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بررسی ارزش تغذیه‌ای سیلاژ مخلوط کاکتوس علوفه‌ای-یونجه توسط تکنیک تولید گاز و تاثیر مدت زمان سیلو کردن بر کیفیت آن در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 133، اسفند 1400، صفحه 59-72 اصل مقاله (1.69 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2021.353458.2124 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه نورالهی1؛ رضا طهماسبی2؛ امید دیانی* 3؛ امین خضری2 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد تغذیه دام، بخش مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار تغذیه دام، دانشکده کشاورزی، بخش مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران. | ||
| 3استاد تغذیه دام، دانشکده کشاورزی، بخش مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش با هدف تعیین میزان تولید گاز کاکتوس علوفه‌ای، یونجه خشک و سیلاژ مخلوط کاکتوس علوفه-ای-یونجه انجام شد، سپس تاثیر مدت زمان سیلو‌کردن بر خصوصیات کیفی و ارزش تغذیه‌ای سیلاژ مخلوط کاکتوس علوفه‌ای-یونجه در روز‌های 30، 45 و 60 پس از تهیه سیلاژ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور پس از خرد کردن علوفه‌ها، کاکتوس علوفه‌ای به‌مقدار 66 درصد و یونجه خشک به‌مقدار 34 درصد (بر اساس ماده خشک) کاملا مخلوط و در بسته‌های پلاستیکی دو لایه فشرده شد. داده‌ها در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. حجم گاز تولیدی از کاکتوس علوفه‌ای، یونجه و سیلاژ مخلوط کاکتوس علوفه‌ای-یونجه به‌طور معنی-داری متفاوت بود (05/0P<). ماده‌آلی قابل هضم کاکتوس علوفه‌ای (67 درصد) بیشتر از یونجه خشک و سیلاژ مخلوط کاکتوس-یونجه بود (05/0P<). هم‌چنین انرژی متابولیسمی و انرژی خالص شیردهی یونجه خشک (به-ترتیب 04/2-18/1) بیشتر از دو علوفه دیگر به‌دست آمد (05/0P<). pH سیلاژ 45 و 60 روز پس از سیلو کردن افزایش یافت (05/0P<). کم‌ترین درصد پروتئین خام و بالاترین غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی در سیلاژ 60 روز پس از سیلو کردن مشاهده شد (05/0P<). غلظت اسید لاکتیک و نقطه فلیگ سیلاژ با افزایش مدت زمان سیلو کردن کاهش پیدا کرد (05/0P<). غلظت اسید‌های چرب اولئیک (cisC18:1)، لینولئیک (cisC18:2) و لینولنیک (C18:3) در سیلاژ 30 روز پس از سیلو کردن بیشترین بودند (05/0P<). بنابراین می‌توان از کاکتوس علوفه‌ای به-شکل سیلاژ همراه با منابع پروتئین خام و فیبر خام به‌منظور بهبود کیفیت سیلاژ، برای جبران کمبود خوراک دام در مناطق گرم‌و‌خشک بهره برد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسید‌های چرب؛ انرژی متابولیسمی؛ خصوصیات تخمیر؛ ماده‌آلی قابل‌هضم؛ مناطق گرم‌و‌خشک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Survey of the nutrition value cactus (Opuntia ficus indica)-alfalfa mixed silage using gas production and effect of ensiling duration on its quality in ruminant nutrition | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Norolahi1؛ Reza Tahmasbi2؛ Omid Dayani3؛ Amin Khezri2 | ||
| 11Msc Graduate of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran | ||
| 2Reza Tahmasbi (PhD) Associate Professor Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study, first, the gas production content of spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus indica), alfalfa hay and spineless cactus-alfalfa silage were determined, then the effect of ensiling time on silage quality characteristics and nutritional value in day 30, 45, and 60 were examined. To prepare silage, the spineless cactus (66 %) was chopped and mixed with alfalfa (34 %) and ensiled in plastic bags. The collected data were analyzed in a completely randomized design with five replications. The gas production volume (ml) was significant difference among cactus, alfalfa hay, and cactus-alfalfa silage (P<0.05). The pH of the silage increased during ensiling on day 45 and 60 (P<0.05). Also, the lowest crude protein percentage and the highest ammonia nitrogen concentration were observed after ensiling for 60 days (P<0.05). The concentration of lactic acid and fleig point decreased after ensiling for 60 days (P<0.05). The concentration of oleic (cisC18:1), linoleic (cisC18:2) and linolenic fatty acids were highest on day 30 (P<0.05). The spineless cactus has a good digestible organic matter and its cultivation can be considered as an alternative feed. The high carbohydrates in spineless cactus improved the fermentation conditions and mixing it with alfalfa hay improved the quality of silage, so that the index of relative value of silage in all sampling periods was estimated to be favorable. Therefore, ensiling of cactus with a source of protein and fiber can be used to compensate for the lack of animal feed in hot and dry areas. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fatty acids, Metabolisable energy, Fermentation Characteristics, Digestible organic matter, Hot and dry areas | ||
| مراجع | ||
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