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یاراحمدی, جمشید, رستمی‌زاد, قباد, رفیعی, مالک, مهرورزمغانلو, کریم. (1399). ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی در تامین آب آبیاری درختان پسته. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12(4), 900-912. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2020.125785.1634
جمشید یاراحمدی; قباد رستمی‌زاد; مالک رفیعی; کریم مهرورزمغانلو. "ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی در تامین آب آبیاری درختان پسته". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12, 4, 1399, 900-912. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2020.125785.1634
یاراحمدی, جمشید, رستمی‌زاد, قباد, رفیعی, مالک, مهرورزمغانلو, کریم. (1399). 'ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی در تامین آب آبیاری درختان پسته', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12(4), pp. 900-912. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2020.125785.1634
یاراحمدی, جمشید, رستمی‌زاد, قباد, رفیعی, مالک, مهرورزمغانلو, کریم. ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی در تامین آب آبیاری درختان پسته. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1399; 12(4): 900-912. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2020.125785.1634

ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی در تامین آب آبیاری درختان پسته

مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز
مقاله 3، دوره 12، شماره 4، دی 1399، صفحه 900-912    اصل مقاله (1.1 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijwmse.2020.125785.1634
نویسندگان
جمشید یاراحمدی* 1؛ قباد رستمی‌زاد2؛ مالک رفیعی3؛ کریم مهرورزمغانلو3
1استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران
2استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران
3کارشناس محقق بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران
چکیده
از آنجائی که بیشترین آب مصرفی مربوط به بخش کشاورزی است، منابع آب قابل دسترس به­‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌­خشک عامل اصلی محدود­کننده تولیدات کشاورزی است. لذا، در صورت استحصال نزولات جوی و اعمال مدیریت صحیح آن، می­توان بخشی از کمبود منابع آب در مناطق یاد­شده را جبران کرد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، انتخاب مناسب‌ترین سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی بر اساس سامانه تصمیم‌­گیری چند­معیاره به روش تحلیل سلسله­‌مراتبی (AHP) و بررسی کارایی آن در تامین آب مورد نیاز باغات پسته بوده است. نتایج تحلیل AHP نشان داد، معیار اثرات زیست­‌محیطی با وزن 0.342 و معیار ماندگاری با وزن 0.284 به‌­ترتیب بیشترین میزان تاثیرگذاری موثرترین معیار در انتخاب بهترین سطح آبگیر بودند. سرانجام، سامانه آبگیر با سطح عایق ژئوممبران با وزن 0.371، به­‌عنوان مناسب­ترین سطح آبگیر انتخاب شده، سامانه‌­های آبگیر با سطوح عایق پلاستیک و ایزوگام به‌­ترتیب با وزن 0.350 و 0.279 در اولویت­‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. همچنین، نتایج حاصله نشان داد که از سطح آبگیر در مساحت 800 متر مربع و بارش متوسط سالانه 300 میلی­‌متر، پتانسیل استحصال 200 متر مکعب آب در سال وجود دارد. با این حجم آب استحصالی و انتخاب روش آبیاری قطره­ای همراه با فیلتر سنگریزه­ای، آب آبیاری سالانه 200 درخت پسته بارور در طول یک فصل زراعی تامین خواهد شد. بنابراین، با  استحصال نزولات جوی بخشی از آب مورد نیاز باغات در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک تامین شده و ضمن حفظ پایداری تولید و افزایش درآمد باغداران، از فشار مضاعف بر منابع آب سطحی و زیرزمینی نیز کاسته خواهد شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سطح عایق ایزوگام؛ سطح عایق پلاستیک؛ سطح عایق ژئوممبران؛ سطوح آبگیر؛ تحلیل سلسله مراتبی
عنوان مقاله [English]
Evaluation of different water harvesting surface effects for providing of pistachio trees irrigation water demand
نویسندگان [English]
Jamshid Yarahmadi1؛ Ghobad Rostamizad2؛ Malek Rafieai3؛ Karim Mehrvarz3
1Assistant Professor of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
2Assistant Professor of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Zanjan, Iran
3Researcher expert of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]
Since the most consumed water is in the agricultural sector, available water resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, are the main limiting factor for agricultural production. Therefore, by rain water harvesting systems and its proper management, it is possible to compensate part of water shortage in the mentioned region. The purpose of this study was to select the most suitable rain water harvesting techniques based on multi-criteria decision-making system using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and investigation of its effectiveness in supplying the water demand of pistachio gardens. The results of the AHP analysis indicated that the environmental impact criterion with a weight of 0.342 and permanency criterion with a weight of 0.284 were the most effective criteria for selecting of the best rain water harvesting system. Finally, the rain water harvesting system with geomembrane insulator with a weight of 0.371 was selected as the most suitable insulator cover, and two other rain water harvesting systems with plastic and isogam insulator were weighted with the weight of 0.350 and 0.279, respectively in the following priorities. Also, the results showed that from the insulated surface with an area of 800 m2 and an average annual rainfall of 300 mm, it is possible to harvest at least 200 m3 rainwater per year. With this volume of harvested water and the choice of drip irrigation with gravel filter, the annual irrigation water demand of 200 fruitful pistachio trees will be supplied during a crop season. Therefore, due to rainwater harvesting techniques, some parts of irrigation water demands of gardens will be provided in arid and semi-arid regions, as well as maintaining sustainability of production and increasing gardeners' revenues, the double pressure on surface water and underground water will also be reduced.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Analytic Hierarchy Process, Geomembrane insulator, Isogam insulator, Plastic insulator, Water harvesting surface
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