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مطالعهی برخی از مکانیسمهای آنتاگونیستی جدایههای قارچ Talaromyces flavus علیه Verticillium dahliae و Verticillium albo-atrum عوامل بیماری پژمردگی در چند محصول زراعی مهم | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 1، شماره 1، شهریور 1392، صفحه 13-28 اصل مقاله (388.62 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2013.100596 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لاله نراقی* 1؛ اصغر حیدری2؛ سعید رضایی1؛ محمد رضوی1 | ||
| 1گروه بیماریشناسی گیاهی دانشکدهی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران | ||
| 2بخش تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهان، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژمردگی ورتیسلیومی از مهمترین بیماریهای گیاهان زراعی از قبیل پنبه، گوجهفرنگی، سیبزمینی و خیار گلخانهای محسوب شده و باعث وارد شدن خسارات فراوان به این محصولات مهم میشود. کنترل بیولوژیک میتواند یکی از مناسبترین روشها جهت مدیریت این بیماری باشد. در این پژوهش، برای بررسی مکانیسمهای آنتاگونیستی Talaromyces flavus، ابتدا عوامل بیماریزا و قارچ آنتاگونیست T. flavus از مناطق کشت گیاهان فوق بهترتیب توسط محیط کشتهای Komada وTF جداسازی شد. سپس، مکانیسمهای آنتاگونیستی آنها از جمله میکوپارازیتیسم، تولید ترکیبات فرار و غیرفرار روی رشد عوامل بیماریزای فوق مطالعه گردید. در این پژوهش، 60 جدایهی T. flavus استفاده شد که بهترتیب 23، 15، 14 و 8 جدایه به مناطق کشت پنبه، گوجهفرنگی، سیبزمینی و خیار گلخانهای تعلق داشت. برای پنبه و سیبزمینی با عوامل پژمردگی Verticillium dahliae و Verticillium albo-atrum، بیشترین میانگین درصد بازدارندگی (51/81 و 93/64) بهترتیب توسط جدایههای TF-Co-G-1 وTF-Po-V-48 بهدست آمد و در هر دو جدایه، ترکیبات غیرفرار بیشترین تأثیر را روی بازدارندگی رشد عامل بیماریزا نشان دادند. درحالیکه، برای گوجهفرنگی و خیار گلخانهای با عامل بیماریزای V. albo-atrum، بیشترین میانگین درصد بازدارندگی (67/73 و 78/54) بهترتیب توسط جدایههای TF-To-V-31 و TF-Cu-V-60 موجب شد. براساس بررسیهای انجامشده، مؤثرترین مکانیسم بازدارندگی این دو جدایه، تولید ترکیبات فرار بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Talaromyces flavus؛ مکانیسمهای آنتاگونیستی؛ Verticillium dahliae؛ Verticillium albo-atrum؛ پنبه؛ سیبزمینی؛ گوجهفرنگی؛ خیار گلخانهای | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study on some antagonistic mechanisms of Talaromyces flavus against Verticillium dahliae and Verticillium albo-atrum , the causal agents of wilt disease in several important crops | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Laleh Naraghi1؛ Asghar Heydari2؛ Saeed Rezaee1؛ Mohammad Razavi1 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Verticillium wilt is one of the most important diseases of cotton, tomato, potato and greenhouse cucumber that causes serious losses in these crops. Biological control could be an effective strategy for controlling this disease. In this study, for the investigation of antagonistic mechanisms of Talaromyces flavus, first, pathogenic agents and antagonistic fungus were isolated from cultivated regions of above-mentioned crops using Komada and TF culture media respectively. In next step, antagonistic mechanisms of T. flavus including mycoparasitism, volatile metabolites production and non-volatile metabolites production were studied separately. In this study, sixty T. flavus isolates were used from which 23, 15, 14 and 8 isolates belonged to cotton, tomato, potato and greenhouse cucumber respectively. For cotton and potato wilt disease caused by V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum respectively, maximum inhibitory percents (81.51 and 64.93%) were mediated by TF-Co-G-1 and TF-Po-V-48 respectively. Non-volatile metabolites played the most important role in their antagonistic activity. However, for tomato and greenhouse cucumber wilt disease caused by V. albo-atrom, maximum inhibitory percents (73.67 and 54.78%) were mediated by TF-To-V-31 and TF-Cu-V-60 respectively. According to the results, the most effective antagonistic mechanisms of these isolates was volatile metabolites production. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Talaromyces flavus, Antagonistic mechanisms, Verticillium dahliae, Verticillium albo-atrum, cotton, Potato, tomato, greenhouse cucumber | ||
| مراجع | ||
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