| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,208 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,560 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 53,008,671 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 92,291,759 |
تاثیر رقابت تاج خروس ریشه قرمز و تاتوره بر ساختار تاج پوشش ذرت و سویا در کشت مخلوط | ||
| دانش علفهای هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 5، شماره 2، اسفند 1388، صفحه 39-53 اصل مقاله (390.17 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مجید آقا علیخانی* 1؛ فائزه زعفریان2؛ اسکندر زند3؛ حمید رحیمیان مشهدی4؛ محمد رضوانی5 | ||
| 1دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 2کارشناسی ارشد | ||
| 3محقق | ||
| 4استاد دانشگاه | ||
| 5دکتری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Corn and Soybean Intercropping Canopy Structure as Affected by Competition from Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retrofelxus L.) and Jimson Weed (Datura srtramonium L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| majed aghaalikhani1؛ faeize zaefarian2؛ eskandar zand3؛ hamid rahimian mashadi4؛ mohammad rezvani5 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to determine the role of plant leaf area in radiation distribution within the canopy and a better understanding of how crops and weeds intercept light a study of the complexity of plants is necessary. The effect of intercropping on leaf area distribution and dry matter accumulation in corn, soybean and weeds canopy was studied in a field experiment at a research field of Tehran University (Karaj campus), during 2007 growing season. Treatments were arranged in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. The treatments were five different mixing ratios of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) including 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100 (corn/soybean). Crops were planted at four levels of weed infestations, including weed free, infested to redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L., AMRET), infested to jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L., DASTR) and mixed stands of both weeds species (DASTR+AMRET). Results showed that in weed free corn pure stand, 30.36% of the maximum leaf area was distributed in 90-120 cm layer, but when corn was grown with jimsonweed or infested with both weed species (DASTR+AMRET), the maximum leaf area were established in the upper layer. Soybean weed free monoculture produced 34.66% of its total biomass in the layer of 30-60 cm, but contaminated soybean with DASTR+AMRET, allocated 32.97% of its biomass in the 60-90 cm layer. In this treatment DASTR had also its maximum biomass (49.54%) in the 120-150 cm layer. Soybean canopy in monoculture couldn’t compete with weeds and was suppressed, but intercropped soybean with the corn especially in 50%: 50% mixing ratio, suppressed the weeds successfully. Therefore we can concluded that complementarily effect of corn/soybean intercropping created better condition for optimum utilization of solar radiation to successfully suppress weeds and maintain crop production | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| canopy structure, leaf area distribution, legume/cereal intercropping | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Aerts, R. 1999. Interspesific competition in natural plant communities: Mechanisms, trade-offs and plant-soil feedbacks. Journal of Experimental Botany 50:29-37. Akey, W. C., Jurrik, T. W. and Dekker. 1990. Competition for light between a velvetleaf (Abutillon theopharesti) and soybean (Glycine max). Weed Research 30:403-411. Banik, P. and Bagchi, D. K. 1994. Evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa) and legume intercropping in upland situation of Bihar plateau. Indian Journal of Agriculture Science. 64: 364–368. Banik, P., Midya, A., Sarkar, B. K. and Ghose, S. S. 2006. Wheat and chickpea intercropping systems in an additive series experiment: Advantages and weed smothering. European Journal of Agronomy 24: 325–332. Boedhram, N., Arkebauer, T. J. and Batchelor, W. D. 2001. Season-Long Characterization of Vertical Distribution of Leaf Area in Corn. Agronomy Journal 93:1235–1242. Boquet, D. J. 1990. Plant population density and row spacing effects on soybean at post-optimal planting dates. Agronomy Journal 82:59–64. Carruthers, K., Cloutier, Fe. and Smith, D. L. 1998. Intercropping corn with soybean, lupin and forages: weed control by intercrops combined with interrow cultivation. European journal of Agronomy 8:225-238. Cavero, J. Zaragoza, C., Suso, M. L. and Pardo, A. 1999. Competition between maize and Datura sramonium in an irrigated field under semi-arid conditions. Weed Research 39:225-240. Egbo, C. U., Adagba, M. A. and Adedzwa, D. K. 2004. Responses of soybean genotypes to intercropping with maize in the Southern Gulinea Savanna, Nigeria. Acta Agronomica Hungarica 52:157-163. Foroutan-pour, K., Dutilleul, P. and Smith, D. 1999. Soybean canopy development as Affected by population density and intercropping with corn: Fractal Analysis in Comparison with Other Quantitative Approaches. Crop Science 39:1784–1791. Fortin, M. C., Culley, J. and Edwards, M. 1994. Soil water, plant growth, and yield of strip-intercropping corn. Journal of Production Agriculture 7:63–69. Fortin, M. C. and Pierce, F. J. 1996. Leaf azimuth in strip – intercropped corn. Agronomy Journal 88:6-9. Graham, P. L., Steiner, J. L. and Weiese, A. F. 1988. Light absorption and competition in mixed sorghum-pigweed communities. Agronomy Journal. 80:415-418. Hayder, G., Mumtaz, S. S., Khan, A. and Khan, S. 2003. Maize and soybean intercropping under various levels of soybean seed rates. Asian Journal of Plant Science. 2: 339-341. Holt, J. S. 1995. Plant responses to light: a potential tool for weed management. Weed Science 43:474–482. Holt, J. S., Orcutt, D.R. 1991. Functional relationships of growth and competitiveness in perennial weeds and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. Vol. 39: p.575-584. Jeyabal, A. and Kuppuswamy, G. 2001. Recycling of organic wastes for the production of vermicompost and its response in rice–legume cropping system and soil fertility. European Journal of Agronomy 15: 153–170. Li, L., Sun, J., Zhang, F., Li, X., Yang, S. and Rengel, Z. (2001). Wheat/maize or wheat/soybean strip intercropping, I. Yield advantage and inter specific interactions on nutrients. Field Crops Research. 71: 123-137. Maingi, M. J., Shisanya, A.C., Gitonga, M. N. and Hornetz, B. 2001. Nitrogen fixation by common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in pure and mixed stands in semi arid South east Kenya. European of Journal of Agronomy 14: 1–12. Massinga, R. A., Currie, R. S. and Trooien, T. P. 2003. Water use and light interception under Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and corn competition. Weed Science 51:523–531. McLachlan, S. M., Tollenaar, M., Swanton, C. J. and Weise, S. F. 1993. Effect of corn induced shading on dry matter accumulation, distribution, and architecture of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Science 41:568–573. Morris, R. A. and Garrity, D. P. (1993). Resource capture and utilization in intercropping: non-nitrogen nutrients. Field Crops Research.34: 303-317. Mosier, D. G. and Oliver, L. 1995. Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumonium) and Entireleaf Morningglory (Ipomea hederacea var. integriuscula) interference on soybean (Glycine max). Weed Science 43:239-246. Niklas, K. J. and Enquist, B. J. 2002. On the vegetative biomass partitioning of seed plant leaves, stems, and roots. American Naturalist 159:482–497. Parvez, A. Q., Gardner, F. P. and Boote, K. J. 1989. Determinate- and indeterminate-type soybean cultivar responses to pattern, density, and planting date. Crop Science. 29:150–157. Rajcan, I. and Swanton, C. I. 2001. Understanding maize-weed competition: resource competition, light quality and whole plant. Field crop Research. 71:139-150. Regnier, E. E., Salvucci, M. E. and Stoller, E. W. 1988. Photosynthesis and growth responses to irradiance in soybean (Glycine max) and three broadleaf weeds. Weed Science 36:487-496. Schwinning, S, Weiner, J. 1998. Mechanisms determining the degree of size asymmetry in competition among plants. Oecologia 113:447–455. Sivakumar, M. V. K. and Virmani, S. M. 1984. Crop productivity in relation to interception of photosynthetically active radiation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 31:131–241. Stoller, E. W. and Wooley, J. T. 1985. Competition for light by broadleaf weeds in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Science 33:199-202. Tackenberg, O. 2007. A New Method for non-destructive measurement of biomass, growth rates, vertical biomass distribution and dry matter content based on digital image analysis. Annals of Botany 99: 777–783. Valentinuz, O. R. and Tollenaar, M. 2006. Effect of genotype, nitrogen, plant density, and row spacing on the area-per-leaf profile in maize. Agronomy Journal 98:94–99. West, G. B., Brown, J. H. and Enquist, B. J. 1999. A general model for the structure and allometry of plant vascular systems. Nature 400: 664–667. Wiles, L. J. and Wilkerson, G. G. 1991. Modeling competition for light between soybean and broad leaf weeds. Agriculture System 35:37–51. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,227 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,896 |
||