ عبدالله جوانمرد* 2؛ محمد حقانی نیا3؛ محمدرضا مرشدلو4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکترای اگروتکنولوژی- اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سیستمهای کشت مخلوط و کاربرد کودهای زیستی نقش بسزایی در بهبود کمّیت و کیفیت محصولات دارند. در این راستا، پژوهشی برای ارزیابی اثر کود زیستی مایکوروت بر صفات کمّی و کیفی آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) در کشت مخلوط با نخود زراعی (Cicer arietinum L.)، بهصورت طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه در سال زراعی 1399 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل کشت خالص آویشن، کشت خالص آویشن تلقیح شده با قارچ، کشت خالص نخود، کشت خالص نخود تلقیح شده با قارچ، کشت مخلوط یک ردیف نخود + یک ردیف آویشن (1:1)، الگوی کشت 1:1 تلقیح شده با قارچ، کشت دو ردیف نخود + یک ردیف آویشن (2:1) و الگوی کشت 2:1 تلقیح شده با قارچ بودند. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (751.4 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (1645.6 کیلوگرم در هکتار) نخود در کشت خالص نخود با کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا حاصل شد که تفاوت معنیداری با تیمار 2:1 با مصرف میکوریزا نداشت. علاوهبراین، بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک آویشن (189.47 گرم در مترمربع) نیز به کشت خالص با کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا تعلق داشت. همچنین، بیشترین درصد (1.69%) و عملکرد اسانس (3.31 گرم در مترمربع) در الگوی کشت مخلوط 1:1 تلقیح شده با قارچ میکوریزا در چین اول بدست آمد. براساس آنالیز شیمیایی اسانس تیمول، گاما-ترپینن و پارا-سیمن ترکیبهای غالب اسانس بودند. بیشترین درصد تیمول و گاما-ترپینن در الگوی کشت مخلوط 1:1 تلقیح شده با میکوریزا حاصل شد. همچنین بیشترین مقادیر شاخصهای زراعی (نسبت برابری زمین، نسبت برابر سطح زیرکشت و زمان، نسبت برابر سطح برداشت و کارایی استفاده از زمین) و شاخصهای اقتصادی (سودمندی کشت، سودمندی اقتصادی کشت مخلوط و شاخص بهرهوری سیستم) بهترتیب در الگوهای کشت 2:1 و 1:1 همراه با کاربرد کود زیستی مایکوروت بدست آمد. بهطور کلی نتایج نشان داد که کود زیستی مایکوروت در کشت مخلوط بهویژه در الگوی کشت 1:1 به بهبود کمّیت و کیفیت اسانس آویشن باغی منجر شد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تیمول؛ کشاورزی پایدار؛ کود زیستی؛ درصد اسانس؛ عملکرد دانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of Myco-Root biofertilizer application on quantity and quality of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil in intercropping with Cicer arietinum L. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Ahmadvand1؛ A. Javanmard2؛ M. Haghaninia3؛ M.R. Morshedloo4 | ||
| 1- M.Sc. student of Agroecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 3Ph.D. student of Agrotechnology-Crop Ecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Intercropping systems and biofertilizers application play an important role in improving the quantity and quality of plant products. In this regard, to evaluate the effects of Myco-Root biofertilizer on the quantitative and qualitative traits of Thymus vulgaris L. in intercropping with Cicer arietinum L., an experiment was carried out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) at the faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh during 2020 growing season. Treatments included thyme sole culture, thyme sole culture inoculated with Myco-Root, chickpea sole culture, chickpea sole culture inoculated with Myco-Root, intercropping of one row chickpea+one row thyme (1:1), planting pattern of 1:1 inoculated with Myco-Root, intercropping of two rows chickpea+one row thyme (2:1), and planting pattern of 2:1 inoculated with Myco-Root. The results demonstrated that the highest seed (751.40 kg.ha-1) and biological (1645.6 kg.ha-1) yields of chickpea were obtained in the chickpea monoculture inoculated with Myco-Root, which was not significantly different from planting pattern of 2:1 inoculated with Myco-Root. Moreover, the highest dry matter yield of thyme (189.47 g.m-2) was achieved in the sole culture with application of mycorrhizal fungus. Also, the highest percentage (1.69) and essential oil yield (3.31 g.m-2) of thyme was obtained in planting pattern of 1:1 with application of mycorrhizal fungus in first harvest. Thymol, γ-terpinene, and p-cymene were recognized as the main essential oil compounds. The highest percentage of thymol and γ-terpinene was obtained in planting pattern of 1:1 inoculated with mycorrhizal fungus. Also, the highest agronomical (land equivalent ratio, area harvest equivalent ratio, area time equivalent ratio, and land use efficiency) and economic (intercropping advantage, monetary advantage index, and system productivity index) indices were achieved in the intercropping ratio of 2:1 and 1:1 with application of Myco-Root biofertilizer, respectively. In general, the results showed that the Myco-Root biofertilizer application in intercropping, especially the planting pattern of 1:1, could improve the quantity and quality of thyme essential oil. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Thymol, sustainable agriculture, biofertilizer, essential oil percentage, seed yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Adams, R.P., 2007. Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Allured Publishing Corporation Carol Stream, IL, 804p. - Agegnehu, G., Ghizam, A. and Sinebo, W., 2006. Yield performance and land-use efficiency of barley and faba bean mixed cropping in Ethiopian highlands. European Journal of Agronomy, 25: 202-207. - Almeida, D.J., Alberton, O., Otênio, J.K. and Carrenho, R., 2020. Growth of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) and production of essential oil stimulated by arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Rhizosphere, 15: 100208. - Amani Machiani, M., Javanmard, A., Ostadi, A., Morshedloo, M. and Chabokpour, J., 2021. Effects of harvest time and mycorrhiza fungus application on quantitative and qualitative yield of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil at different irrigation levels. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 36(6): 1022-1037. - Amiri, A., Ramrodi, M., Galavi, M. and Rafiee, M., 2021. Ecophysiological investigation of intercropping of maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under the influence of biofertilizers. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 14(4): 535-550. - Asadi, S., Rezaei-Chiyaneh, E. and Amirnia, R., 2019. Effect of planting pattern and fertilizer source on agronomic characteristics of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in intercroppng under rainfed conditions. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 21(1): 16-30. - Assis, R.M.A., Carneiro, J.J., Medeiros, A.P.R., de Carvalho, A.A., da Cunha Honorato, A., Carneiro, M.A.C., Bertolucci, S.K.V. and Pinto, J.E.B.P., 2020. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and organic manure enhance growth and accumulation of citral, total phenols, and flavonoids in Melissa officinalis L. Industrial Crops and Products, 158: 112981. - Begum, N., Ahanger, M.A. and Zhang, L., 2020. AMF inoculation and phosphorus supplementation - Duchene, O., Vian, J.F. and Celette, F., 2017. Intercropping with legume for agroecological cropping systems: Complementarity and facilitation processes and the importance of soil microorganisms. A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 240: 148-161. - Dusa, E.M. and Stan, V., 2013. The effect of intercropping on crop productivity and yield quality of oat grain leguminous species pea and lentil cultivated in pure stand and mixtures in the organic agriculture system. European Scientific Journal, 21: 69-78. - Erman, M., Demir, S., Ocak, E., Tufenkçi, S., Oguz, F. and Akkopru, A., 2011. Effects of rhizobium, arbuscular mycorrhiza and whey applications on some properties in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions 1-yield, yield components, nodulation and AMF colonization. Field Crops Research, 122(1): 14-24. - Fallah, S., kakolvand, R. and AbbasiSurki, A., 2018. The competition effects of fenugreek and black cumin plants on yield and yield components under drought stress. Journal of Plant Production Research, 25(2): 35-51. - Farhadian Asgarabadi, K. and Eisvand, H.R., 2017. Effects of mycorrhiza and superabsorbent on root morphological characteristics and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under rainfed conditions. Journal of Crop Production, 10(2): 61-73. - Gao, Y., Duan, A., Qiu, X., Liu, Z., Suna, J., Zhang, J. and Wang, H., 2010. Distribution of roots and root length density in a maize/soybean strip intercropping system. Agricultural Water Management, 98: 199-212. - Gheidarlouei, S., Khademian, R. and Mafakheri, S., 2020. Response of Anethum graveolens L. to mycorrhiza symbiosis at different salinity levels. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 36(2): 329-347. - Gitari, H.I., Nyawade, S.O., Kamau, S., Karanja, N.N., Gachene, C.K., Raza, M.A., Maitra, S. and Schulte-Geldermann, E., 2020. Revisiting intercropping indices with respect to potato-legume intercropping systems. Field Crops Research, 258: 107957. - Golubkina, N., Logvinenko, L., Novitsky, M., Zamana, S., Sokolov, S., Molchanova, A., Shevchuk, O., Sekara, A., Tallarita, A. and Caruso, G., 2020. Yield, essential oil and quality performances of Artemisia dracunculus, Hyssopus officinalis and Lavandula angustifolia as affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under organic management. Plants, 9: 1-16. - Gong, X., Ferdinand, U., Dang, K., Li, J., Chen, G., Luo, Y., Yang, P. and Feng, B., 2020. Boosting proso millet yield by altering canopy light distribution in proso millet/mung bean intercropping systems. The Crop Journal, 8(2): 365-377. - Haghaninia, M., Javanmard, A. and Mollaaliabasiyan, S., 2018. Evaluation of forage yield and quality and advantages of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)- grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) intercropping using mycorrhiza. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 28(3): 221-242. - Hamzei, J. and Davoudian, R., 2019. Evaluarion of agrophysiological indices and yield performance in canola/chickpea intercropping. Journal of Agroecology, 11(1): 245-259. - Hosseini, S. and Hamzei, J., 2021. Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative yield of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. in conditions of intercropping with bean in Hamedan region. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 36(6): 923-946. - Javanmard, A., Sadre Karimi, E., Amani Machiani, M., Morshedloo, M. and Ostadi, A., 2020. Effect of symbiosis with mychorrizal fungus (Funneliformis mosseae) on yield and yield component of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietnium L.) in intercropping. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 30(4): 19-43. - Jiang, T., Liu, J., Gao, Y., Sun, Z., Chen, S., Yao, N., Ma, H., Feng, H., Yu, Q. and He, J., 2020. Simulation of plant height of winter wheat under soil Water stress using modified growth functions. Agricultural Water Management, 232: 1-12. - Kapoor, R., Anand, G., Gupta, P. and Mandal, S., 2017. Insight into the mechanisms of enhanced production of valuable terpenoids by arbuscular mycorrhiza. Phytochemistry Reviews, 16(4): 677-692. - Kaur, R. and Prasad, K., 2021. Technological, processing and nutritional aspects of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)-A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 109: 448-463. - Khalediyan, N., Weisany, W. and Schenk, P.M., 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizae and rhizobacteria improve growth, nutritional status and essential oil production in Ocimum basilicum and Satureja hortensis. Industrial Crops and Products, 160: 113163. - Kothe, E. and Turnau, K., 2018. Mycorrhizosphere communication: mycorrhizal fungi and endophytic fungus- plant interactions. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9: 3015. - Laranjeira, S., Fernandes-Silva, A., Reis, S., Torcato, C., Raimundo, F., Ferreira, L., Carnide, V. and Marques, G., 2021. Inoculation of plant growth promoting bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve chickpea performance under water deficit conditions. Applied Soil Ecology, 164: 103927. - Li, J., Xie, R., Wang, K., Ming, B., Guo, Y. and Zhang, G., 2015. Variations in maize dry matter, harvest index, and grain yield with plant density. Agronomy Journal, 107(3): 829-834. - Liu, X., Rahman, T., Song, C., Su, B., Yang, F., Yong, T., Wu, Y., Zhang, C. and Yang, W., 2017. Changes in light environment, morphology, growth and yield of soybean in maize-soybean intercropping systems. Field Crops Research, 200: 38-46. - Madawala, H.M.S.P., 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as biofertilizers: current trends, challenges, and future prospects. Biofertilizers, 1: 83-93. - Mandal, S., Upadhyay, S., Wajid, S., Ram, M., Jain, D.C., Singh, V.P., Abdin, M.K. and Kapoor, R., 2015. Arbuscular mycorrhiza increase artemisinin accumulation in Artemisia annua by higher expression of key biosynthesis genes via enhanced jasmonic acid levels. Mycorrhiza, 25(5): 345- 357. - Merlin, E., Melato, E., Lourenço, E.L.B., Jacomassi, E., Junior, A.G., da Cruz, R.M.S., Otênio, J.K., da Silva, C. and Alberton, O., 2020. Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus addition increase coarse mint (Plectranthus amboinicus Lour.) plant growth and essential oil content. Rhizosphere, 15: 100217. - Mohammadi, H. and Rezaei-Chiyaneh, E., 2019. Effect of vermicompost application on seed yield and quality in fababean (Vicia faba L.) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) intercropping. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 21(2): 139-154. - Mohammadi, S., Sefidkon, F., Asadi-Sanam, S. and Kalatejari, S., 2021. Effects of nutritional treatments on morphological characteristics and essential oil yield of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 37(2): 193-213. - Morshedloo, M.R., Maggi, F., Neko, H.T. and Aghdam, M.S., 2018. Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) fruit: essential oil variability in iranian populations. Industrial Crops and Products, 111: 1-7. - Naghizadeh, M. and Moradi, R., 2021. Study on the radiation use efficiency and quantitative and qualitative yield in lavender and chamomile additive intercropping under the influence of cow manure and chemical fertilizer. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 37(1): 13-29. - Oliviero, M., Romilde, I., Beatrice, M.M., Matteo, V., Giovanna, N., Consuelo, A., Claudio, C., Giorgio, S., Filippo, M. and Massimo, N., 2016. Evaluations of thyme extract effects in human normal bronchial and tracheal epithelial cell lines and in human lung cancer cell line. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 256: 125-133. - Ormeno, E. and Fernandez, C., 2012. Effect of soil nutrient on production and diversity of volatile terpenoids from plants. Current Bioactive Compounds, 8(1): 71-79. - Raza, M.A., Gul, H., Wang, J., Yasin, H.S., Qin, R., Khalid, M.H.B., Naeem, M., Feng, L.Y., Iqbal, N., Gitari, H. and Ahmad, S., 2021. Land productivity and water use efficiency of maize-soybean strip intercropping systems in semi-arid areas: a case study in Punjab province, Pakistan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 308: 127282. - Rehman, R. and Asif Hanif, M., 2016. biosynthetic factories of essential oils: the aromatic plants. Natural Products Chemistry and Research, 4(4): 1000227. - Roozpeikar, Z., Jowkar, M., Taei-Semiromi, J. and Parsa Motlagh, B., 2020. Effect of additive intercropping system on yield, yield components and efficiency indices of Hyssopus officinalis and Plantago ovate Forsk. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 30(4): 1-17. - Semba, R.D., Ramsing, R., Rahman, N., Kraemer, K. and Bloem, M.W., 2021. Legumes as a sustainable source of protein in human diets. Global Food Security, 28: 100520. - Seyed Sharifi, R. and Seyed Sharifi, R., 2020. Effects of starter nitrogen, methanol and bio fertilizers. application on yield, nodulation and grain filling period of rainfed lentil. Journal of Crops Improvement, 22(3): 445-460. - Sharma, A., Bajaj, P., Bhandari, A. and Kaur, G, 2020. From ayurvedic folk medicine to preclinical neurotherapeutic role of a miraculous herb, Tinospora cordifolia. Neurochemistry International, 141: 104891. - Shmeit, Y.H., Fernandez, E., Novy, P., Kloucek, P., Orosz, M. and Kokoska, L., 2020. Autopolyploidy effect on morphological variation and essential oil content in Thymus vulgaris L. Scientia Horticulturae, 263: 109095. - Singh, M., Singh, U.B., Ram, M., Yadav, A. and Chanotiya., C.S., 2013. Biomass yield, essential oil yield and quality of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.) as influenced by intercropping with garlic (Allium sativum L.) under subtropical and temperate climate of India. Industrial Crops and Products, 46: 234-237. - Thokchom, S.D., Gupta, S. and Kapoor, R., 2020. Arbuscular mycorrhiza augments essential oil composition and antioxidant properties of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.-A popular green tea additive. Industrial Crops and Products, 153: 112418. - Urcoviche, R.C., Gazim, Z.C., Dragunski, D.C., Barcellos, F.G. and Alberton, O., 2015. Plant growth and essential oil content of Mentha crispa inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under different levels of phosphorus. Industrial Crops and Products, 67: 103-107. - Varma, A., Prasad, R. and Tuteja, N., 2018. Mycorrhiza Nutrient Uptake, Biocontrol, Ecorestoration. Springer, 533p. - Weisany, W., Tahir, N.A.R. and Schenk, P.M., 2021. Coriander/soybean intercropping and mycorrhizae application lead to overyielding and changes in essential oil profiles. European Journal of Agronomy, 126: 126283. - Yang, F., Huang, S., Gao, R., Liu, W., Yong, T., Wang, X., Wu, X. and Yang, W., 2014. Growth of soybean seedlings in relay strip intercropping systems in relation to light quantity and red: far-red ratio. Field Crops Research, 155: 245-253. - Yilmaz, S., Ozel, A., Atak, M. and Erayman, M., 2015. Effects of seeding rates on competition indices of barley and vetch intercropping systems in the eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 39: 135-143. - Zhang, R., Mu, Y., Li, X., Li, S., Sang, P., Wang, X., Wu, H. and Xu, N., 2020. Response of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and community in maize and soybean rhizosphere soil and roots to intercropping systems with different nitrogen application rates. Science of the Total Environment, 740: 139810. - Zhou, T., Wang, L., Sun, X., Wang, X., Pu, T., Yang, H., Rengel, Z., Liu, W. and Yang, W., 2021. Improved post-silking light interception increases yield and P-use efficiency of maize in maize/soybean relay strip intercropping. Field Crops Research, 262: 108054. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,829 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 586 |
||