| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,262 |
| تعداد مقالات | 36,060 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 55,194,000 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 94,190,896 |
تاثیر شخم زمستانه بر کاهش تراکم جمعیت سرخرطومی پسته | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 85، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 104، شهریور 1396، صفحه 11-20 اصل مقاله (273.31 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2017.109364 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا مهرنژاد* 1؛ رضا میرزایی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار،مؤسسه تحقیقات پسته کشور، رفسنجان، صندوق پستی 435/77175 | ||
| 2کارشناس، مؤسسه تحقیقات پسته کشور، رفسنجان، صندوق پستی 435/77175 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سرخرطومی Polydrusus davatchii Hoffmann، آفت جوانه و گل درختان پسته در ابتدای بهار است. این پژوهش در یک باغ پستهی آلوده به آفت سرخرطومی در دوره زمانی 1388-1391 در منطقه بیاض (رفسنجان) انجام شد. بررسی فراوانی شکار حشرات کامل بوسیله قفس ظهور در محل‌های مختلف باغ پسته نشان داد که حشره کامل سرخرطومی فقط از محل‌های پوشیده از بقایای گیاهی مانند برگ‌های خزان کرده و باقیماندهی علف‌های هرز در ناحیه سایه انداز درختان و در طول ماه فروردین از خاک خارج می‌شود. تعداد سرخرطومی شکار شده در سایه انداز درختان فاقد بقایای گیاهی، بطور معنی‌دار کمتر از سایه انداز درختان پوشیده از مواد گیاهی بود. تعداد سرخرطومی شکار شده از محل‌هایی که شخم زدهشده بود نیز بطور معنی دار کمتر از محل‌های شخم زده نشده بدست آمد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که فراوانی حشرات کامل سرخرطومی روی درختان پسته در قطعهی شخم زده شده بطور معنی‌دار کمتر از تعداد سرخرطومی روی اندام‌های هوایی درخت در قطعهی شخم زده نشده است. بر اساس پژوهش حاضر، شخم زمستانهی باغ با عمق حداقل 30 سانتی‌متر در کاهش تراکم جمعیت این آفت تاثیر مثبت داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفت؛ پسته؛ سرخرطومی؛ شخم زمستانه؛ کنترل زراعی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of winter ploughing on reduction of pistachio weevil population density | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. R. MEHRNEJAD1؛ R. MIRZAEI2 | ||
| 2Research assistant | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The weevil Polydrusus davatchii Hoffmann, is a potential pest for pistachio buds and developing flower clusters in early spring. The effect of winter ploughing on weevil’s population density was investigated using emergence traps in a contaminated pistachio orchard through 2009-2012 in Bayaz, 75 Km North-West of Rafsanjan, Iran. It was found that beetles only emerges from soil where naturally covered by plant litters under the pistachio trees’ canopy during 20 March to 20 April. No adult weevil captured through emergence traps in other parts of orchard. The number of weevils that captured under trees canopy having no any plant litters were significantly less than those captured under trees canopy where naturally covered by plant litters. A significant difference was found for the abundance of weevils in plowed and non-plowed areas. In addition, the present field experiment verified that abundance of weevils on aerial parts of trees in plowed plot were significantly lower than those in non-plowed plot. Based on the results, winter ploughing (30 cm depth) of pistachio orchards causes positive effect on reduction of weevils’ population density | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| cultural practices, Pest, pistachio, Polydrusus davatchii, weevil, winter ploughing | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
ARNOLDI, L. V., M. E. TER-MINASSIAN and V. S. SOLODOVNIKOVA, 1974. Weevils. pp. 218–293 in: Nasekomye i kleshchi – vrditeli sel’skokhozyaistvennykh kultur (Insects and mites injurious to agricultural crops). Vol. 2. Coleoptera. Leningrad, Nauka. (In Russian).
BARRATT, B. I. P., G. M. BARKER and P. J. ADDISON, 1996. Sitona lepidus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a potential clover pest to New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist, 19(1): 22–30.
BIGGER, J. H. 1930. Notes on the life history of the clover root curculio, Sitona hispidula Fab., in central Illinois. Journal of Economic Entomology, 23(2): 334–342.
BISSELL, T. L. 1934. Ineffectiveness of surface cultivation to prevent the burrowing of pecan weevil larvae into the soil under pecan trees. Journal of Economic Entomology, 27(6): 1128-1130.
BRIGHT, D. E. 1994. Revision of the genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculioniclar) of North America. Annals of the Entomological society of America, 87(3): 277-306.
CARDINA, J., E. REGNIER and K. HARRISON, 1991. Long·term tillage effect on seed banks in three Ohio soils. Weed Science, 39(2): 186-194.
CHADWICK, C. E. 1965. A review of Fuller's rose weevil, Pantomorus cervinus Boheman (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Journal of Entomological Society of Australia (N.S.W.), 2: 10-20.
COATS, S. A. and C. W. MCCOY, 1990. Fuller rose beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) ovipositional preference on Florida citrus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 83(3): 860-865.
DAVATCHI, G. A. 1958. Étude biologique de la faune entomologiques Des Pistacia sauvages et cultivés. Revue de pathologie végétale et d’Entomologie agricole de France, 37: 1-166.
DEZIANIAN, A. 2005. Investigation on biology of cherry weevil Rhynchites auratus (SCOP) in Shahrood region. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 73(1): 105-117.
DICKER, G. H. L. 1946. The biology of the apple blossom weevil Anthonomus Pomorum L. Journal of Pomology and Horticultural Science, 22(3): 140-152.
FALEIRO, J. R. 2006. A review of the issues and management of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Rhynchophoridae) in coconut and date palm during the last one hundred years. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 26(3): 135-154.
FARIVAR-MEHIN, H. 2002. The important beetle pests of the pistachio trees in Iran. Acta Horticulturae, 591: 549552.
FORTNUM, B. A. and D. L. KARLEN, 1985. Effect of tillage system and irrigation on population densities of plant nematodes in field corn. Journal of Nematology, 17(1): 25-28.
GENCSOYLU, I. and I. YALCIN, 2004. The effect of different tillage systems on cotton pests and predators in cotton fields. Asian journal of plant sciences, 3(1): 39-44.
GERARD, B. M. and R. K. M. HAY, 1979. The effect of earthworms of ploughing, tined cultivation, direct drilling and nitrogen in a barley monoculture system. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 93(1): 147–155.
GOLDSON, S. L. and R. A. FRENCH, 1983. Age-related susceptibility of lucerne to sitona weevil Sitona discoideus Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), larvae and the associated patterns of infestation. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 26(2): 251-255.
HOFFMANN, A. 1956. Curculionides nouveaux rapportés par la Mission G. Remaudière en Iran. Revue de pathologie vègètale et d’entomologie agricole de France, 34 (4): 241–249.
HUSSAIN, S. and A. GHAFFAR, 1993. Effect of tillage practices on the population and viability of sclerotia of Sclerotium oryzae and yield of rice. Pakistan journal of botany, 25(2): 232-234.
JALILVAND, N. 1998. The study of biology and determination of pistachio weevil. Research report, Pistachio research institute, 21 pp.
JEMSI, GH. R. and GH. R. RADJABI, 2003. Study on harvesting agronomic measures and effect of chemical application in controlling the cereal leaf miner Syringopis temperatella Led. (Lep. Elachistidae). In Khuzestan province. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 70(2): 45-62.
KAJTOCH, L. and D. LACHOWSKA-CIERLIK, 2009. Genetic constitution of parthenogenetic form of Polydrususinustus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) - hints of hybrid origin and recombination. Folia biologica (Kraków), 57(3-4): 149-156.
KAJTOCH, L., B. KOROTYAEV and D. LACHOWSKA-CIERLIK, 2012. Genetic distinctness of parthenogenetic forms of European Polydrusus weevils of the subgenus Scythodrusus. Insect Science, 19(2): 183-194.
KESTEN, L. A. 1982. Biological characteristics of the hirsute weevil (Polydrusus pilifer), pest of Geranium sanguineum (Cranesbill). Uzbekskii biologicheskii zhurnal 2: 50–52. (In Russian)
KOROTYAEV, B. A. and J. Ye. MELESHKO, 1995. Characteristic features of the distribution of parthenogenetic weevils with Polydrusus inustus Germ. and P. pilifer Hochh. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) as examples. Fauna and Systematics, Proceedings of the Zoological Museum of the Byelorussian State University. Minsk, 1: 213–227. [In Russian].
LEGALOV, A. A., H. GHAHARI and Yu. G. ARZANOV, 2010. Annotated catalogue of curculionid-beetles (Coleoptera: Anthribidae, Rhynchitidae, Attelabidae, Brentidae, Brachyceridae, Dryophthoridae and Curculionidae) of Iran. Amurian Zoological Journal II (3): 191–244.
MCCOY, C. W. 1999. Arthropod pests of citrus roots, pp 149-156. In: TIMMER, L. W. and DUNCAN, L. W. (eds), Citrus health management. St. Paul: APS Press. 197 pp.
MEHRNEJAD, M. R. 2001. The current status of pistachio pests in Iran. Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes, 56: 315-322.
MEHRNEJAD, M. R. 2008. Seasonal biology and abundance of Psyllaephagus pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a biocontrol agent of the common pistachio psylla Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 18 (4): 409-417.
MEHRNEJAD, M. R. 2014. The pests of pistachio trees in Iran, natural enemies and control. Sepehr publication, Tehran, Iran. 272 pp. (in Persian).
MEHRNEJAD, M. R. and M. J. W. COPLAND, 2005. The seasonal forms and reproductive potential of the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hem.: Psylloidea). Journal of Applied Entomology, 129(6): 342-346.
MEHRNEJAD, M. R., J. Ye. MELESHKO and B. A. KOROTYAEV, 2017. Morphological description and observations on the biology of Polydrusus davatchii Hoffmann, a pest of pistachio trees in Iran (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Entiminae). Biologia, in press.
MELESHKO, J. E. and B. A. KOROTYAEV, 2005. Two new species of the weevil genus Polydrusus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) from southern Iran, pp. 289–297. In: KONSTANTINOV, A.; TISHECHKIN A. and PENEV, L. (eds.), Contributions to Systematics and Biology of Beetles. Papers celebrating the 80th birthday of Igor Konstantinovich Lopatin. Pensoft, Sofia, Moscow; Series Faunistica, 43: 388 pp.
MENU, F. and D. DEBOUZIE, 1995. Larval developmental variation and adult emergence in the chestnut weevil Curculio elephas Gyllenhal (Col., Curculionidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 119(1-5): 279–284.
MURRAY, P. J. and R. O. CLEMENTS, 1994. Investigations of the host feeding preferences of Sitona weevils found commonly on white clover (Trifolium repens) in the UK. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 71(1): 73–79.
POLLARD, F. and G. W. GUSSANS, 1981. The inf1uence of tillage on the weed flora in a succession of winter cereal crops on a sandy loam soil. Weed Research, 21(3-4): 185-190.
SOUTHWOOD, T. R. E. 1978. Ecological methods with particular reference to the study of insect populations (2nd ed.), Chapman and Hall, London, 524 pp.
SPEIGHT, M. R. 2005. Sampling insects from tree: shoots, stems, and trunk, pp 77-115. In: Leather, S. R. (ed.), Insect Sampling in Forest Ecosystems. Blackwell publishing, London, UK. 320 pp.
TYLER, D. D., J. R. OVERTON and A. Y. CHAMBERS, 1983. Tillage effects on soil properties, diseases, cyst nematodes, and soybean yields. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 38(4): 374-376.
VELÁZQUEZ-DE-CASTRO, A. J., B. GHARALI and B. A. KOROTYAEV, 2014. Polydrusus nadaii Meleshko & Korotyaev, a possible new pest for pistachio trees in Iran (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, 119(3): 315-318. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,307 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 844 |
||