Comparison of richness, diversity, and evenness of soil macrofauna in growing and dormant seasons in Amygdalus scoparia Spach stand of the Geno protected area, Iran | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| Article 6, Volume 29, Issue 2 - Serial Number 84, September 2021, Pages 175-164 PDF (1.08 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research article | ||
| DOI: 10.22092/ijfpr.2021.354014.1993 | ||
| Authors | ||
| M. Banifatemeh1; H. Parvaresh* 2; M. Moslehi3; S. Ghasemi4; A. Bagheri5 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate of Biodiversity, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbass Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbass, Iran | ||
| 2Corresponding author, Assistant Prof., Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbass Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbass, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandar Abbas, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Prof., Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Bandar Abbass Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbass, Iran | ||
| 5Assistant Prof., Plant Protection Research Department, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandar Abbas, Iran | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The aim of this study was to compare the richness, diversity, and evenness of soil macrofauna and the factors affecting it during the growing and dormant seasons in Amygdlus scoparia Spach stand in the protected area of Geno located in Hormozgan province, Iran. After the selection of a half-hectare stand of Amygdalus scoparia in the Geno protected area, 10 soil samples were randomly collected in the depth of 15 cm, under the crown of trees in growing and dormant seasons in order to measure physiochemical characteristics and identify soil macrofauna and their relations. After macrofauna separation, samples were transferred to the laboratory for physiochemical analysis. All variables were compared across two seasons using T-Test analysis (p <0.05) and the correlation of variables was analyzed using Pearson correlation (p <0.01). The results showed that all soil properties (nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and temperature) except electrical conduction and soil acidity in the growing season were significantly higher than those in dormant season. The frequency and biomass of macrofauna in the growing season were 1060 in m2 and 5.9 mg.m-2, respectively, comapred to 90 in m2 and 0.7 mg.m-2 obtained for dormant seasons. Further, the indices of Margalef, Menhinick, Simpson, Shannon and Waever, and evenness Pielou and Hill in growing season (2.55, 2.15, 0.79, 1.77, 0.89, and 0.93) were significantly higher than those in dormant season (0.23, 0.53, 0.09, 0.13, 0.49, and 0.19, respectively). Soil macrofauna frequency along with biodiversity, richness, and Pielou evenness indices showed positive and significant correlations with organic carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen and soil temperature. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Diversity; growth season; soil macrofauna | ||
| References | ||
|
- Asgari, H.R., 2013. The Importance of Soil Organic Matter: Key to Drought-Resistant Soil and Sustained Food Production (translation). Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 238p (In Persian). - Bayranvand, M. and Kooch, Y., 2016. The effect of broad-leaved tree species on abundance and diversity of earthworms in the flat forest ecosystem. Journal of Soil Biology, 4(1): 15-27 (In Persian). - Black, C.A., 1965. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part I: Physical and Mineralogical Properties, Including Statistics of Measurement and Sampling, Vol. 9. American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, 770p. - Blouin, M., Hodson, M.E., Delgado, E.A., Baker, G., Brussaard, L., Butt, K.R., … and Brun, J.J., 2013. A review of earthworm impact on soil function and ecosystem services. European Journal of Soil Science, 64(2): 161-182. - Bongers, T. and Bongers, M., 1998. Functional diversity of nematodes. Applied Soil Ecology, 10(3): 239-251. - Borror, D.J., Triplehorn, C.A. and Johnson, N.F., 1989. An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 6th Edition. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 875p. - Ghorbanzadeh, N., Pourbabaei, H., Salehi, A., Soltani Tolarood, A.A. and Alavi, S.J., 2018. Investigation of microbial diversity and soil microorganisms in softwood and hardwood plantations in the west of Guilan province. Applied Soil Research, 6(3): 1-12 (In Persian). - Hill, M.O., 1973. Diversity and evenness: A unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology, 54(2): 427-432. - Jeddi, K. and Chaieb, M., 20102. Changes in soil properties and vegetation following livestock grazing exclusion in degraded arid environments of South Tunisia. Flora- Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 205(3): 184-189. - Kalu, S., Koirala, M. and Khadaka, U.R., 2015. Earthworm population in relation to different land use and soil characteristics. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment, 7(5): 124-131. - Kheiri, M., Habashi, H., Vaezmoosavi, S.M. and Moghimian, N., 2012. Effects of canopy gap on soil macrofauna in mixed beech stand (Case study in Shast- Kalate forest). Human and Environment, 10(1): 101-107 (In Persian). - Kooch, Y. and Zoghi, Z., 2014. Comparison of soil fertility of Acer insigne, Quercus castaneifolia, and Pinus brutia stands in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 20(5): 899-905. - Le Bayon, R.C. and Milleret, R., 2009. Effects of earthworms on phosphorus dynamics – A review. Dynamic Soil, Dynamic Plant, 3(2): 21-27. - Li, Q., Liang, W., Jiang, Y., Shi, Y., Zhu, J. and Neher, D.A., 2007. Effect of elevated CO2 and N fertilisation on soil nematode abundance and diversity in a wheat field. Applied Soil Ecology, 36(1): 63-69. - Margalef, D.R., 1957. La teoría de la información en Ecología. Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona, 32(13): 373-449 (In Spanish). - Mathieu, J., Grimaldi, M., Jouquet, P., Rouland, C., Lavelle, P., Desjardins, T. and Rossi, J.P., 2009. Spatial patterns of grasses influence soil macrofauna biodiversity in Amazonian pastures. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41(3): 586-593. - Mehrafrooz Mayvan, M. and Shayanmehr, M., 2013. Investigation of diversity and changes in the populations of soil arthropod macrofauna (Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Isopoda and Aranae) during different seasons in Semeskandeh forest soil. Proceedings of Second National Conference on Environmental Conservation and Planning. Hamedan, Iran, 15 Aug. 2013: 9p (In Persian). - Menhinick, E.F., 1964. A comparison of some species-individuals diversity indices applied to samples of field insects. Ecology, 45(4): 859-861. - Moghimian, N. and Kooch, Y., 2013. The effect some of physiographic factors and soil physico-chemical features of hornbeam forest ecosystem on earthworms biomass. Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology, 20(2): 1-21 (In Persian). - Mohammadi, R., Salehi, A. and Pourreza, M., 2018. The abundance and biodiversity of soil macrofauna in outside and inside of coppice shoots of Persian oak (Quercus persica) in Zagros coppice forests. Journal of Soil Biology, 6(1): 55-65 (In Persian). - Nahmani, J., Capowiez, Y. and Lavelle, P., 2005. Effects of metal pollution on soil macroinvertebrate burrow systems. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 42(1): 31-39. - Pielou, E.C., 1975. Ecological Diversity. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 165p. - Rahmani, R. and Mayvan, H.Z., 2004. Diversity and assemblage structure of soil invertebrates in beech, hornbeam and oak-hornbeam forest type. Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 56(4): 425-437 (In Persian). - Rasouli-Sadaghiani, M.H., Ejlali, S. and Ashrafi Saeidlou, S., 2015. The effects of Eisenia foetida activity and different organic residues on some soil chemical properties and corn growth indicators. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 19(73): 113-123 (In Persian). - Ribeiro, C., Madeira, M. and Araújo, M.C., 2002. Decomposition and nutrient release from leaf litter of Eucalyptus globulus grown under different water and nutrient regimes. Forest Ecology and Management, 171(1-2): 31-41. - Sayad, E., Hosseini, S.M., Hosseini, V., Jalali, S.G. and Shooshtari, M.S., 2010. Effect of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Acacia salicina and Dalbergia sissoo plantation on soil macrofauna. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 17(4): 560-567 (In - Shannon, C.E. and Weaver, W., 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois, 117p - Simpson, E.H., 1949. Measurement of dversity. Nature, 163: 688-688. - Soltanipoor, M.A., 2005. Medicinal plants of the Geno protected area. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 18(3): 27-37 (In Persian). - USDA, 1994. Keys to Soil Taxonomy by Soil Survey Staff, Sixth Edition. United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service, Washington, D.C., 306p. - Vazquez, E., Teutscherova, N., Lojka, B., Arango, J. and Pulleman, M., 2020. Pasture diversification affects soil macrofauna and soil biophysical properties in tropical (silvo)pastoral systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 302: 107083. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 1,083 PDF Download: 567 |
||
Journal management system. designed by sinaweb