| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,208 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,560 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 53,007,653 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 92,290,797 |
اثر پیش تیمار بذر بر افزایش تحمل گیاهچه آفتابگردان در خاکهای آلوده به سرب در شرایط گلخانه | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 7، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 14، بهمن 1397، صفحه 153-169 اصل مقاله (944.64 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2019.109514.1063 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نجمه افتخار1؛ سینا فلاح* 2؛ علی عباسی سورکی3؛ حبیب خداوردی لو4 | ||
| 1دانشجو/ دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
| 2عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
| 3عضو هیأت علمی/ دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
| 4عضو هیأت علمی/ دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در خاکهای آلوده استقرار ضعیف گیاهچه و در نتیجه محدویت زیست توده گیاه، کارآیی فناوری گیاهپالایی را کاهش میدهد. در این پژوهش، اثر سطوح مختلف پیشتیمار بذر ( سالیسیلیک اسید، نیترات پتاسیم و شاهد) و 3 غلظت سرب شامل (صفر، 200، 400 و 600 میلیگرم سرب بر کیلوگرم خاک) بر رشد گیاهچهای آفتابگردان بررسی گردید. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال 1393 اجرا شد. بطور کلی صفات مورد مطالعه با افزایش غلظت سرب بهطور معنیداری کاهش یافت. در سمیترین غلظت سرب تیمارهای نیترات پتاسیم و سالیسیلیک اسید مانع از کاهش 42% وزن خشک ریشه نسبت به تیمار شاهد شدند. تیمار نیترات پتاسیم از کاهش وزن خشک برگ و کلرفیل a (به ترتیب 24% و 60%) تیمار و سالیسیلیک اسید از کاهش کلرفیلb (55%) نسبت به بذور پرایم نشده جلوگیری کرد. وزن خشک ساقه با تیمارهای پرایمینگ بذر تغییر معنیداری نشان نداد. به موازات افزایش غلظت سرب میزان کاراتنوئید، پرولین و نشت یونی گیاهچه افزایش یافت. این در حالی است تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید موجب کاهش 21% نشت الکترولیتی شد. تیمار نیترات پتاسیم مانع از افزایش 24% کاروتنوئید گردید ولی میزان پرولین از 104 به 111 میکرومول بر گرم افزایش داد. بطور کلی نتیجهگیری میشود که کاربرد سالییلیک اسید و نیترات پتاسیم با کاهش میزان کاروتنوئید و نشت الکترولیتی و افزایش محتوای پرولین بردباری گیاهچه آفتابرگردان را به سمیت سرب افزایش میدهد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| پرولین؛ سرب؛ کلروفیل؛ گیاه پالایی؛ نشت الکترولیتی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Seed Pretreatments on Sunflower Seedling Tolerance in Soils Contaminated with Lead under Greenhouse Conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Fallah2؛ | ||
| 2Faculty Member, Univ. of Shahrekord | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Poor seedling establishment and total plant biomass reduction in contaminated soils, decrease the efficiency of phytoremediation techniques. In this study, the effects of different types of seed pretreatments (such as salicylic acid, and potassium nitrate) and three concentrations of lead (0, 200, 400 and 600 mg lead/kg soil) on sunflower seedling growth under greenhouse conditions were evaluated. These factorial experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with three replications in research greenhouse of Shahrekord University, in 2015. In general, the studied traits significantly decreased with increasing concentrations of lead. In most toxic concentrations of lead, Potassium nitrate and salicylic acid prevented the decreasing of dry weight of root compared to control up to 42%. Potassium nitrate prevented the decreasing of dry weight of leaf and chlorophyll a (with 24% and 60%, respectively), Salicylic acid prevented the decreasing of chlorophyll b (55%) compared to control. Shoot dry weight didn’t affect by seed priming treatments. Increasing in concentrations of lead elevated carotenoids, proline content and electrolyte leakage. Salicylic acid treatment reduced of electrolyte leakage (by 21%). Potassium nitrate prevents the increasing of carotenoids (by 24%), however increased proline content from 104 to 111 µm/g. Generally it could be concluded that salicylic acid and potassium nitrate increase seedling tolerance to lead toxicity through reducing carotenoids content, electrolyte leakage and increasing proline content. This technique can be used to increase the efficiency of phytoremediation of soils contaminated with lead. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| chlorophyll, electrolyte leakage, Lead, phytoremediation, Proline | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Agrawal, S.B., and S. Mishra. 2009. Effects of supplemental ultraviolet-B and cadmium on growth, antioxidants and yield of Pisum sativum L. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 72:610-618. Ashrafi, O.F., and J. Razmjou. 2010. The effect of physiological and biochemical characteristics of safflower under drought stress hydropriming. J. Crop Ecophysiol. 1:34-43 (In Persian) Balestrasse, K.B., L. Gardey, S.M. Gallego, and M.L. Tomaro. 2001. Response of antioxidant defense system in soybean nodules and roots subjected to cadmium stress. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 28:497-504. Bates, L.S., R.P. Waldern, and I.D. Tear. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil. 39:205-207. Benavides, M.P., S.M. Gallego, and M.L. Tomaro. 2005. Cadmium toxicity in plants Braz. Br. J. Appl. Phys.17:21-34. Cakmak, I. 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 168:521– 530. Davey, M.W.E., B. Stals, J. Panis, and R.L. Keulemans. 2005. High throughput determination of malondialdehyde in plant tissues. Anal. Biochem. 347:201-207. Dionisio-Sese M.L., and S. Tobita. 1998. Antioxidant responses of rice seedling to salinity stress. Plant Sci. 135:1-9. Emami, A. 1996. Methods of Plant Analysis. 400p. (In Persisn) Farooq, M., S.M.A. Basra, H. Rehman, N. Ahmad, and B.A. Saleem. 2007. Osmopriming improve the germination and early seedling growth of melons (Cucumis melon L.). Pak. J. Agric. Sci. 44:529-536. Farooq, M., S.M.A. Bassra, A. Wahid, and N. Ahmad. 2010. Changes in nutrient homeostasis and reserves metabolism during rice seed priming: consequences for seedling emergence and growth. Agric. Sci. China. 9:191-198. Ghobadi, M., M. Shafiei-Abnavi, S. Jalali-Honarm, M.E. Ghobadi, and G.R. Mohammadi. 2012. Does KNO3 and hydropriming improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds germination and seedlings growth? Ann. Biol. Res. 3:3156-3160. Ghorbanli, M., M. Khanlryan, R. Haj Hussein, and H. Zali. 2006. Reviews accumulation of lead and its effect on Klrfyl content, iron and calcium in two cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Agron. J. (Pajohesh va Sazandegi). 71: 34-40 (In Persian). Gogorcena, Y., J.J. Lucena, and J. Abadia. 2002. Effects of Cd and Pb in sugar beets plants grown in nutrient solution: Induced Fe deficiency and growth inhibition. J. Function. Plant Biol. 29: 1453-1464. Groppa, M.D., M.L. Tomaro, and M.P. Benarides. 2007. Polyamines and heavy metal stress, the antioxidant behavior of spermine in cadmium and copper treated wheat leaves. Biometals 20:185-195. Guo, B., Y. Liang, and Y. Zhu. 2009. Does salicylic acid regulate antioxidant defense system, cell death, cadmium uptake and partitioning to acquire cadmium tolerance in rice. J. Plant Physiol. 166: 20-31. Halmer, P. 2004. Methods to improve seed performance in the field, In: R.L. Benech Arnold, and R.A. Sánchez (eds). Handbook of Seed Physiology, Applications to Agriculture. Haworth Press, N.Y. Pp. 125-166. Jadia, C.H., and M.H. Fulekar. 2008. The application of vermicompost to remove zinc, cadmium, copper, nikel and lead by sunflower Plant. Environ. Eng. Manage. J. 7: 547-558. Jatvis, M.D., and D.W.M. Leung. 2002. Chelated lead transport in pinus radiat: an ultrastructural study. Environ. Exp. Bot. 48:21-32. Kabatta-Pendias, A., and H. Pendias. 2001. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants. C.R.C., Boca Raton. Kabir, M., M.Z. Iqbal, M. Shafigh, and Z.R. Faroogi. 2008. Reduction in germination and seedling growth of Thespesia populnea L. caused by lead and cadmium treatments. Pak. J. Bot. 40:2419-2426. Karimi, N., D. Khan Ahmad, and B. Moradi. 2013. The effect of different concentrations of lead on some parameters artichoke plant artichoke. J. Plant Prod. 1:49-62(In Persian). Kasai, Y., M. Kato, J. Aoyama, and H. Hyodo. 1998. Ethylene production and increase in 1 - aminocyclopropane-1 -carboxylate oxidase activity during senescence of broccoli florets. Acta Hortic. 464:153-157. Kaur, S.A., K. Gupte, and N. Kaur. 2000. Seed priming increases crop yield possibly by modulating enzymes of sucrose metabolism in chickpea. J. Agron. Crop Sci.191:81-87. Keshtegar, M., A. Safipour Afshar, and F. Saeid Nematpour. 2014. Effect of heavy metals Cu and Pb on some growth characteristics, proline content and lipid peroxidation in two varieties of mung bean (Vigna radiate). J. Crop Ecophysiol. 8:363-374 (In Persian). Krantev, A., R. Yordanova, T. Janda, G. Szalai, and L. Popova. 2008. Treatment with salicylic acid decreases the effect of cadmium on photosynthesis in maize plants. J. Plant Physiol. 165:920–931. Krystofova, O., V. Shestivska, M. Galiova, K. Novotny, J Kaiser, J.P. Zehnalek, R. Babula, V. Opatrilova, R. Adam, and R. Kizek. 2009. Sunflower plants as bioindicators of environmental pollution with lead (II) ions. Sensors 9:5040-5058. Kumar, A.R., and M. Kumar. 2008. Studies on the efficacy of sulphate of potash on physiological, yield and uality parameters of Banana cv. Robusta (Cavendish- AAA). Eur-Asian J. BioSciences 2:102-109. Kumar, S., and G. Shyamasree. 2013. Effect of heavy metals on germination of seeds. J. Nat. Sci. Biol. Med. 2:272-275. Lin, C.J., L. Liu, L. Liu, T. Zhu, D. Sheng, and D. Wang. 2009. Soil amendment application frequency contributes to phytoextraction of lead by sunflower at different nutrient levels. Environ. Exp. Bot. 65: 410-416. Lombi, E., F. Zhao, S. Dunham, and P. McGrath. 2001. Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated. J. Environ. Qual. 30:1919-1926. Metwally, A., I. Finkemeier. M. George, and K.J. Dietz. 2003. Salicylic acid alleviates the cadmium toxicity in barley seedlings. Plant Physiol. 132:272-281. Nawaz, A., M. Amjad, M.M. Jahangir, S.M., Khan, H. Cui, and J. Hu. 2012. Induction of salt tolerance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds through sand priming. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 6:1199-1203. Parmar, P., N. Kumari, and V. Sharma. 2013. Structural and functional terations in photosynthetic apparatus of plants under cadmium stress. Botanical Studies. 54:45-51. Popova, L.P., L.T. Maslenkova, A.P. Ivanova, and Z. Stoinova. 2012. Role of Salicylic Acid in Alleviating Heavy Metal Stress, In: P. Ahmad, M.N.V. Prasad (eds). Environmental Adaptations and Stress Tolerance of Plants in the Era of Climate Change. Springer, N.Y. Pp. 441-466. Preece, J.E., and P.E. Read. 1993. The Biology of Horticulture: An Introductory Textbook. John Wiley and sons, U.S. Reddy, A.M., S.G. Kumar, G. Jyonthsnakumari, S. Thimmanaik, and C. Sudhakar. 2005. Lead induced changes in antioxidant metabolism of horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) and bengalgram (Cicer arietinumL.). Chemosphere.60: 97-104. Shakirova, F.M., A.R. Sakhabutdinova, M.V. Bezrukova, R.A. Fatkhutdinova, and D.R. Fatkhutdinova. 2003. Changes in hormonal status of wheat seedling induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Sci. 164: 317-322. Sharma, P., and R. Dubey. 2005. Lead toxicity in plants. Br. J.Plant Physiol. 17:35-52. Smeet, K., A. Cuypers, A. Lambrechts, B. Semane, P. Hoet, A.V. Laere, and J. Vangronsveld. 2005. Induction of oxidative stress and antioxidativ mechanisms in Phaseolus vulgaris aftar Cd application. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 43:437-444. Surasak, S., T. Samuel, S.V. Desh-Pal, and T.S. Richard. 2002. Molecular mechanisms of proline mediated tolerance to toxic heavy metals in transgenic microalgae. The Plant Cell. 14:2837-2847. Tiriki, I., M. Kizilsmsek, and M. Kaplan. 2009. Rapid and enhanced germination at low temperature of alfalfa and white clover seeds following osmotic priming. Tropical Grasslands. 43:171-177. Umair, A., S. Ali, K. Bashir, and S. Hussain. 2010. Evaluation of different seed priming techniques in mung bean (Vigna radiate). Plant Soil Environ. 29:181-186. Verbruggen, N., and C. Hermans. 2008. Proline accumulation in plants: a review. Amino Acids35: 753-759. Wahid. A.A., S. Noreen, M.A. Basra, S. Gelani, and M. Farooq. 2008. Priming-induced metabolic changes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) achenes improve germination and seedling growth. Botanical Studies 49:343-350. Wllburn, A.R. 1994. The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoid, using varous solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. J. Plant Physiol. 307-313. Yadav, S.K. 2010. Heavy metals toxicity in plants: an Overview on the role of glutathione and phytochelatins in heavy metal stress tolerance of plants. South Afric. J. Bot. 76:167-179. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 560 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 552 |
||