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بررسی تغییرات پوشش اراضی در یک دوره 46 ساله در منطقه کیاسر ساری | ||
| تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 15، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 29، شهریور 1396، صفحه 76-90 اصل مقاله (851.2 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfrpr.2017.113336 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رمضان راعی1؛ زینب جعفریان2؛ جمشید قربانی3 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری ساری، مازندران، ایران | ||
| 2دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، مازندران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تغییرات پوشش اراضی به عنوان یکی از عوامل مهم و مؤثر بر تغییرات منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست به حساب میآیند، بنابراین درک و پیشبینی علل، فرآیندها و نتایج این تغییرات به یک چالش عمده در زمین تبدیل شده است. امروزه با فناوری سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، میتوان در جهت شناسایی و کشف این تغییرات و اثرات آن استفاده کرد. هدف این مطالعه، بررسی تغییر کاربری و پوشش منطقه کیاسر در دوره 46 ساله (از 1345 تا 1391) با استفاده از این فناوری است. برای این منظور نقشه کاربری اراضی در 1345 بهکمک نقشههای توپوگرافی، در 1366 بهکمک تصاویر سنجنده TM و در 1391 بهکمک تصاویر سنجده LISS III تهیه شد. ابتدا پیشپردازش و پردازشهای لازم همچون تصحیح هندسی، اتمسفریک و ایجاد شاخصهای طیفی و نسبتگیری بر روی باندهای هر دو سنجنده انجام شد. پس از تعیین کاربریهای فعلی منطقه، از هر کاربری، نمونه تعلیمی تهیه و تفکیکپذیری آنها با شاخصهای واگرایی انجام شد. برای انجام طبقهبندی از الگوریتمهای حداکثر احتمال، حداقل فاصله، متوازی‌السطوح و برای بررسی تغییرات نیز از روش مقایسه پس از طبقهبندی استفاده شد. یافتهها نشان داد در عرض 46 سال سطح مناطق جنگلی از 16/98 به 39/18 کیلومترمربع رسیده و بهعبارتی 17/43 درصد کاهش داشته است. این اراضی به مناطق فاقد پوشش، اراضی کشاورزی، دیمزارهای رها شده و مرتع تبدیل شدهاند و در این بازهی زمانی سطح آنها به ترتیب 15/14، 61/13، 05/10 و 37/5 درصد افزایش یافتهاند. در مجموع نتایج نشان داد RS دارای قابلیت بالایی در تعیین تغییرات پوشش اراضی است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کاربری اراضی؛ جنگل؛ طبقهبندی؛ سنجنده LISS III؛ کیاسر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of land cover change over a 46-year period in Kiasar region of Sari | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| R. Raie1؛ zeinab jafarian2؛ J. Ghorbani3 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nowadays, detection of land cover changes and their effects on natural resources and the environment has been feasible through the technology of remote sensing and GIS. The present study aimed to assess the coverage change in Kiasar area over a period of 46 years (from 1966 to 2012) using remote sensing technology and satellite images. To this end, we prepared the land use maps for the years 1966, 1987 and 2012 using topographic maps, image of TM sensor and image of LISS III sensor, respectively. At first, the required pre-processing workflow comprising geometric and atmospheric corrections, and the creation of spectral and aspect ratio indices was performed on the bands of both sensors. After determination of current land uses in the study area, the training samples were recorded using GPS from each land uses and resolution of training samples was obtained using transformed divergence severability index. Classification was performed using maximum likelihood, parallel piped and minimum distance classifiers. The changes were compared after classification. The analysis revealed that over a period of 46-year the forest areas declined from 98.16 km2 (53.12% of land area in 1966) to 18.39 km2 (9.95% of land area in 2012). In other words, over this period of time 43.17% of the forest areas were replaced by uncovered land, agricultural lands, dry farm lands and rangelands. These changed areas increased by 14.15, 13.61, 10.05 and 5.37%, respectively. In conclusion, RS has a high capability in detection of the land cover changes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| land use, Forest, LISS III sensor, Classification, Kiasar | ||
| مراجع | ||
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