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پیش‌بینی الگوی سبزشدن جمعیت‌های مختلف یولاف وحشی (Avena ludoviciana) | ||
| دانش علف‌های هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 11، شماره 1، شهریور 1394، صفحه 91-104 اصل مقاله (902.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سمیه فروزش* 1؛ حمید رحیمیان مشهدی1؛ حسن علیزاده1؛ مصطفی اویسی2؛ میترا تعصب شیرازی3 | ||
| 1پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3دانشگاه علوم تحقیقات | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یولاف وحشی علفهرز بسیار مهم در غلات دانه ریز می‌باشد. زمانی می‌توان به کنترل مناسب یولاف وحشی دست یافت که درک بهتری از الگوهای سبزشدن آن داشت. جهت بررسی الگوی سبز شدن جمعیت‌های مختلف یولاف‌وحشیAvena ludoviciana شش جمعیت این علفهرز از مناطق مختلف کشور، در آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 92-1391 در مزرعة پژوهشی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران واقع در کرج، کشت شدند. جمعیت‌های یولاف‌وحشی از مناطق اهواز، کرج، کامیاران، قزوین، شیراز و اصفهان جمع‌آوری شدند و الگوی سبزشدن آنها در دو شرایط رطوبتی (آبیاری و دیم) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشاندادند که سبزشدن جمعیت‌های یولاف‌وحشی به طور میانگین از 306 درجه روز رشد در مزرعه شروع شد و برای رسیدن به 50% سبزشدن، در شرایط آبیاری به درجه روز رشد کمتری (461 تا 482 درجه روز رشد) در مقایسه با شرایط دیم (546 تا 665 درجه روز رشد) نیاز داشتند. درجه روز رشد مورد نیاز برای رسیدن به 50 درصد سبزشدن در جمعیت‌های یولاف‌وحشی قزوین و اهواز در دو شرایط رطوبتی تفاوتی نداشت. در بین جمعیت‌های یولاف‌وحشی، جمعیت اهواز در شرایط دیم و آبیاری بیشترین زمان را برای رسیدن به 50 درصد سبز شدن (به ترتیب 784 و 755 درجه روز رشد) نیاز داشت. امکان پیش‌بینی الگوی سبزشدن علف‌های‌هرز، اتخاذ زمان مناسب کنترل را فراهم می‌آورد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد می‌توان بر اساس درجه روز رشد حاصل از دمای خاک، ظهور یولاف‌وحشی را پیش‌بینی کرد. این پیش‌بینی می‌تواند بر روی عملیات مدیریت این علفهرز مثل زمان انجام ماخار و یا پاشش علف‌‌کش، مؤثر باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| یولاف وحشی؛ دمای خاک؛ درجه روز رشد؛ شرایط رطوبتی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Predicting Seedling Emergence of Different Wild Oat (Avena ludoviciana) | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Wild oat is an economically important annual weed throughout small grains production areas. Timely and more accurate control of wild oat may be developed if there is a better understanding of its emergence patterns. Sixwild oat populations, collected from different climate regions, were sown in agricultural reaserch field of University of Tehran located at Karaj, Iran during 2012-2013 growing season. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks with factorial arrangement of treatments in three replications. Wild oat populations were collected from Ahvaz, Karaj, Kamyaran, Ghazvin, Shiraz and Isfahan. Seedling emergence pattern was surveyed under rain fed and irrigated conditions. Rusults indicated that seedlings emergence were started in 306 growing degrees day (GDD) Less GDD was needed for irrigated (461-482) compared with rain fed conditions (546-665 GDD) to reach 50% emergence. There was no difference of GDD to reach 50% emergence, in Ghazvin and Ahvaz populations under the two moisture conditions. Among wild oat populations, Ahvaz needed maximum growing degree days to reach 50% emergence, receiving 784 and 755 GDD under rainfed and irrigated conditions, respectively. Overall, the results showed that wild oat emergence could be predicted based on growing degree days from soil temperature. This approach can help to provide appropriate time of wild oat control. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Growing degree day, moisture condition, Soil temperature, wild oat | ||
| مراجع | ||
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