| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,247 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,894 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,450,831 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,620,898 |
تاثیر سایبان، محلول‌پاشی کائولین، تنک میوه و آبیاری تکمیلی بر کاهش عارضه سفیدشدگی آریل انار رقم ملس ترش ساوه | ||
| به زراعی نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 33، شماره 1، خرداد 1396، صفحه 85-112 اصل مقاله (411.14 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sppj.2017.113760 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد کاوند1؛ کاظم ارزانی* 2؛ محسن برزگر3؛ مجید میرلطیفی4 | ||
| 1، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 2گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 3صنایع غذائی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 4دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| عارضه سفیدشدگی آریل به شدت کیفیت میوه انار را تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد. به منظور مطالعه برخی عوامل مدیریتی در باغ‌های انار و تاثیر آن‌ها بر کاهش شدت سفیدشدگی آریل انار رقم ملس ترش ساوه، اثر استفاده از سایبان، محلول‌پاشی کائولین، تنک میوه وآبیاری تکمیلی آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با هشت تیمار و سه تکرار در ایستگاه ملی تحقیقات انار ساوه در دو سال باغی 1393 و 1394 بررسی شد. تیمارها شامل محلول‌پاشی کائولین 3% در چهار نوبت، تنک میوه 30% چهل روز بعد از گلدهی، آبیاری تکمیلی از هشتاد روز بعد از گلدهی، ترکیبی از تیمار‌های کائولین و تنک میوه، ترکیبی از تیمار‌های کائولین، تنک میوه و آبیاری تکمیلی، شاهد با مدیریت باغدار، استفاده از کود حیوانی به همراه محلول‌پاشی نیترات کلسیم و سولفات پتاسیم به نسبت 3 در هزار و استفاده از سایبان، آبیاری تکمیلی و محلول‌پاشی کائولین بودند. شاخص عارضه سفیدشدگی آریل، فراوانی نسبی میوه‌های سالم و میوه‌های دارای عارضه، و خصوصیات کمی و کیفی میوه و آب میوه اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار محلول‌پاشی کائولین اثر معنی‌داری در کاهش عارضه نداشت. تیمار سایبان به همراه آبیاری تکمیلی و محلول‌پاشی کائولین، شاخص عارضه سفیدشدگی آریل را تا حدود 24% کاهش داد و بر فراوانی میوه‌های سالم تا حدود 96% افزود. تیمار تنک میوه شاخص عارضه سفیدشدگی آریل را تا حدود 69% افزایش داد و بر فراوانی میوه‌های دارای عارضه تا حدود 91% افزود.تیمار آبیاری تکمیلی به تنهایی اثر مثبتی در تعدیل شاخص عارضه سفیدشدگی داشت، اما شدت عارضه تحت تاثیر تنش دمای بالا، رطوبت نسبی پایین هوا و کیفیت آب آبیاری نیز قرار داشت. استفاده از پوشش سایبان روی درختان، افزایش مواد آلی خاک، محلول‌پاشی عناصر پتاسیم و کلسیم در طول فصل رشد و کاهش فواصل آبیاری از راهکارهای موثر در کاهش عارضه سفیدشدگی آریل و بهبود کیفیت میوه در باغ‌های انار است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| انارPunica granatum L) )؛ عارضه فیزیولوژیکی؛ آنتوسیانین؛ کائولین؛ تنک میوه؛ سایبان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of Sunscreen, Kaolin Application, Fruit Thinning and Supplementary Irrigation on the Aril Browning Disorder of Pomegranate cv. “Malase Torshe Saveh” | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Kavand1؛ K. Arzani2؛ M. Barzegar3؛ M. Mirlatifi4 | ||
| 1Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 4College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Aril color whitening or browning (AB) in pomegranate fruit is a physiological disorder that critically decrease fruit quality and market acceptability. To find the effects of cun screen, kaolin application, fruit thinning, supplementary irrigation and fertilizer on decreasing aril browning disorder of the pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. ‘Malase Torshe Saveh’), an experiment was carried out in Saveh using a complete randomized block design with three replications. Treatments were 1) 3% kaolin application at 40 days after full bloom (DAFB), 2) fruit thinning at 40 DAFB, 3) supplementary irrigation at 80 DAFB, 4) fruit thinning with kaolin application, 5) supplementary irrigation combination with fruit thinning and kaolin application, 6) control with conventional management, 7) Animal manure application with foliar spray of the potassium sulfate and Nitrate calcium, 8) sunscreen combination with kaolin application and supplementary irrigation. The experiment was carried out in 2014 and 2015 in a commercial pomegranate orchard, in Saveh, Iran. The physicochemical properties of the pomegranate fruits were measured. Results showed that the kaolin application had no significant effect on the aril browning disorder, but the sunscreen treatment combined with supplementary irrigation and kaolin application reduced the aril browning index (24%) and increased the abundance of non-affected fruit (%96), conversely the fruit thinning increased aril browning index (69%) and reduced the abundance of non-affected fruits. Moreover, the supplementary irrigation had positive effect toameliorate the aril browning disorder, but the aril browning was also influenced by high temperature, low relative humidity and water quality. Overhead sunscreen, increase soil organic matter, foliar application of potassium and calcium during the growing season and irrigation with fewer intervals can ameliorate the pomegranate aril browning disorder and improve the fruit quality. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), Physiological Disorder, Anthocyanin, Kaolin, fruit thinning, sunscreen | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Bakeer, S. M. 2016. Effect of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and calcium chloride foliar spray on fruit cracking and sunburn of Manfalouty pomegranate trees. Scientia Horticulturae 209: 300-308. Behzadi Sharbabaki, H. 2014. The Pomegranate Heritage for the Desert (Cultivated, Management and Harvesting). Nasher Amozesh Keshavarzi Publications, Karaj, Iran. 460 pp. (in Persian). Bhantana, P., and Lazarovitch. N., P. 2010. Evapotranspiration, crop coefficient and growth of two young pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties under salt stress. Agricultural Water Management 97: 715-722. Borochov-Neori, H., Judeinstein, S., Harari, M., Bar-Ya’akov, I., Patil, B. S., Lurie, S., and Holland, D. 2011. Climate effects on anthocyanin accumulation and composition in the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit arils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59(10): 5325-5334. Borochov-Neori, H., Judeinstein, S., Tripler, E., Holland, D., and Lazarovitch, N. 2014. Salinity effects on colour and health traits in the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit peel. International Journal of Postharvest Technology and Innovation 4(1): 54-68. Borochov-Neori, H., Lazarovitch, N., Judeinstein, S., Patil, B. S., and Holland, D. 2013. Climate and salinity effects on color and health promoting properties in the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit arils. pp. 31-61.In: Tropical and Subtropical Fruits: Flavors, Color and Health Benefits. American Chemistry Socity, USA. Caravia, L., Collins, C., Petrie, P. R., and Tyerman, S. D. 2016. Application of shade treatments during Shiraz berry ripening to reduce the impact of high temperature. Australian Journal of Grape Wine Reserch 22: 422-437. Daryiashenas, A., and Dehghani, F. 2006. Determination of DRIS reference norms of pomegranate in Yazd province. Soil and Water Science 20 (1): 1-10 (in Persian). Ehteshami, S., Sarikhani, H., and Ershadi, H. 2011. Effect of kaolin and gibberelic acid application on some qualitative characteristics and reducing the sunburn in pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.) cv. "Rabab Neiriz". Plant Production Technology 3 (1): 15-24 (in Persian). Farazmand, H. 2013. Effect of kaolin clay on pomegranate fruit sunburn. Applied Entomology and Phytopathohology 80. (2): 173-184 (in Persian). Fawole, O. A., and Opara, U. L. 2013. Fruit growth dynamics, respiration rate and physico-textural properties during pomegranate development and ripening. Scientia Horticulturae 157: 90-98. Ghasemnezhad, M., Zareh, S., Shiri, M. A., and Javdani, Z. 2015. The arils characterization of five different pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes stored after minimal processing technology. Journal of Food Science and Technology 52 (4): 2023-2032. Gindaba, J., and Wand, S. J. 2005. Comparative effects of evaporative cooling, kaolin particle film and shade net on sunburn and fruit quality in apples. HortScience 40 (3): 592-596. Jafari, A., Arzani, K., Fallahi, E., and Barzegar, M. 2014. Optimaizing fruit yeild, size, and quality atribute in "Malase Torshe Saveh" pomegranate throught hand thining. Jurnal of the American Pomological Socity 68 (2): 89-96. Jaiswal, V., DerMarderosian, A., and Porter, J. R. 2010. Anthocyanins and polyphenol oxidase from dried arils of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Food Chemistry 118(1): 11-6. Jalikop, S., Venugopalan, R., and Kumar, R. 2010. Association of fruit traits and aril browning in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Euphytica 174 (1): 137-141.
Kaya, C., Kirnak, H., Higgs, D., and Saltali, K. 2002. Supplementary calcium enhances plant growth and fruit yield in strawberry cultivars grown at high (NaCl) salinity. Scientia Horticulturae 93 (1): 65-74.
Khayyat, M., Tehranifar, A., Davarynejad, G. H., and Sayyari-Zahan, M. 2014. Vegetative growth, compatible solute accumulation, ion partitioning and chlorophyll fluorescence of ‘Malas-e-Saveh’and ‘Shishe-Kab’ pomegranates in response to salinity stress. Photosythetica 52(2): 301-312.
Koushes Saba, M., and Moradi, S. 2016. Internal browning disorder of eight pear cultivars affected by bioactive constituents and enzyme activity. Food Chemistry 205: 257-263.
Kulkarni,A. P., and Aradhya, S. M. 2005. Chemical changes and antioxidant activity in pomegranate arils during fruit development. Food Chemistry 93(2): 319-324.
Levent Tuna, A., Kaya, C., Ashraf, M., Altunlu, H., Yokas, I., and Yagmure, B. 2007. The effects of calcium sulphate on growth, membrane stability and nutrient uptake of tomato plants grown under salt stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany 59: 173-178.
Mahmoodi Tabar, S., Thehranifar, A., Davarynejad, G. H., Nemati, S. H., and Zabihi, H. R. 2009. Aril paleness, new physiological disorder in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) physical and chemical change during exposure of fruit disorder. Hortculture Environment and Biotehnology 50 (4): 300-307.
Meighani, H., Ghasemnezhad, M., and Bakhshi, D. H. 2014. Evaluation of biochemical composition and enzyme activities in browned arils of pomegranate fruits. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 1 (1): 53-65.
Meighani, H., Ghasemnezhad, M., and Bakhshi, D. H. 2015. Effect of kaolin on the sunburn damage and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruit cv. "Malas-e-Torsh-e-Saveh". Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science 47 (3): 491-499 (in Persian).
Melgarejo, P., Martı́nez, J. J., Hernández, F., Martı́nez-Font, R., Barrows, P., and Erez, A. 2004. Kaolin treatment to reduce pomegranate sunburn. Scientia Horticulturae 130: 357-372.
Mohamadi, M. H., and Moghtaderi, Gh. A. 2005. The relationship between climatic elements and necrosis of date palm buch using regression model. Journal of Desrt (BIABAN) 10 (2): 339-348 (in Persian).
Mohseni, A. 2011. Pomegranate Production Guide. Nasher Akhar, Publication, Tehran, Iran. 216 pp. (in Persian).
Naeini, M. R., Khosghoftar, A. H., lessani, H., and Mirzapour, M. H. 2010. Effect of NaCl-induced salinity on mineral nutrients and soluble sugar in three commercial cultivars of pomegranate. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Sciences 18 (1): 91-98 (in Persian).
Naeini, M., Khoshgoftarmanesh, A., and Fallahi, E. 2006. Partitioning of chlorine, sodium, and potassium and shoot growth of three pomegranate cultivars under different levels of salinity. Journal of Plant Nutrition 29 (10):1835-43.
Pezhman, H., Rosahan, V., and Rah Khodaei, E. 2005. Effects of different bunch covers and thining methods on date bunch fanding disorder on "Mazafati" cultivar in Jiroft region. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 5(4): 215-230 (in Persian).
Rah Khodaei, E., and Pezhman, H. 2007. Effects of temperature and relative humidity on date bunch fading disorder on "Mazafati" cultivar in Jiroft region. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 8 (3): 149-164 (in Persian).
Sarkhosh, A., Zamani, Z., Fatahi Moghaddam, M. R., Ebadi, A., Saie, A., and Tabatabaie, S. Z. 2007. Study on relationships among fruit quantitative and qualitative characteristics of some pomegranate genotypes. JWSS Isfahan University of Technology 10 (4):147-160 (in Persian).
Saure, M. C. 2005. Calcium translocation to fleshy fruit: its mechanism and endogenous control. Scientia Horticulturae 105: 65-89.
Schwartz, E., Tzulker, R., Glazer, I., Bar-Ya’akov, I., Wiesman, Z., Tripler , E., Bar-Ilan, I., Fromm, H., Borochov-Neori, H., Holland, D., and Amir, R. 2009. Environmental conditions affect the color, taste, and antioxidant capacity of 11 pomegranate accessions fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57(19): 197-209.
Shivashnkar, S., Singh, H., and Sumathi, M. 2012. Aril browning in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is caused by the seed. Current Scince 103 (1): 26-8.
Singh, H., Singh, N., Marathe, A., and Ugalat, J. 2013. Influnce of aril browning on biochemical properties of pomegranate in India. Journal of Crop and Weed 9(1): 184-187.
Tatari, M., Fotohi Ghazvini, R., Ghasemnejad, M., Mosavi, S., and Tabatabie, S. Z. 2011. Morphological and biochemical characteristics of fruit in some pomegranate cultivars in climatical conditions of Saveh. Seed and Plant Production Journal 27-1 (1): 69-87 (in Persian).
Tehranifar, A., and Mahmoodi Tabar, S. 2009. Foliar application of potassium and boron during pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit development can improve fruit quality. Horticulture, Environmental and Biotechnology 50 (3): 1-6.
Varasteh Akbarpour, F. 2011. Effect of storage temperature and chitosan postharvest treatment on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit quality and storability. MSc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (in Persian).
Varasteh Akbarpour, F., Arzani, K., Barzegar, M., and Zamani, Z. 2012. Changes in anthocyanins in arils of chitosan-coated pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. Rabbab-e-Neyriz) fruit during cold storage. Food Chemistry 130: 267-272.
Wetzstein, H. Y., Zhang, Z., Ravid, N., and Wetzstein, M. 2011. Characterization of attributes related to fruit size in pomegranare. HortScience 46 (6): 908-912.
Yazici, K., and Kaynak, L. 2009. Effects of kaolin and shading treatment on sunburn on fruit of "Hicnazar" cultivar of pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. Hicnazar). Acta Horticulturae 818: 167-174.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,442 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 722 |
||