| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,975 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,408 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,903,383 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,405,462 |
اثر عصاره نانوکپسوله چاودار(Secale cereale L.) بر مولفه‌های جوانه‌زنی علف‌های هرز سس (Cuscuta campestris Y.(dodder)) و خرفه Portulaca oleracea L.)) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 10، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 21، فروردین 1400، صفحه 1-15 اصل مقاله (1.15 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsst.2019.127613.1291 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهرنوش جدیدی1؛ مرجان دیانت* 2؛ اسا ابراهیمی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2هیات علمی دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی-واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران | ||
| 3استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| جایگزین کردن علف‌کش‌های بیولوژیکی به جای علف‌کش‌های شیمیایی نه تنها اثرات سوء زیست محیطی را نداشته بلکه دارای مزیت زیست تخریب‌پذیری نیز می‌باشد. در این پژوهش عصاره چاودار (Secale cereale L.) در پلیمر زیست‌سازگار کیتوزان/آلژینات کپسوله و اثرات آن به همراه عصاره نانو کپسوله نشده روی خرفه Portulaca oleracea L.))، سس(Cuscuta campestris Y.(dodder)) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. عصاره حاصل از اندام هوایی و ریشه در غلظت های مختلف (0، 25/6 ، 5/12 ، 25، 50 و 100 درصد) بر صفات درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول و وزن تر ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که ذرات نسبتاً کروی با سطح صاف و دربردارنده عصاره بودند که اندازه ذرات نمونه عصاره نانو شده ساقه و ریشه به ترتیب بین 113 تا 350 نانومتر و بین 4/71 تا 129 نانومتر بود. عصاره نانو شده اندام هوایی و ریشه با غلظت‌های 25، 50 و 100 درصد درصد جوانه‌زنی بذر سس را به صفر رساندند. بیشترین میزان جوانه‌زنی بذر خرفه مربوط به تیمار شاهد با میانگین 26/78 درصد بود که با سایر سطوح تیماری تفاوت معنی‌داری داشت. عصاره نانو اندام هوایی و ریشه با غلظت‌های 25، 50 و 100 درصد موجب بازداری کامل از جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه خرفه شدند که با سایر سطوح تیماری تفاوت معنی‌داری داشتند. با افزایش غلظت عصاره چاودار درصد بازدارندگی صفات مورد بررسی افزایش یافت و نانو کپسوله کردن باعث افزایش اثر اللوپاتیک عصاره چاودار شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پتانسیل زتا؛ شاخص پراکندگی؛ کیتوزان؛ نانوکپسول | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of nanocapsulated of rye (Secale cereale L.) extracts on germination components of dodder (Cuscuta campestris Y.(dodder)) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehrnoosh Jadidi1؛ Asa Ebrahimi3؛ | ||
| 1M. Sc Student, Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor , Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Replacing biological herbicides instead of chemical herbicides has not only had adverse environmental effects but also has the advantage of biodegradability. In this study, the effect of rye extract in biocompatible polymer chitosan / alginate nanocapsule with non nonocapsulated extract on dodder and purslane were investigated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement. Extracts of shoot and root were evaluated at different concentrations (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100%) on germination percentage, germination rate, radicle and plumule length, radicle and plumule fresh weight. The results showed that the particles were relatively spherical with a smooth surface and the shoot and root extracts had particle sizes of 113 and 350 nm and 71.4 to 129 nm, respectively. Nano-extract of shoot and root reduced germination of sauces seed to zero at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100%. The highest germination percentage of purslane seed belonged to control treatment (78.26%) which was significantly different from other treatments. Shoot and root nano extracts caused complete inhibition of purslane seed germination at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100%, which were significantly different from other treatments. Increasing concentration of rye extract increased the inhibition percentage of studied traits and nanocapsulation increased allelopathic effect of rye extract. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chitosan, Nanocapsule, Polydispersity index, Zeta potential | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abd El Azim, W.M., and M.A. Balah. 2016. Nanoemulsions formation from essential oil of Thymus capitatus and Majorana hortensis and their use in weed control. Indian J. Weed Sci. 48:421-427. Ahmet, C., A. Tulay, M. Ebru and A. Adnan. 2009. Antifungal and herbicidal proprties of essential oils and hexane extract of Achillea gypsicola Hub-Mor. and Achillea biebersteinii Afan. Ind Crop Prod. 29: 562-570. Alam, A., A.S. Juraimi, M.Y. Rafii., A. Abdul Hamid, and F. Aslani. 2014. Screening of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) accessions for high salt tolerance. Sci World J. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/627916 Amri, I., L. Hamrouni, M. Hanana, and B. Jamoussi. 2013. Review on phytotoxic effects of essential oil and their individual components: news approach for weeds management. Int. J. Appl. Biol. Pharm. Technol. 4: 96–114. Babaei, S., H. Alizadeh., I. Nosrati., M. Diyanat andZ. Farokhi. 2011. Evaluation of Allelopathic Effects of Rye (Secale cereale L.) Extract on several weed seed species properties. IJFCS. 42:475-483. (In Persian). Barnes, J.P., and A. R. Putnam. 1983. Rye residues contribute weed suppression in no-tillage cropping systems. J. Chem. Ecol. 9: 1045-1057. Burgos, R., R.E. Talbert, K.S. Kimand and Y.I. Kuk. 2004. Growth inhibition and root ultastrycture of Cucumber seedling exposed to allelochemical from rye. J. Chem. Ecol. 30: 671- 689. Burke, I.C., and J.L. Bell. 2014. Plant health management: herbicides. Encycl. Agric. Food Syst. 4: 425–440. Chinnamuthu, C. R., and P. M. Boopathi. 2009. Nanotechnology and agroecosystem. Madras Agric J. 96:17-31. Chauhan, B.S., and D.E. Johnson. 2009. Seed germination ecology of Portulaca oleracea L.: an important weed of rice and upland crops. Ann. Appl. Biol. 155: 61-69. Creamer, N.G., M.A. Bennett, B.R. Stinner, J. Cardina, and E.E. Regnier. 1996. Mechanisms of weed suppression in cover crop-based production systems. Hortic. Sci. 31: 410-413. Dayan, F.E., and S.O Duke. 2014. Natural compounds as next generation herbicides. Plant Physiol. 166: 1090–1105. Diyanat, M., H. Saeidian, S. Baziar, and Z. Mirjafary. 2019. Preparation and characterization of polycaprolactone nanocapsules containing pretilachlor as a herbicide nanocarrier. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 26: 21579–21588. El-Khatib, A.A., A.K. Hegazy, and H.K. Galal. 2004. Does allelopathy have a role in the ecology of Chenopodium murale? Ann. Bot. Fennici. 41: 37-45 Ephrem, E., H. Greige-Gerges., H. Fessi, and C. Charcosset. 2014. Optimisation of rosemary oil encapsulation in polycaprolactone and scale-up of the process. J. Microencapsul. 31: 746–753 Green, J. M., and G.B. Beestman. 2007. Recently patented and commercialized formulation and adjuvant technology. Crop Prot. 26:320-327. Hazrati, H., M.J. Saharkhiz., M. Niakousari, and M. Moein. 2017. Natural herbicide activity of Satureja hortensis L. essential oil nanoemulsion on the seed germination and morphophysiological features of two important weed species. Ecotox Environ. Safe. 142: 423–430 Inderjit, and E.T. Nilsen. 2003. Bioassays and field studies for allelopathy in terrestrial plants: progress and problems. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 22: 221-238. Ismail, B.S., and T.V. Chong. 2002. Effects of aqueous extracts and decomposition of Mikania micrantha HBK debris on selected agronomic crops. Weed Bio. Man. 2(1): 31-38. Jayasuriya, K.M.G.G., J.M Baskin, R.L. Geneve, C.C. Baskin, and C.T Chien. 2008. Physical dormancy in seeds of the holoparasitic angiosperm Cuscuta australis (Convolvulaceae, Cuscuteae): dormancy breaking requirements, anatomy of the water gap and sensitivity cycling. Annl Bot. 102: 39-48. Kil, B.S., D.M. Han, C.H. Lee, Y.S. Kim, K.Y. Yun, and H.G. Yoo. 2000. Allelopathic effects of Artemisia lavandulaefolia. Korean J. Ecol. 23:149-155. Kohli, R.K., H.P. Singh, and D.R. Batish. 2001. Allelopathy in agroecosystems, CRC Press, NewYork. Koloren, O. 2007. Allelopathic Effects of Medicago sativa L. and Jicia cracca L. Pakistan J. Biol Sci. 10:1639-1642. Liebel, R., F.W. Simmons, L.M. Wax, and E.W. Stoller. 1992. Effect of rye (Secale cereale L.) much on weed control and soil moisture in soybean (Glycine Max). Weed Technol. 6: 838-848 Maighany, F. 2003. Allelopathy: From concept to application. Parto – vege Press, Tehran. Malkomes, H.P. 2006. Microbiological-ecotoxicological soil investigations of two herbicidal fatty acid preparations used with high dosages in weed control. UWSF-Z Umweltchem Ökotox. 18: 13-20. Mighani, F. 2003. Allelopathy from principals to application. Pertoenagheh Publication. Mohanraj, V.J., and Y. Chen. 2006. Nanoparticles-a review. Trop. J. Pharm Res. 5: 561–573. Moretti, M. D. L., G. Sanna-Passino, S. Demontis, and F. Bazzoni. 2002. Essential oil formulation useful as a new tool for insect pest control. Pharm Sci. Technol. 3: 1-11 Niemeyer, H.M. 1988. Hydroxamic acids (4-hydroxy-1, 4-benzoxazin-3-ones), defence chemicals in the Gramineae. Phytochem. 27: 3349-3358. Ohno, K., T. Minami, Y. Matsui, and Y. Magara. 2008. Effects of chlorine on organophosphorus pesticides adsorbed on activated carbon: Desorption and oxon formation. Water Res. 42: 1753-1759. Pérez‐de‐Luque, A., and D. Rubiales. 2009. Nanotechnology for parasitic plant control. Pest Man Sci: 65: 540-545. Peterson, J., and A. Rover. 2005. Comparison of sugar beet cropping systems with dead and living mulch using a glyphosate-resistant hybrid. J Agro Crop Sci. 191: 55-63. Rafiee, A., M.H. Alimohammadian, T. Gazori, F. Riazi-rad, M.R. Fatemi, A. Parizadeh, I. Haririan, and M. Havaskary, 2014. Comparison of chitosan, alginate and chitosan/alginate nanoparticles with respect to their size, stability, toxicity and transfection. Asian Pac. J. Trop Dis. 4: 372-377. Sarić-Krsmanović, M., D. Božić, D. Pavlović, L. Radivojević, and S. Vrbničanin. 2013. Temperature Effects on Cuscutacampestris Yunk. Seed Germination Pestic. Phytomed. 28: 187–193 Schaffazick, S.R., S.S.U Guterres., L.D. Freitas, and A.R. Pohlmann. 2003. Physicochemical characterization and stability of the polymeric nanoparticle systems for drug administration. Quim Nova. 26: 726–737 Shilling, D.G., R.A. Liebl, and A.D. Worsham. 1985. Rye and wheat mulch: the suppression of certain broadleaved weeds and the isolation and identification of phytotoxins. Pp 243–271. In A.C. Thompson(ed.). The Chemistry of Allelopathy: Biochemical Interactions among Plants. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. Singh, H.P., and D.R. Batish, and R.K. Kohli. 2006. Allelopathic Interactions and Allelochemicals: New Possibilities for Sustainable Weed Management. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 22: 239- 311. Weston, L.A. 1996. Utilization of allelopathy for weed management in agroecosystems. Agron. J. 88: 860-866. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 492 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 386 |
||