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بررسی اثر بیوچار پوسته برنج و رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری بر رشد، درصد اسانس و غلظت برخی عناصر غذایی در نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 37، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 109، آذر و دی 1400، صفحه 733-752 اصل مقاله (985.62 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2021.354663.2994 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| انیس کوشکی1؛ افسانه عالی نژادیان بیدآبادی* 2؛ عباس ملکی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیک و حفاظت خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد بیوچار پوسته برنج بر ویژگی‌های مختلف فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی (وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، ارتفاع گیاه، درصد و عملکرد اسانس، و محتوی کلروفیل‌ها، کاروتنوئیدها، نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم) نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سطوح مختلف بیوچار (صفر، 3 و 6 تن در هکتار) و آبیاری (100% آبیاری کامل (شاهد)، 60، 80 و 120 درصد آبیاری کامل) با چهار تکرار در آبان سال 1398 به‌صورت گلدانی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین وزن تر اندام هوایی تیمارهای 3 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 120% آبیاری کامل (24.2 گرم در گلدان) و 3 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 60% آبیاری کامل (13.3 گرم در گلدان) مشاهده گردید. در سطح 60% آبیاری کامل، وزن خشک، ارتفاع، عملکرد اسانس، غلظت نیتروژن و فسفر اندام هوایی گیاه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 39.8، 33.3، 26.2، 17.2 و 8.7 درصد کاهش معنی‌داری نشان داد؛ در حالی‌که درصد اسانس و غلظت پتاسیم اندام هوایی روند افزایشی داشت. با اعمال تنش آبی، مقدار کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئیدها کاهش یافت. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل کل در تیمار 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 100% آبیاری کامل مشاهده شد. کاربرد 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار سبب افزایش معنی‌دار وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، ارتفاع گیاه، درصد و عملکرد اسانس، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و غلظت عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم اندام هوایی در مقایسه با تیمار عدم کاربرد بیوچار گردید. یافته‌ها نشان داد که بیشتر ویژگی‌های بررسی شده در تیمار 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار + 120% آبیاری کامل افزایش یافتند. هرچند با توجه به اهمیت نعناع فلفلی از جنبه تولید اسانس، بیشترین درصد اسانس در بالاترین سطح تنش آبی حاصل شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیوچار؛ کم آبیاری؛ عملکرد اسانس؛ ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی؛ کاروتنوئید | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of rice husk biochar and different irrigation regimes on growth, essential oil percentage, and concentration of some nutrients in peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Koushki1؛ A. Alinejadian-Bidabadi2؛ A. Maleki3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student of Soil Physics and Soil Conservation, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran | ||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Soil Science Department, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran | ||
| 3Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Water Engineering Department, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To investigate the effects of rice husk biochar application on the various physiological and biochemical characteristics (fresh and aerial parts dry weight, plant height, percentage and essential oil yield,and content of chlorophylls, carotenoids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under different irrigation regimes, a factorial pot experiment with different levels of biochar (0, 3, and 6 t.ha-1) and irrigation (100% of full irrigation (control), 60, 80, and 120% of full irrigation) was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in the research greenhouse of Lorestan University in 2019. The results showed that the highest and lowest of aerial parts fresh weight were obtained in the 3 t.ha-1 biochar + 120% of full irrigation (24.2 g.pot-1) and 3 t.ha-1 biochar + 60% of full irrigation (13.3 g.pot-1) treatments, respectively. At the 60% of full irrigation level, the dry weight, height, essential oil yield, and N and P concentration of the plant aerial parts significantly decreased by 39.8, 33.3, 26.2, 17.2, and 8.7%, respectively compared to the control; while the essential oil percentage and K concentration of aerial parts had an increasing trend. The amount of a, b, and total chlorophyll, and carotenoids decreased under the water stress conditions. The highest amount of total chlorophyll was observed in the 6 t.ha-1 biochar + 100% of full irrigation treatment. The application of 6 t.ha-1 biochar increased the fresh and aerial parts dry weight, plant height, percentage and essential oil yield, photosynthetic pigments, and N, P, and K concentration of aerial parts compared to the no biochar application, significantly. The results showed that the 6 t.ha-1 biochar + 120% of full irrigation treatment increased most of the traits studied. However, due to the importance of peppermint in terms of essential oil production, the highest essential oil percentage was obtained at the highest level of water stress. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biochar, deficit irrigation, essential oil yield, physiological characteristics, carotenoids | ||
| مراجع | ||
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