| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,975 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,408 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,904,252 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,405,787 |
بررسی تغییر کاربری بر پویایی کربن و نیتروژن و برخی ویژگیهای حاصلخیزی خاک در منطقه جنگلی پردانان پیرانشهر | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 23، شماره 3، مهر 1394، صفحه 478-489 اصل مقاله (316.2 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2015.105653 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| میرحسن رسولی صدقیانی* 1؛ صبری کریمی2؛ حبیب خداوردیلو1؛ محسن برین3؛ عباس بانج شفیعی4 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استفاده از سیستمهای مختلف خاک‌ورزی پس از تغییر غیراصولی کاربری اراضی سبب تسریع تجزیه ماده آلی خاک می‌شود. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر تغییر کاربری اراضی جنگلی به مرتع و زمینهای کشاورزی بر کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل و شکلهای معدنی نیتروژن (نیترات و آمونیوم) انجام شد. بدین منظور از کاربری های جنگلی و تغییریافته به مرتع، باغ و زراعت منطقه پردانان پیرانشهر، 40 نمونه خاک از لایه سطحی صفر تا 15 سانتیمتری تهیه شد، سپس مقادیر کربن آلی، نیترات، آمونیم، نیتروژن کل و برخی ویژگیهای خاک در نمونه ها اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که در اثر تغییر کاربری از جنگل به زراعت، میزان کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل و نسبت نیتروژن کل به نیتروژن معدنی به طور معنی داری به‌ترتیب به میزان 44، 46 و 49 درصد کاهش داشت. شکلهای معدنی نیتروژن در اراضی تغییر کاربری یافته به زراعت و باغ به طور متوسط 80 درصد افزایش نشان داد. مقدار هدایت الکتریکی خاک‌های جنگلی نیز در اثر تغییر کاربری به باغ و زراعت، به طور معنی داری کاهش یافت. همچنین اسیدیته و درصد آهک در کاربری باغ به‌طور معنی داری بیشتر از بقیه کاربری ها بود. بیشترین مقدار کلسیم و سدیم تبادلی در کاربری زراعی به‌دست آمد. درنتیجه می‌توان بیان کرد که تغییر کاربری جنگل به اراضی زراعی به‌دلیل کاهش ورودی کربن آلی و انجام عملیات خاک‌ورزی مختلف می تواند در درازمدت باعث کاهش کیفیت و ماده آلی خاک شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تغییر کاربری؛ جنگل‌تراشی؛ ویژگیهای خاک؛ شکلهای معدنی نیتروژن؛ کربن و نیتروژن آلی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of land-use change on Carbon and Nitrogen dynamics and selected soil fertility properties in forest ecosystems of Perdanan region of Piranshahr, West Azerbaijan | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mir Hassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani1؛ Sabri Karimi2؛ Habib Khodaverdiloo1؛ Mohsen Barin3؛ Abbas Banedg-Shafiei4 | ||
| 1Associate Prof., Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. | ||
| 2M.Sc. Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Prof., Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Using different tillage systems following unscientific land-use change lead to accelerated decomposition of soil organic matter. This study was performed to investigate the effects of forest conversion into rangeland, garden and agriculture on organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics as well as mineral nitrogen forms (nitrate and ammonium) contents. To this aim, 40 soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were taken from different land-use classes including forest, rangeland, garden and agriculture in Perdanan region of Piranshahr in West Azerbaijan province. Organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate, ammonium and a number of soil properties were measured in soil samples. The results showed that organic carbon, total nitrogen and the ratio of total nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen (Nt/Nmin) were shown to significantly decrease by 44, 46 and 49 percent, respectively due to land-use change from forest to agricultural cultivation. The mineral nitrogen forms in garden and agriculture classes increased approximately by 80 percent. In addition, soil EC was shown to decrease due to land-use conversion from forest to garden and agriculture. Moreover, Calcium carbonate percentage and pH in the garden were significantly higher than the other land-use classes. The highest amount of exchangeable Ca and Na were found in agricultural land-use. Therefore land-use change from forest to agricultural systems is concluded to reduce soil quality and organic matter in long-term due to decreasing organic matter inputs and exerting different tillage activities. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Land-use change, deforestation, soil properties, nitrogen mineral forms, organic carbon and nitrogen | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Aguilar, R., Kelly, E.F. and Heil, R.D., 1988. Effect of cultivation on soil in northern Great Plains rangeland. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 52: 1081-1085. - Amini, R., Rahmani, R. and Habashi, H., 2011. Nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon dynamics of hornbeam leaf litter (Case study: District one, Shastkalate forest, Gorgan). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 19: 94-103 (In Persian). - Antheunisse, A.M., Loeb, R., Miletto, M., Lamers, L.P.M., Laanbroek, H.J. and Verhoeven, J.T.A., 2007. Response of nitrogen dynamics in semi-natural and agricultural 397 Grass land soils to experimental variation in tide and salinity. Plant and Soil, 292: 45-61. - Baldock, J.A. and Nelson, P.N., 2000. Soil organic matter, In: Sumner, M.E. (Ed.), Handbook of Soil Science, CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 25-84. - Carter, M.R., Gregorich, E.G., Angers, D.A., Donald, R.G. and Bolinder, M.A., 1998. Organic C and N storage and organic C fractions in adjacent cultivated and forested soils of eastern Canada. Soil and Tillage Research, 47: 253-261. - Chapman, H.D. and Pratt, P.F., 1978. Methods of Analysis for Soils, Plants, and Water. University of California Publications, pp. 70-72. - Cleveland, C.C., Townsend, A.R., Constance, B.C. and Schmidt, S.K., 2002. Soil microbial dynamics and biogeochemical cycling in lowland tropical rain forests and pastures of southwestern Costa Rica. Ecological Applications, 13: 314-326. - Dawson, J.J.C. and Smith, P., 2007. Carbon losses from soil and its consequences for land use management. Science of the Total Environment, 382: 165-190. - Elberling, B., Fensholt, R., Larsen, L., Petersen, A.I.S. and Sandholt, I., 2003. Water content and land use history controlling soil CO2 respiration and carbon stock in savannah soil and groundnut fields in semi-arid Senegal. Danish Journal of Geography, 103: 47-56. - Feng, Z., Wang, X. and Feng, Z., 2005. Soil N and salinity leaching after the autumn irrigation and its impact on groundwater in Hetao Irrigation District. China. Agricultural Water Management, 71: 131-143. - Fu, B.J., Guo, X.D., Chen, L.D., Ma, K.L. and Li, J.R., 2001. Soil nutrient changes due to land use changes in Northern China: a case study in Zunhua Country Hebei Provine. Soil Use and Management, 17: 294-296. - Gee, G.H. and Bauder, J.W., 1986. Particle size analysis. In: Klute, A., (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Physical Properties. SSSA, Madison, WI. 9, pp: 383-411. - Ghorbanzadeh, N., Salehi, A. and Kahneh, E., 2013. Soil and litter nutrient elements comparison of different poplar species and clones (Case study: Safrabasteh Poplar Experimental Station). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21: 277-285 (In Persian). - Hagedorn, F., Maurer, S. and Egli, P., 2001. Carbon sequestration in forest soils: effects of soil type, atmospheric CO2 enrichment, and N deposition. European Journal of Soil Science, 52: 619-628. - Hassink, J., 1997. The capacity of soils to preserve organic C and N by their association with clay and silt particle. Plant and Soil, 191: 77-87. - Islam, K.R. and Weil, R.R., 2000. Soil quality indicator properties in mid-Atlantic soils as influenced by conservation management. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 55: 69-78. - Kiss, S., Dragan- Bularda, M. and Radulescu, D., 1975. Biological significance of enzymes in ecosystem. Environment, 98: 285-293. - Khormali, F. and Shamsi, S., 2009. Micromorphology and quality attribute of the loess derived soils affected by land use change: A case study in Ghapan watershed, Northern Iran. Soil Science, 6:197-204. - Lal, R., 2004. Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security. Science, 304: 1623-1626. - Lemenih, M. and Itanna, F., 2004. Soil carbon stock and turnovers in various vegetation types and arable lands along an elevation gradient in southern Ethiopia. Geoderma, 123: 177-188. - Li, X.G., Li, F.M., Zed, R., Zhan, Z.Y. and Singh, B., 2007. Soil physical properties and their relations to organic carbon pools as affected by land use in an alpine pastureland, Geoderma, 15: 98-105. - Malakpour, B., Ahmadi, T. and Kazemi-Mazandarani, S., 2011. The effects of land use exchange on physical and chemical properties in Kohneh Lashak Kojour, Nowshahr. Journal of Science and techniques in Natural Resources, 6(3): 115-126 (In Persian). - Marinari, S., Mancinelli, R. Campiglia, E. and Grego, S., 2006. Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional farming systems in central Italy. Ecological Indicators, 6: 701-711. - McLean, E.O., 1982. Soil pH and lime requirement. In: Page, A.L., (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Pp. 199-224. - Merino, A., Perez-Batallon, P. and Macias, F., 2004. Responses of soil organic matter and greenhouse gas fluxes to soil management and land use change in a humid temperate region of southern Europe. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36: 917- 925. - Nael, M., Khademi, H. and Hajabbasi, M.A., 2004. Response of soil quality indicators and their spatial variability to land degradation in central Iran. Applied Soil Ecology, 27: 221- 231. - Nelson, D.W. and Sommers, L.E., 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. InPage, A.L., (Ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, 2nd ed. SSSA Book Ser. 5.SSSA, Madison,WI. pp. 539-579 - Niknahad-Gharmakher, H. and Maramaei M., 2011. Effects of land use changes on soil properties (Case Study: the Kechik catchment). Journal of Sustainable Management of Soil, 1(2): 81-96 (In Persian). - Presley, D.R., Ransom, M.D., Kluitenberg, G.J. and Finnell, P.R., 2004. Effect of thirty years irrigation on the genesis and morphology of two semiarid soils in Kansas. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 68: 1916-1926. - Puladi, N., Delavar, M.A., Golchin, A. and Mosavi Koper, A., 2013. Effect of alder and poplar plantation on soil quality and carbon sequestration (A case study: Safrabasteh Poplar Experimental Station). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21: 286-299 (In Persian). - Rasmussen, P.E. and Douglas, C.L., 1992. The influence of tillage and cropping intensity on cereal response to N, sulfur and P. Fertilizer Research, 31:15-19. - Rezapour, S., 2014. Response of some soil attributes to different land use types in calcareous soils with Mediterranean type climate in north-west of Iran. Environmental Earth Sciences, 71: 2199-2210. - Rezapour, S., Samadi, A. and Khodaverdiloo, H., 2012. Impact of long-term wastewater irrigation on variability of soil attributes along a landscape in semi-arid region of Iran. Environmental Earth Sciences, 67: 1713-1723. - Salardini, A.A., 1995. Soil Fertility. University of Tehran Press, 428p (In Persian). - Schoenholtz, S., 2000. A review of chemical and physical properties as indicators of forest soil quality: challenges and opportunities. Forest Ecology and Management, 137: 13-28. - Sharma, P. and Ray, S.C., 2007. Carbon sequestration with land-use cover change in a Himalayan watershed. Geoderma, 139: 371-378. - Solaimani, K. and Azmoudeh A., 2011. Investigation of land use change effects on some physical and chemical properties, as well as the soil erodibility. Physical Geography Research Quarterly, 74: 111-124. - Stevens, A. and Wesemael B.V., 2008. Soil organic carbon dynamics at the regional scale as influenced by land use history: a case study in forest soils from southern Belgium. Soil Use and Management 24, 69-79. - Stoate C., Boatman, N.D., Borralho Rio Carvalho, R.J., Snoo, C. and Eden, P.G.R., 2001. Ecological impacts of arable intensification in Europe. Journal of Environmental Management, 63: 337-365. - Tan, Z. and Lal, R., 2005. Carbon sequestration potential estimates with changes in land use and tillage practice in Ohio, USA. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 111: 140-152. - Tandon, H.L.S., 1993. Methods of analysis of soils, plants, waters and fertilizer. Published by Fertiliser Development and Consultation Organization, New Delhi, India. - Varamesh, S., Hosseini, S.M., Abdi, N. and Akbarinia, M., 2010. Increment of soil carbon sequestration due to forestation and its relation with some physical and chemical factors of soil. Iranian Journal of Forest, 2: 25-35 (In Persian). - Whalen, J.K. and Chang, C., 2002. Macroaggregate characteristics in cultivated soils after 25 annual manure applications. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66: 1637-1647. - Wu, R. and Tiessen H., 2002. Effect of land use on soil degradation in Alpine grassland soil, China. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66: 1648-1655. - Zach, A., Tiessen, H. and Noellemeyer, E., 2006. Carbon turnover and 13C natural abundance under land use change in the semiarid La Pampa, Argentina. Soil Science Society American Journal, 70: 1541-1546. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,482 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,048 |
||