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بررسی برخی خصوصیات فیتوشیمیایی گاوزبان ایرانی (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.)تحت تأثیر تراکم گیاهی و کودهای آلی و شیمیایی مختلف | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 33، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 84، مهر 1396، صفحه 649-662 اصل مقاله (284.31 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.109512.1961 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد بهزاد امیری* 1؛ پرویز رضوانیمقدم2؛ محسن جهان3؛ میلاد صالح آبادی4؛ نگار ناصری4 | ||
| 1استادیار، مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد، مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد، خراسان رضوی، ایران | ||
| 2گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران | ||
| 4دانشجوی کارشناسی مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی، مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد، خراسان رضوی، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بهمنظور بررسی اثر تراکم بوته و مقایسه نهادههای اکولوژیک و شیمیایی بر برخی خصوصیات کیفی گاوزبان ایرانی (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.) آزمایشی در دو سال زراعی متوالی 91-1390 و 92-1391 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد بهصورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام شد. کرتهای اصلی و فرعی بهترتیب شامل 3 تراکم کاشت (10، 5 و 3 بوته در مترمربع) و سه نوع کود آلی و یک نوع کود شیمیایی (کمپوست، ورمیکمپوست، کود گاوی، کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و شاهد) بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که بیشترین میزان فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی در تراکم 10 بوته در مترمربع (79 میلیگرم در میلیلیتر) و بیشترین میزان فنول کل در تراکم 5 بوته در مترمربع (51 میلیگرم اسید گالیک در گرم وزن خشک گل) مشاهده شد. کودهای کمپوست، ورمیکمپوست، گاوی و شیمیایی در تراکم 10 بوته در مترمربع، میزان فنول کل را بهترتیب 51، 35، 40 و 63 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش دادند. کاربرد کودهای کمپوست و ورمیکمپوست در تراکم 3 بوته در مترمربع بهترتیب منجر به افزایش 39 و 38 درصدی میزان فلاونوئید کل نسبت به شاهد شد. بیشترین میزان آنتوسیانین کل در تراکم 5 بوته در مترمربع حاصل شد. کودهای ورمیکمپوست و گاوی بهترتیب افزایش 10 و 13 درصدی روغن دانه و افزایش 34 و 13 درصدی پروتئین دانه را در مقایسه با شاهد سبب شدند. بهطور کلی با توجه به یافتههای این پژوهش، به نظر میرسد با استفاده از نهادههای بومسازگار و تعیین تراکم مطلوب گاوزبان ایرانی، میتوان ضمن بهبود کیفیت و سلامت محصول، خسارتهای ناشی از نهادههای شیمیایی را به حداقل رساند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آنتوسیانین کل؛ روغن دانه؛ سلامت محصول؛ فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی؛ نهاده اکولوژیک؛ ورمیکمپوست | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of plant density and different organic and chemical fertilizers on some phytochemical characteristics of Iranian ox-tongue (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M.B. Amiri1؛ P. Rezvani Moghaddam2؛ M. Jahan3؛ M. Salehabadi4؛ N. Naseri4 | ||
| 1Gonabad University, Khorasan Razavi, Iran | ||
| 2Rezvani Moghaddam | ||
| 3Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 4B.Sc. Student of Plant Production, Gonabad University, Khorasan Razavi, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was aimed to investigate the effects of plant density and organic and chemical fertilizers on some phytochemical characteristics of Iranian ox-tongue (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.). The study was conducted as a split plot experiment based on RCBD design with three replications, conducted in 2011-2014, in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The main and sub plots included three plant densities (10, 5 and 3 plants per m2) and three types of organic fertilizers and one type of chemical fertilizer (compost, vermicompost, cow manure, nitrogen chemical fertilizer and control), respectively. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was obtained in a density of 10 plants per m2 (79 mg/ml) and the highest total phenols was observed in a density of 5 plants per m2 (51 mg GAE/g flower DW). Compost, vermicompost, cow manure and chemical fertilizer increased total phenols to 51, 35, 40 and 63%, respectively compared to control. Application of vermicompost and cow manure in a density of 3 plants per m2 increased total flavonoid up to 39 and 38%, respectively compared to control. The highest total anthocyanin was obtained in a density of 5 plants per m2. Vermicompost and cow manure increased the seed oil (10 and 13%), and seed protein content (34 and 13%), respectively compared to control. In general, according to the findings of this research, it seems that the use of eco-friendly inputs and determining the optimal density of Iranian ox-tongue could result in improving the quality and health of product and minimizing the damage caused by chemical inputs. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Total anthocyanin, seed oil, health of product, Antioxidant activity, ecological input, Vermicompost | ||
| مراجع | ||
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