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مطالعه تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپهای گل محمدی (Rosa damascena Mill) ایران با روشهای آماری چند متغیره | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| دوره 28، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 56، اسفند 1399، صفحه 236-251 اصل مقاله (996 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2019.126851.1345 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بایزید یوسفی* 1؛ سید رضا طبایی عقدایی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار، ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، سنندج. پست الکترونیک: bayzidyousefi@yahoo.com | ||
| 2استاد پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات زیست فناوری، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی گونه مهم معطر و دارویی گلمحمدی (Rosa damascena)، 38 ژنوتیپ این گونه برای بررسی تنوع صفات فنولوژیکی و مورفولوژیکی (دوره گلدهی، ارتفاع پایه، قطر تاج پوشش گیاه، تعداد برگ در پایه، سطح کل سبز گیاه، تعداد گل در پایه، متوسط وزن تر و درصد ماده خشک گل و عملکرد گل در پایه) در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طی سالهای 87- 1383 در نهالستان تحقیقاتی زاله سنندج ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بین ژنوتیپها از لحاظ صفات مورد بررسی اختلاف معنیدار (1%≤ p) وجود داشت. میانگین کل عملکرد گل تازه 4/2427 گرم در پایه و ژنوتیپهای متعلق به نواحی معتدله، سردسیری و مرطوب کشور نسبت به ژنوتیپهای با منشأ مناطق گرم و خشک عملکرد گل کمتری داشتند. عملکرد گل با ارتفاع و قطرتاج، تعداد برگ و سطح سبز پایه و تعداد گل در پایه همبستگی مثبت و معنیدار (01/0≥p ) نشان داد. برازش رگرسیون گام به گام نشان داد که تعداد و وزن گل در جهت مثبت و سطح سبز گیاه و دوره گلدهی در جهت منفی اجزاء اصلی عملکرد گل بودند. گروه‌بندی تجزیه خوشهای (CA)، با تفکیک بر مبنای عملکرد گل و خصوصیات مناطق منشأ ژنوتیپها مطابقت نسبی داشت. نتایج تجزیه به مؤلفههای اصلی (PCA) با نتایج CA مطابقت بالایی نشان داد اما تفکیک ژنوتیپی در تجزیه PCA واضح‌تر بود. نتیجه کلی این تحقیق و تجزیههای CA و PCA بر وجود تنوع ژنتیکی غنی بین ژنوتیپها از لحاظ صفات فنولوژیکی و مورفولوژیکی و امکان استفاده از این تنوع در اصلاح گلمحمدی مانند بهبود عملکرد گل از طریق گزینشهای مستقیم و غیرمستقیم (از طریق اجزاء عملکرد گل) و یا هیبریداسیون ژنوتیپهای با فاصله ژنتیکی دورتر به‌منظور استفاده از هتروزیس بالاتر دلالت داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تجزیه به مؤلفههای اصلی؛ تجزیه خوشهای؛ رگرسیون گام به گام؛ ضریب همبستگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study of genetic variation of Rosa damascena Mill. genotypes of Iran using multivariate statistical methods | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| B. Yousefi1؛ S.R. Tabaei Aghdaei2 | ||
| 1Assoc. Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sanandaj, I.R. Iran. E mail: bayzidyousefi@yahoo.com | ||
| 2Prof., Biotechnology Research Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, .I.R. Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To evaluate the genetic variation of Rosa damascena as an important aromatic and medicinal species, 38 genotypes of this species were studied for the diversity of phenological and morphological traits (flowering period, plant height, canopy diameter, number of leaves at the plant, total green area of the plant, number of flowers per plant, fresh weight and percentage of dry matter content of flowers and flower yield per plant) in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Zalleh Research Station of Sanandaj, Iran during 2004-2008. The results showed significant differences (p < /em>≤ 0.01) among the genotypes, in terms of the studied traits. The average total yield of fresh flowers was 2427.4 g/plant. The genotypes belonging to temperate and cool areas had lower flower yields than those originated from hot and dry areas. Flower yield showed a significant and positive correlation with the crown height and diameter, the number of leaves, total green surface, and the number of flowers per plant (p ≤ 0.01). The results of stepwise regression showed that the flower weight and number positively, while the total green surface and flowering period negatively correlated with flower yield. The results of cluster analysis (CA) grouping were relatively consistent with segregation based on the flower yield and characteristics of genotypes origin areas. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed high consistency with the CA results, but the genotypic separation in PCA method was clearer. The overall results of this study along with CA and PCA analyzes showed considerable rich genetic variation among the genotypes in terms of phenological and morphological traits and the possibility of using this diversity in Iranian Damask rose breeding such as improving flower yield through direct and indirect selections (through flower yield components) or hybridization of genotypes with a greater genetic distance for the use of higher heterosis. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cluster analysis, Correlation Coefficient, Principal Component Analysis, Stepwise Regression | ||
| مراجع | ||
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