News

a.z
Khosravi, Y., Zamani, A., Parizanganeh, A., Yaftian, M. (2018). Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils Around the Lead and Zinc Production Plant in Zanjan. , 31(4), 627-639. doi: 10.22092/ijsr.2018.115952
Y. Khosravi; A. A. Zamani; A. H. Parizanganeh; M. R. Yaftian. "Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils Around the Lead and Zinc Production Plant in Zanjan". , 31, 4, 2018, 627-639. doi: 10.22092/ijsr.2018.115952
Khosravi, Y., Zamani, A., Parizanganeh, A., Yaftian, M. (2018). 'Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils Around the Lead and Zinc Production Plant in Zanjan', , 31(4), pp. 627-639. doi: 10.22092/ijsr.2018.115952
Khosravi, Y., Zamani, A., Parizanganeh, A., Yaftian, M. Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils Around the Lead and Zinc Production Plant in Zanjan. , 2018; 31(4): 627-639. doi: 10.22092/ijsr.2018.115952

Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils Around the Lead and Zinc Production Plant in Zanjan

پژوهش های خاک
Article 13, Volume 31, Issue 4, March 2018, Pages 627-639    PDF (770.15 K)
DOI: 10.22092/ijsr.2018.115952
Authors
Y. Khosravi* 1; A. A. Zamani1; A. H. Parizanganeh2; M. R. Yaftian3
1Assistant Professor., Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan
2Professor., Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan
3Professor., Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan
Abstract
Soil heavy metals pollution is a major and growing problem in our country. Therefore, awareness of the spatial distribution of soils contaminated by heavy metals can play an important role in evaluating the pollution potentials of a region. The present study aimed at analyzing the spatial variability and current spatial pattern of six heavy metals (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in top soils surrounding the National Iranian Lead and Zinc Company (NILZ) in Bonab Industrial Estate (Zanjan, Iran), by spatial statistics. To this end, 126 soil samples were collected from 0-15 cm depths from the area surrounding NILZ Company within a radius of 5 km. Results showed that the highest and lowest average of heavy metals concentration in surface soils was related to Zn and Co, respectively (Zn > Pb >Ni>Cu > Cd > Co) and, compared with international standards, they are outside the range of measured limits. The Moran’s I, at 0.01 level of significance, showed that all the studied heavy metals had a spatial structure and cluster pattern, indicating that they were not distributed randomly and anthropogenic factors caused such a spatial distribution. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in the study area showed that the observed high concentrations of heavy metals, i.e. hot spots, surrounding the NILZ Company related to Zn, Co, and Pb. Maximum concentration of these metals was 2990, 20, and 30167 mg metal per kg of soil, respectively. It was concluded that the company activities had a big impact on distribution of these heavy metals in the study area. The variogram analysis of heavy metals revealed that soils containing Ni had weak spatial dependency, Cu, Cd, and Pb had strong, and Co and Zn had medium spatial dependencies. 
Keywords
Soil contamination; Spatial statistics; Moran’s I; G*; Kriging
References
  1. حسنی پاک، ع. ا. 1380. تحلیل داده‌های اکتشافی، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران،1380.
  2. عسکری، ع. 1390. تحلیل‌های آمار فضایی با ArcGIS، انتشارات سازمان فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات شهرداری تهران، تهران.
  3. علیجانی، ب. 1394. تحلیل فضایی، نشریه تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی، سال دوم، شماره 3، صص 14-1.
  4. صادقی نیا، ع؛ علیجانی، ب؛ ضیائیان؛ پ و خالدی، ش. 1392. کاربرد تکنیک های خودهمبستگی فضایی در تحلیل جزیره حرارتی شهر تهران. تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی.دوره 13، شماره 30: 90-67.
  5. Anselin, L. 1998. Exploratory spatial data analysis in a geocomputational environment. Interactive techniques and exploratory spatial data analysis. In.: Working Paper 9801, Regional Research Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown.
  6. Anselin, Luc, Sanjeev Sridharan, and Susan Gholston. 2007. Using exploratory spatial data analysis to leverage social indicator databases: the discovery of interesting patterns, Social Indicators Research, 82: 287-309.
  7. Cambardella, CA, TB Moorman, TB Parkin, DL Karlen, JM Novak, RF Turco, and AE Konopka. 1994. Field-scale variability of soil properties in central Iowa soils, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 58: 1501-11.
  8. Cai, L., Xu, Z., Bao, P., He, M., Dou, L., Chen, L., Zhou, Y. and Zhu, Y.G., 2015. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and source of arsenic and heavy metals in the agricultural soils in Shunde, Southeast China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 148:189-195.
  9. Chappell, Adrian, Luigi J Renzullo, Tim H Raupach, and Malcolm Haylock. 2013. Evaluating geostatistical methods of blending satellite and gauge data to estimate near real-time daily rainfall for Australia, Journal of Hydrology, 493: 105-14.
  10. Fu, Weijun, Keli Zhao, Chaosheng Zhang, and Hubert Tunney. 2011. Using Moran's I and geostatistics to identify spatial patterns of soil nutrients in two different long‐term phosphorus‐application plots, Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 174: 785-98.
  11. Fu, WJ, PK Jiang, GM Zhou, and KL Zhao. 2014. Using Moran's I and GIS to study the spatial pattern of forest litter carbon density in a subtropical region of southeastern China, Biogeosciences, 11: 2401-09.
  12. Fu, S. and Wei, C.Y., 2013. Multivariate and spatial analysis of heavy metal sources and variations in a large old antimony mine, China. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 13(1):106-116.
  13. Goodchild, Michael F. 1987. A spatial analytical perspective on geographical information systems, International Journal of Geographical Information System, 1: 327-334.
  14. Goovaerts, Pierre. 1997. Geostatistics for natural resources evaluation (Oxford University Press on Demand).
  15. Imperato, M., Adamo, P., Naimo, D., Arienzo, M., Stanzione, D. and Violante, P., 2003. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in urban soils of Naples city (Italy). Environmental pollution, 124(2):247-256.
  16. Khanduzi, F, A Parizanganeh, and A Zamani. 2015. Application of multivariate statistics and geostatistical techniques to identify the spatial variability of heavy metals in groundwater resources, Caspian Journal of  Environmntal Science, 13: 333-347.
  17. Juang, Kai-Wei, Dar-Yuan Lee, and Timothy R Ellsworth. 2001. Using rank-order geostatistics for spatial interpolation of highly skewed data in a heavy-metal contaminated site, Journal of Environmental Quality, 30: 894-903.
  18. Ly, Sarann, Catherine Charles, and Aurore Degré. 2013. Different methods for spatial interpolation of rainfall data for operational hydrology and hydrological modeling at watershed scale. A review, Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 17: 392.
  19. Matheron, Georges. 1971. The theory of regionalized variables and its applications (École national supérieure des mines).
  20. Parizanganeh, Abdolhossein H, Vahid Bijnavand, Abasali A Zamani, and Ali Hajabolfath. 2012. 'Concentration, distribution and comparison of total and bioavailable heavy metals in top soils of Bonab District in Zanjan province', Open Journal of Soil Science, 2: 123.
  21. Parizanganeh, Abdolhossein, Abbasali Zamani, Vahid Bijnavand, and Behzad Taghilou. 2014. Human nail usage as a Bio-indicator in contamination monitoring of heavy metals in Dizajabaad, Zanjan province-Iran, Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 12: 1.
  22. Shoaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Seyed Ahmad Mirbagheri, Abbasali Zamani, and Jalal Bazargan. 2015. Seasonal variation of dissolved heavy metals in the reservoir of Shahid Rajaei dam, Sari, Iran, Desalination and Water Treatment, 56: 3368-3379.
  23. Thomas, R.W and Hugget, R.J. 1980. Modeling in Geography, a mathematical approach. In.: Harper and Row", Publisher, London.
  24. Tomer, MD, and MR Burkart. 2003. Long-term effects of nitrogen fertilizer use on ground water nitrate in two small watersheds, Journal of Environmental Quality, 32: 2158-2171.
  25. Webster, Richard, and Margaret A Oliver. 2007. Geostatistics for environmental scientists (John Wiley & Sons).
  26. Wei, B., Jiang, F., Li, X. and Mu, S., 2009. Spatial distribution and contamination assessment of heavy metals in urban road dusts from Urumqi, NW China. Microchemical Journal, 93(2): 147-152.
  27. Zamani, Abbas Ali, Mohammad Reza Yaftian, and Abdolhossein Parizanganeh. 2012. Multivariate statistical assessment of heavy metal pollution sources of groundwater around a lead and zinc plant, Iranian journal of environmental health science & engineering, 9: 1.
  28. Zamani, A, MR Yaftian, and A Parizanganeh. 2015. Statistical evaluation of topsoil heavy metal pollution around a lead and zinc production plant in Zanjan province, Iran, Caspian Journal of  Environmntal Science, 13: 349-61.
  29. Zhang, Chaosheng. 2006. Using multivariate analyses and GIS to identify pollutants and their spatial patterns in urban soils in Galway, Ireland, Environmental pollution, 142: 501-511.
  30. Zhang, Lin, Renxizi Ren, Shenliang Chen, and Ping Dong. 2014. Spatial variability of surface sediment basis on geostatistical analysis in the littoral area of Yellow River delta, China, IJMS, 43: 463-472.
  31. Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Liu, J., Liu, Q. and Zhou, Q., 2016. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the sources and spatial distribution of heavy metals in agricultural soil in Gongzhuling, Northeast China. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 16(2): 634-644.
Statistics
Article View: 1,411
PDF Download: 1,070


counter
Journal management system. designed by sinaweb