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بررسی ارتباط وضعیت مرتع با تنوع گونهای موجود در هر وضعیت | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 26، شماره 3، مهر 1398، صفحه 613-628 اصل مقاله (1.2 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.120003 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسن اسلامی1؛ جواد معتمدی (ترکان)* 2؛ حبیب نظرنژاد3؛ اسماعیل شیدای کرکج4 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد مرتعداری، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری اردبیل، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2l دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تنوع گونهای، از مشخصههای نشاندهنده تغییرات در مراتع است. در این راستا، ارتباط وضعیت مرتع بهعنوان برآیند اقدامات مدیریتی، با تنوع گونهای، بررسی شد. با آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن و تجزیه واریانس یکطرفه، تغییرات مقادیر شاخص تنوع شانون- وینر تیپهای گیاهی، با وضعیت آنها آزمون شد. سپس با ترسیم منحنیهای رتبه- فراونی و تطبیق مدلهای توزیع فراونی، تیپهای گیاهی با تنوع بالاتر، مشخص و ارتباط آنها با وضعیت مرتع، تفسیر گردید. نتایج نشان داد، شاخص تنوع شانون- وینر با وضعیت مرتع، همبستگی معنیداری ندارد. طبقه وضعیت مرتع نیز بر مقدار تنوع، تاثیر معنیداری ندارد و هر سه طبقه وضعیت (خوب، متوسط، ضعیف) تیپهای گیاهی، از لحاظ شاخص مذکور، در یک گروه آماری قرار گرفتند. بهطورکلی، روند مشخصی بین وضعیت مرتع و مقدار تنوع، مشاهده نشد. نتایج تداعیکننده آن است که بالا بودن مقادیر شاخصهای عددی تنوع، دلیل بر بهبود وضعیت مرتع نیست؛ بلکه باید ترکیب گونهای و فراوانی آنها نیز مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. ترسیم منحنیهای رتبه- فراونی و تطابق مدلهای توزیع فراونی، نشان داد که در تیپهای گیاهی دارای وضعیت خوب و متوسط، گونههای با فراوانی اندک، کمتر مشاهده میشود و منحنی آن دارای شیب ملایمتری نسبت به تیپهای دارای وضعیت ضعیف است، بنابراین تنوع آنها بالاتر میباشد. در اکثر تیپهای گیاهی، مدل سری هندسی تطابق داشت که نشاندهنده تیپهای گیاهی با تنوع گونهای پائین و وضعیت ضعیف مرتع است. بهطورکلی با توجه به میزان همخوانی نتایج مدلهای توزیع فروانی با وضعیت تیپهای گیاهی، نتایج حاصل بر ضرورت توجه به شاخصهای پارامتری تنوع گونهای در ارزیابی سلامت مرتع، تاکید دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| شاخصهای عددی تنوع گونهای؛ شاخصهای پارامتری تنوع گونهای؛ گرایش مرتع؛ وضعیت مرتع | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the relationship between range condition of plant types and species diversity | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hasan Eslami1؛ Javad Motamedi (Torkan)2؛ Habib Nazarnejad3؛ Esmael Sheidaye Karkaj4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. in Range Management, Ardabil Bureau of Natural Resources and Watershed Management, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Range and Watershed, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Species diversity is one of the characteristics indicating changes in rangelands. In this regard, the relationship between range condition as a result of managerial measures and species diversity was investigated. Spearman correlation test and one-way analysis of variance were used for testing the variations of Shannon-Wiener diversity index values of plant types with their conditions. Then, by plotting rank-frequency curves and applying the frequency distribution models, the vegetation types with higher diversity were identified and their relationship with range condition was interpreted. The results showed that Shannon-Wiener diversity index had no significant correlation with range condition. Range condition had no significant effect on the amount of diversity and all three categories of condition (good, average, poor) were classified according to the mentioned index. In general, no significant trend was observed between range condition and amount of diversity. The results suggest that the high values of numerical indices of diversity are not the reason for the improvement of range condition, but their species composition and abundance should also be investigated. Drawing rank-frequency curves and matching the frequency distribution models showed that plant types with good and moderate condition, species with less abundance, were less frequently observed and its curve had a mild slope than those with poor condition, so their diversity was higher. In most plant types, the geometric series model was consistent, indicating low plant diversity and poor range condition. In general, concerning the degree of conformity of the results of the frequency distribution models with the condition of the plant types, the results emphasize the need to pay attention to the parametric indices of species diversity in rangeland health assessment. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Numerical indices of diversity, parametric indices of diversity, range trend, range condition | ||
| مراجع | ||
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