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پایش مکانی فرسایش تونلی با استفاده از تصاویر هوایی پهپاد در اراضی بادرفت استان گلستان | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 33، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 128، مهر 1399، صفحه 53-69 اصل مقاله (1.3 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2019.127717.1257 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نرگس کریمی نژاد1؛ محسن حسینعلی زاده2؛ حمیدرضا پورقاسمی* 3 | ||
| 1گروه آبخیزداری و مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه آبخیزداری و مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار بخش مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فرسایش تونلی از جمله شکلهای برجسته فرسایش آبی تشدید شونده است که دارای اندرکنشی بسیار شدید با یکدیگر در اراضی بادرفتی شرق استان گلستان است. در این پژوهش سعی بر آن است تا به استفاده از داده هایی با دقت بالا از طریق برداشتهای میدانی و تصاویر پهپاد تأکید ویژه شده، و پس از آن، به بررسی آستانهای عاملهای تأثیرگذار بر فرسایش تونلی اقدام گردد.پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از تصاویر هوایی پهپاد در محدودهای به وسعت تقریبی 2700 هکتار در اراضی بادرفت شرق استان گلستان انجام گرفت، و مناطق تحت تأثیر فرسایش تونلی شناسایی شدند. با توجه به بازدیدهای انجام گشته، موقعیت 833 تونلی با دستگاه موقعیتیاب جهانی و تصاویر تهیه گردیده بهوسیلهی پهپاد ثبت شد. در این تحقیق عامل های پستیوبلندی، آبشناسی و زیستی به عنوان متغیرهای مستقل و فرسایش تونلی به عنوان متغیرهای وابسته تجزیهوتحلیل آماری شدند. تجزیهوتحلیل عاملهای پستیوبلندی نشان داد که حداکثر تراکم تونلیها در ارتفاع بین 350–300 متر، دامنههای شرقی با شیب بیش از 30%، طول شیب کمتر از 5 متر و در نیمرخ طولی و عرضی مقعر به وقوع پیوسته است. در ارتباط با عامل های آبشناسی میتوان اظهار داشت که حداکثر تراکم تونلیها، در حداکثر مقدار عددی شاخص رطوبت پستیوبلندی (بیشتر از 12) و در نزدیکترین فاصله نسبت به آبراهه (کمتر از 100 متر) به وقوع پیوسته است. عاملهای زیستی نیز نشان دادند که حداکثر تراکم تونلیها، در کاربری مرتع، و در مکانهایی یافت میشوند که این رخسارهی فرسایشی به جادهها نزدیکتر است. بنابراین، میتوان پیشنهاد داد که شناسایی رخسارهی فرسایشی تونلی از طریق مشاهدهها و دادههای با دقت بالا صورت گیرد تا منجر به درک بهتر عامل های مؤثر بر رخداد آنها گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| استان گلستان؛ پهپاد؛ فرسایش تونلی؛ نهشتههای بادرفت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Review of Spatial Monitoring of Piping Collapse Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Loess-Derived Soils in the Golestan Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Narges Kariminejad1؛ Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh2؛ Hamid Reza Pourghasemi3 | ||
| 1Dept. of Watershed & Arid Zone Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Dept. of Watershed & Arid Zone Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Piping erosion is an influential landform of intensified water erosion that interact with each other in the loess-derived soilsof the Province of Golestan (NE Iran). This study attempts to emphasize the use of high-precision data through field surveys and UAV images, and then to establish a threshold to study the factors that affect piping erosion. The present study was carried out using photogrammetric drones in an area of approximately 2700 hectares in the loess lands in the east of the Province of Golestan and identified areas affected by piping erosion. A total of 833 pipes were recorded using the GPS and the orthophoto images from the UAV. Topographic, hydrological, and biological factors were treated as independent variables and piping erosion as dependent variables through statistical analyzes. The topographic factors indicated that the maximum density of piping occurred at altitudes of between 300–350 m, at maximum slope of more than 30%, at slope length less than 5m, and in concave tracts and profile curvatures. Regarding the hydrological factors, the maximum piping density occurred at the maximum numerical value of the topographic wetness index (more than 12), and at the closest distance to waterways (less than 100m). Biological factors indicated that the maximum density of pipes is in the rangelands and where this erosional facies is closest to the roads. Therefore, it can be suggested that an accurate identification of the piping erosion is facilated through ground observations aided by high-precision areal photography and understanding causative factors developing them. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Golestan province, Loess-derived soils, Piping, Unmanned aerial vehicle | ||
| مراجع | ||
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