اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها2,975
تعداد مقالات33,408
تعداد مشاهده مقاله43,904,980
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله20,406,260
شیر اسماعیلی, غلامحسین, مقصودی مود, علی اکبر, خواجویی نژاد, غلامرضا, عبدالشاهی, روح الله. (1396). بررسی واکنش ارقام گلرنگ به تیمار های آبیاری در کشتهای بهاره و تابستانه. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 30(3), 36-52. doi: 10.22092/aj.2018.116387.1221
غلامحسین شیر اسماعیلی; علی اکبر مقصودی مود; غلامرضا خواجویی نژاد; روح الله عبدالشاهی. "بررسی واکنش ارقام گلرنگ به تیمار های آبیاری در کشتهای بهاره و تابستانه". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 30, 3, 1396, 36-52. doi: 10.22092/aj.2018.116387.1221
شیر اسماعیلی, غلامحسین, مقصودی مود, علی اکبر, خواجویی نژاد, غلامرضا, عبدالشاهی, روح الله. (1396). 'بررسی واکنش ارقام گلرنگ به تیمار های آبیاری در کشتهای بهاره و تابستانه', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 30(3), pp. 36-52. doi: 10.22092/aj.2018.116387.1221
شیر اسماعیلی, غلامحسین, مقصودی مود, علی اکبر, خواجویی نژاد, غلامرضا, عبدالشاهی, روح الله. بررسی واکنش ارقام گلرنگ به تیمار های آبیاری در کشتهای بهاره و تابستانه. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1396; 30(3): 36-52. doi: 10.22092/aj.2018.116387.1221

بررسی واکنش ارقام گلرنگ به تیمار های آبیاری در کشتهای بهاره و تابستانه

پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی
مقاله 3، دوره 30، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 116، مهر 1396، صفحه 36-52    اصل مقاله (482.66 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2018.116387.1221
نویسندگان
غلامحسین شیر اسماعیلی* 1؛ علی اکبر مقصودی مود2؛ غلامرضا خواجویی نژاد2؛ روح الله عبدالشاهی2
1دانشجوی دکترا، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
2دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
چکیده
چکیده
نوسانات بارندگی و دسترسی به منابع آب زیرزمینی در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد محصولات زراعی را به‌ویژه در کشت‌های بهاره و تابستانه تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. گل‌رنگ یکی از گیاهان روغنی بومی ایران است که نسبت به خشکی مقاوم است. این آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های دو بار خردشده و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل دو تاریخ کشت بهاره و تابستانه، فاکتور فرعی شامل سه تیمار آبیاری (شاهد، قطع آبیاری در شروع گلدهی و قطع آبیاری از دوره پر شدن دانه) و فاکتور فرعی فرعی شامل نه رقم گلرنگ بود. تاریخ کاشت بهاره نسبت به تابستانه در تمامی صفت‌های اندازه‌گیری شده اختلاف معنی‌دار داشت. عملکرد دانه در تاریخ کشت فروردین‌ماه 3070 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود که نسبت به تیرماه، 62 درصد افزایش نشان داد. تیمار آبیاری بر ارتفاع، تعداد دانه در غوزه و عملکرد دانه اثر معنی‌دار داشت و قطع آبیاری باعث کاهش تعداد دانه در غوزه و عملکرد گردید. عملکرد دانه در تیمارهای آبیاری در دوره پر شدن دانه و دوره گلدهی نسبت به تیمار شاهد به ترتیب 21 و 54 درصد کاهش نشان داد. در بین ارقام، صفه و گلدشت دارای بالاترین عملکرد دانه بودند و در تیمار قطع آبیاری در شروع گلدهی بین ارقام اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. به‌طورکلی رقم‌های ایرانی نسبت به ارقام مکزیکی توانایی بهتری برای مقاومت به تنش و تولید عملکرد دانه بالاتر داشتند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
زمان کاشت؛ تنش آب؛ دانه روغنی؛ عملکرد دانه؛ تعداد غوزه
عنوان مقاله [English]
Responses of Safflower cultivars to irrigation treatments in spring and summer cropping seasons
نویسندگان [English]
Gholamhosein Shir esmaeili1؛ Aliakbar Maghsoudi mood2؛ Gholamreza Khajouei nezhad2؛ Rouhollah Abdolshahi2
1Ph.D Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an oil-producing plant, which is considered to be a valuable source of seed oil due to its high oil quality and relatively high resistance to salinity and water-deficit conditions (Mozaffari and Asadi, 2006). In the regions where annual precipitation is low and also the distribution of rainfall is unpredictable, drought is the most important environmental stress that adversely affects crop plant performance. Identifying tolerant cultivars with high yield potential is of paramount significance for researchers under the condition with ever-decreasing rainfall, elevated air temperature and increased hot weather. Delayed sowing in the spring cropping of safflower causes accelerated development, reduced vegetative growth and decreased yield and yield components of the plant (Zimmerman, 1972). The objective of this work was to determine suitable cultivars for the spring and summer cropping seasons under water-shortage conditions.

Materials and Methods
This experiment was carried out as split-split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications at agricultural research station of Kabutarabad in the 2016 growing season. The main factor consisted of two spring and summer sowing dates, the sub-factor comprised of three irrigation treatments (Full Irrigating from sowing to plant maturity as control, irrigation till the beginning of flowering and irrigation till the seed filling period) and the sub-sub factor included nine safflower cultivars: Sofeh, Goldasht, Sina, Faraman, and Mexican cultivars of Mec117, Mec295, Mec18, Mec11 and Mec7. Following seed sowing, and the initial irrigation for plant emergence and establishment, the plots were irrigated after 70 mm cumulative evaporation from evaporation pan class A and cessation of irrigation for plots occurred based on plant growth stage and the irrigation termination treatments.

Results and Discussion
The results indicated that there was a significance difference between spring and summer planting dates for all the measured traits. Plant height, plant dry matter at flowering stage, boll numbers, number of seeds in boll, seed weight and seed yield decreased in summer cropping as compared with spring cropping. There was no significant difference in plant dry matter at flowering stage, boll numbers and seed weight under irrigation treatments but other traits showed significant differences. The highest grain yield was obtained when the cultivars received full irrigation (control treatment). Termination of irrigation in the grain-filling period and at flowering reduced grain yield by 25 and 45% as compared to the control. Average seed yield of cultivars in the spring planting was 62% higher than summer planting. The highest seed yield in spring planting was obtained from Sofeh and Goldasht and Mec117 cultivars. But, the greatest seed yield in summer planting was obtained from Sofeh, Goldasht, Sina and Faraman cultivars (The cultivars are mentioned in descending order of yield). Mexican cultivars performed best in spring planting, however, they experienced a significant decline in their seed yield in summer planting. Crop seed yield is reduced when sensitive growth stages e.g. flowering and pollination coincides with adverse environmental conditions such as high temperature (Emami et al., 2011). The observed yield reduction in the safflower cultivars in the second planting date (summer season) is attributable to decreased duration of rosette and vegetative stages. This was due to rapid transition from vegetative to reproductive stage caused by environmental stressors, in particular, high temperature, which prevented the plant from achieving adequate yield- forming components.
Conclusion
In general, Iranian cultivars were more resistant to stress and had higher grain yield than Mexican cultivars. Iranian cultivars Sofeh, Sina and Goldasht are suitable cultivars for planting under normal and drought stress conditions for spring and summer cropping seasons.
Keywords
Planting date, Water stress, Oil crop, Seed yield, Boll number
References
Mozaffari K., and Asadi, A.A. 2006. Relationships among traits using correlation, principal components and path analysis safflower mutants sown in irrigated and drought stress condition. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 5 (6): 977-983.

Emami, T., Naseri, R., Falahi, H. and Kazemi, E. 2011. Response of yield, yield component and oil content of safflower (CV Sina) to planting date and plant spacing on row in rainfed conditions of western Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. 10(10): 947-953.


Zimmerman, L. H. 1972. Effect of temperature and humidity stress during flowering on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Crop Science. 12: 637-640.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Planting date, Water stress, Oil crop, seed yield, Boll number
مراجع

Akhtarbeg, H.H., and Pala, M. 2001. Prospects of safflower (Carthamun tinctorius L.) production in dry land areas of Iran. Fifth International Safflower Conference July, 23-27. Montana, USA.
Alessi, J., Power, J. F., and Zimmerman. D.C. 1981. Effects of seeding date and population on water-use efficiency and safflower yield. Agronomy Journal. 73:783-787.
Arnon, I. 1972. Crop production in dry regions. Background and principles. Leonard Hill. London. I: PP: 372-380.
Ashri, A., Zimmer, D.E., Urie, A.L., Cahaner, A., and Marani, A. 1974. Evaluation of the world collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)IV. Yield and yield components and their relationships. Crop Science. 14: 799- 802.
Bagheri, A., Goldani, M., and Hasanzadeh, M. 1997. Planting and breeding of lentil. Jahad Daneshgahi. Press. Page 62. (In Persian with English Summary).
Bagheri, H., Saeedi, G., and Ehsanzade, P. 2006. Evaluation of agronomic traits of selected genotypes from native accessions of safflower in spring and summer sowing dates. Journal of Sciences and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 10: 375-390.
Bagheri, M. 1995. Effects of planting date on yield and yield components of safflower. M.Sc Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Technology, Isfahan. (In Persian with English Summary).
Boyer, J.S., and Westgate. M.E. 2004. Grain yield with limited water. Journal of Experimental Botany. 55:2385–2394.
Caliskan, S., Caliskan, M.E., Arslan,M and Arioglu, H. 2008. Effects of sowing date and growth duration on growth and yield of groundnut in a Mediterranean-type environment in Turkey. Field Crops Research. 105: 131-140.
Dadashi, N., and Khajehpour, M.R. 2004b. Effects of planting date and cultivar on growth, yield components and seed yield of safflower in Isfahan. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 8(3): 95-112.
Edalatian, F. 2007. Evaluation of supplementary irrigation effects on yield and yield component of four Lentil cultivars. M.Sc Thesis. Islamic Azad University.Bojnourd Branch. (In Persian with English Summary).
Ehdai, B., and Noormohammadi, G. 1984. Effect of planting date on yield and other agronomic traits of two safflower varieties. Journal of Agricultural Science (Shahid Chamran University). 9. 28-41, (In Persian with English Summary).
Ehsanzadeh, P. 2003. Yield, yield components and growth characteristics of two safflower genotypes under varying plant densities. Journal of Sciences and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 7(1): 129-140.
Emami, T., Naseri, R., Falahi, H. and Kazemi, E. 2011. Response of yield, yield component and oil content of safflower (CV Sina) to planting date and plant spacing on row in rainfed conditions of western Iran. American- Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. 10(10): 947-953.
Farbodnia, T. 1995. Drought stress effect on germination, growth and some biochemical changes in tow Iranian Pea lines. M.Sc Thesis. Tarbiat Moallem Univesity of Tehran. (In Persian with English Summary).
Fathi, G. 2006. Effects of planting pattern and population density on light extinction coefficient, light interception and grain yield of sweet corn (Hybrid SC402). Journal of Agricultural Science. 12: 131-143.
Froozan, K. 2005. Safflower production in Iran (past, now, future). (2005). P. 255-257. In E. Esendel (ed.) Proceedings of the 6th International Safflower Conference. 6-10 June. 2005. Istanbul, Turkey.
Guo Yulia, X., and Lianlu, L. 1992.The relations between yield formation and development of flowering parts as well as growth of branches and leaves.Third International Safflower Conference. Beijing, China, 465-477.
Hang, A. N., and Evans, D. W. 1985. Deficit sprinkler irrigation of sunflower and safflower. Agronomy Journal. 77:588-592
Jajarmi, V., Azizi, M., Shadlu, A,. and Omidi Tabrizi. A. H. (2009). The effect of density, variety and planting date on yield and yield components of safflower. P. 235-241. In S.E. Knights and T.D. Potter (ed.) Proceedings of the 7th International Safflower Conference. 10-14 June. 2009. Wagga, Australia.
Khajeh Pour, M.R. 1991. Production of industrial crops. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan. (In Persian with English Summary).
Luebs, R. E., Yermanos, D. M., Laag, A. E. and Burge, W. D. 1965. Effect of planting date on seed yield, oil, content, and requirement of safflower. Agronomy Journal. 57:162-164.
Matsui, T., K. Omasa, and T. Horie. 2001. The difference in sterility due to high temperature during flowering period among japonica rice varieties. Plant Production Science. 4:90–93.
Mozaffari, K., and Asadi, A.A. 2006. Relationships among traits using correlation, principal components and path analysis safflower mutants sown in irrigated and drought stress condition. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 5 (6): 977-983.
Naderi Darbaghshahi, M.R., Nourmohammadi. G., Majidi,I., Darvish, F and Shirani Rad, A.H. 2004. Evaluation of the reaction three lines of Sufflower to different intensities drought stress. 10(4), 3-15. (In Persian with English Summary).
Nejadshamlu, A. 1996. Study of morphological and physiological traits of spring Safflower varieties in Esfahan. M.Sc Thesis. Islamic Azad University Isfahan Branch. (In Persian with English Summary).
Nemeskéri, E., Sárdi, É., Remenyik, J., Kőszegi, B., and Nagy, P. 2010. Study of defensive mechanisms against drought of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties. Acta Physiologiae. Plantarum. Vol. 32 (No. 6): 1125-1134.
Nickabadi, S., Solemani, A., Dehdashti, S.M., and Yazdanibakhsh, M. 2008. Effect of sowing dates on yield and yield components of spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in Isfahan Region. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science. 11:1953-1956.
Ozel, A. 2004. Effects of different sowing date and intrarow spacing on yield and some agronomic traits of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L) under Harran plain’s arid conditions. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 28(6): 413-419.
Prasad, P.V.V., Staggenborg, S. A., and Ristic, Z. 2008. Impacts of drought and/or heat stress on physiological, developmental, growth and yield processes of crop plants. In: Response of crops to limited water: Understanding and modeling water stress effects on plant growth processes. Eds. Ahuja, L.R., et al. Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling Series 1., ASA, CSSA, SSSA. USA.
Richards, R.A. 1996. Defining selection criteria to improve yield under drought. Plant Growth Regulation. 20: 157-166.
Sadras, V.O. 2007. Evolutionary aspects of the trade-off between seed size and number in crops. Field Crops Research. 100:125–138.
Samadani, B., and Daneshvar, F. 1991. Effects of planting date on yield and other agronomic traits of safflower varieties in Esfahan. Research Report. Science Faculty of Esfahan University. (In Persian with English Summary).
Shahsavari, M.R., Omidi Tabrizi, A.H., and Karimi S. 2001. Final report of Pure line selection in local safflower population of Esfahan Province. Agriculture and natural resources research center of Esfahan (In Persian with English Summary).
Tesar, M. B. 1984. Physiological basis of crop growth and development. American Society of Agronomy (USA); Crop Science Society of America (USA).
Tomar, S.S. 1995. Effect of soil hydrothermal regimes on the performance of safflower planted on different dates. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 175: 141-152.
Zimmerman, L. H. 1972. Effect of temperature and humidity stress during flowering on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Crop Science. 12: 637-640.

آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 511
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 745


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب