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تأثیر محلول‌پاشی کیتوزان بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L.) تحت تنش کم‌آبی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 35، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 93، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1398، صفحه 121-133 اصل مقاله (279.61 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.121940.2323 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد صادق دهقانی1؛ معصومه نعیمی* 2؛ ابراهیم غلامعلی پور علمداری2؛ حمید جباری3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، رشته آگرواکولوژی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، گلستان، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.121.93.1.1578.1610 به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی کیتوزان بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L.) در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 94-1393 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گنبدکاووس اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه شامل آبیاری پس از 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A (شاهد) و 100 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A (تنش کم‌آبی) و تیمار محلول‌پاشی کیتوزان در پنج سطح شامل عدم مصرف کیتوزان (محلول‌پاشی با آب‌مقطر به‌عنوان تیمار شاهد (K1)، محلول‌پاشی به مقدار 125 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 60 روز پس از کاشت (K2)، محلول‌پاشی به مقدار 125 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 75 روز پس از کاشت (K3)، محلول‌پاشی به مقدار 250 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 60 روز پس از کاشت (K4) و محلول‌پاشی به مقدار 250 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 75 روز پس از کاشت (K5) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم‌آبی موجب کاهش صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد گل، وزن خشک بوته و عملکرد گل خشک گردید. محلول‌پاشی کیتوزان صفاتی همانند تعداد شاخه فرعی، وزن و عملکرد گل خشک را افزایش داد. نتایج مشخص کرد که محلول‌پاشی کیتوزان به مقدار 125 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 60 روز پس از کاشت موجب حصول بالاترین میزان درصد و عملکرد اسانس و بیشترین مقدار کامازولن اسانس در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی شد. بنابراین استفاده از پلیمر زیستی کیتوزان به‌عنوان ماده‌ای طبیعی به‌منظور کاهش خسارت تنش رطوبتی و همچنین افزایش کامازولن در بابونه آلمانی حائز اهمیت است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ پلیمر زیستی؛ عملکرد گل؛ کامازولن؛ کیتوزان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of chitosan foliar application on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)under water deficit stress conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M.S. Dehghani1؛ M. Naeemi2؛ E. Gholamali Alamdari2؛ H. Jabari3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student, Department of Crop Productions, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Crop Productions, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran | ||
| 3Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to evaluate the effects of chitosan foliar application under water deficit stress conditions on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), a study was conducted based on randomized complete blocks design with factorial arrangement of treatments and three replications at Gonbad Kavous University research field, Iran in 2014 growing season. Treatments included irrigation at two levels, irrigation after 60 mm evaporation from class A pan and 100 mm evaporation from class A pan, and chitosan spraying at five levels including non-application of chitosan (spraying with distilled water as control (K1)), chitosan spraying at 125 mg/l after 60 days of planting (K2), 125 mg/l after 75 days of planting (K3), 250 mg/l after 60 days of planting (K4) and 250 mg/l after 75 days of planting (K5). Results showed that water deficit stress decreased the plant height, number of flowers, plant dry weight and flower dry yield. Foliar application of chitosan increased the number of branches per plant and flower dry yield. Results indicated that utilization of second level of chitosan under stress and third level of chitosan under normal irrigation improved the chamazolen essential oil percentage and yield. According to results of this study, application of chitosan spraying at 125 mg/l after 60 days of planting under deficit water stress conditions caused the highest percentage and yield of essential oil and chamazulene percentage. In general, in order to prevent and reduce the damage of water stress as well as increased chamazulene, the use of bio-polymer chitosan as a natural material in German chamomile is important. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| essential oil, bio-polymer, flower yield, chamazulene, chitosan | ||
| مراجع | ||
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