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بهینه سازی مکانیزاسیون حمل و نقل اولیۀ چوب در جنگلهای هیرکانی بر اساس اهداف چندگانه (زیست محیطی، اقتصادی، عملکرد، ارگونومیک) | ||
| تحقیقات سامانه‌ها و مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 20، شماره 73، اسفند 1398، صفحه 19-34 اصل مقاله (1.14 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/erams.2018.120981.1244 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد حجازیان* 1؛ مجید لطفعلیان2؛ سلیمان محمدی لیمایی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری/دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری- دانشکده منابع طبیعی | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه جنگلداری،دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این مطالعه، به‌منظور تعیین مکانیزاسیون بهینۀ حملونقل اولیه چوب در جنگل های هیرکانی ایران، ماشین‌های فعلی شامل Timberjack 450C، HSM 904، تراکتور کشاورزی و برخی ماشین‌های جدید شامل LKT 81، TAF 690، Vimek 610 و Mowi 650 مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. از روش برنامه ریزی آرمانی که روشی برای بهینه سازی چند هدف، شامل: زیست محیطی، اقتصادی، عملکرد، ارگونومیک است، استفاده شد. نتایج بررسی های اقتصادی نشان میدهد که در حال حاضر برای حمل گرده بینه، اسکیدرهای Timberjack 450C و HSM 904 نسبت به ماشین‌های دیگر هزینه حمل و نقل کمتری دارند و به لحاظ اقتصادی همچنان ماشین‌های مقرون به‌صرفه‌ای هستند. استفاده از تراکتور کشاورزی برای حمل هیزم و کاتین مقرون به‌صرفه نیست و گزینه اقتصادی جایگزین، تریلر Mowi 650 است. با این جایگزینی، هزینه حمل هیزم و کاتین 44 درصد کاهش می‌یابد. نتایج بهینه‌سازی با استفاده از برنامه‌ریزی آرمانی و لحاظ کردن همه هدف ها نشان می دهد که برای حمل گرده بینه و هیزم، اسکیدر LKT 81 و فورواردر Vimek 610 باید جایگزین ماشین های فعلی شود. با این جایگزینی، هزینه حمل برای گرده بینه 15 درصد افزایش و برای هیزم و کاتین 10 درصد کاهش می‌یابد. در حال حاضر مکانیزاسیون حملونقل اولیه چوب در جنگلهای هیرکانی از لحاظ هدفهای چهارگانه این مطالعه، بهینه نیست و نیاز به تغییر دارد. در مدیریت ماشین آلات جنگل، جنبه‌های زیست‌محیطی و ارگونومیک باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برنامه ریزی آرمانی؛ جایگزینی؛ مدیریت ماشین آلات جنگل؛ ماشین‌های فعلی؛ هزینه بهره برداری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Optimization of Primary Wood Transportation Mechanization in Hyrcanian Forests Based on Multiple Objectives (Environmental, Economic, Performance, Ergonomic) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Hejazian1؛ Majid Lotfalian2؛ Soleiman Mohammad Limaei3 | ||
| 1PhD student, Sari agricultural and natural resources university, Faculty of natural resources | ||
| 2Associate professor, faculty of natural resource, Sari agricultural and Natural Resources University, Iran | ||
| 3Associated professor, faculty of natural resource, University of Guilan. Someh Sara, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study, in order to determine the optimal mechanization of the wood primary transportation in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran, current machines including Timberjack 450C, HSM 904 and agricultural tractor and number of new machines including LKT 81, TAF 690, Vimek 610 and Mowi 650 were investigated. The Goal Programming technique, a multi-objective optimization method, including environmental, economic, performance, ergonomics, was used. The results showed that Timberjack 450C and HSM 904 skidders had less log transporting costs compared to other machines, and economically are still cost-effectively machines. For the transporting of firewood, Farm tractor is not cost-effectively and the alternative economic option is Mowi 650 trailer. In the case of replacement, the cost of firewood transporting will decrease by 44%. Optimization results, using goal programming regarding all the goals, have shown that existing machines should be replaced by the LKT 81 skidder and the Vimek 610 forwarder to transport logs and firewoods, respectivlly. With the replacement, the costs of log transporting will increase to 15% and the costs of firewood transporting will decrease to 10%. Currently, the mechanization of wood transportation in Hyrcanian forests is not optimal in terms of quadratic goals and needs to be changed. In the forest machinery management, the environmental and ergonomic aspects should be taken into consideration. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Current Machines, Forest Machinery Management, Goal Programming, Logging Cost, Replacement | ||
| مراجع | ||
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