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حسگرهای شیمیایی در صنایع غذایی: مروری بر پیشرفت‌ها، مزایا و چالش‌های اجرایی | ||
| تحقیقات مهندسی صنایع غذایی | ||
| دوره 25، شماره 2، شهریور 1405، صفحه 19-36 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مروری | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/fooder.2026.372647.1450 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| هما بهمدی* 1؛ نگار روشنی دهلقی2؛ شهین زمردی3 | ||
| 1موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی ،کرج. ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، پردیس بین‌المللی ارس، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استاد. مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی، آموزش و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| حسگرهای شیمیایی به‌عنوان ابزارهایی نوین در پایش کیفیت و ایمنی مواد غذایی، در سال‌های اخیر جایگاه ویژه‌ای در پژوهش و صنعت یافته‌اند. این فناوری‌ها با فراهم‌سازی امکان شناسایی سریع، دقیق و در محل ترکیبات هدف، نقش مؤثری در کنترل فرآیندهای تولید، نگهداری و توزیع ایفا می‌کنند. مطالعه حاضر در قالب یک مرور روایی جامع و تحلیل انتقادیِ دستاوردهای پژوهشی اخیر، به بررسی پیشرفت‌های اخیر در حوزه طراحی حسگرهای الکتروشیمیایی، نوری، جرمی و زیستی، کاربرد آن‌ها در تشخیص آلودگی‌ها، فساد و عوامل بیماری‌زا و تحلیل مزایای به‌کارگیری آن‌ها شامل کاهش هزینه آزمون‌ها، افزایش دقت و تسهیل پایش برخط می‌پردازد. با وجود این دستاوردها، چالش‌هایی نظیر ناپایداری عملکرد در بافت‌های پیچیده غذایی، تداخل ترکیبات مزاحم، دشواری کالیبراسیون، هزینه‌های تولید و نبود استانداردسازی بین‌المللی، مانع توسعه صنعتی گسترده این فناوری‌هاست. با این حال، پیشرفت در نانومواد، زیست‌فناوری و هوش مصنوعی در حال رفع تدریجی این موانع است و مسیر تجاری‌سازی حسگرهای پایدار، مقرون‌به‌صرفه و قابل اعتماد را هموار می‌سازد. در آینده، ادغام این فناوری‌ها با اینترنت اشیا، سیستم‌های کنترل هوشمند و بسته‌بندی‌های فعال، چشم‌اندازی روشن از زنجیره تأمین غذایی ایمن‌تر، کارآمدتر و پایدارتر ترسیم می‌کند. این تحولات نه‌تنها کیفیت و ایمنی غذایی را ارتقا می‌دهند بلکه بنیانی برای شکل‌گیری صنعت غذای هوشمند جهانی فراهم خواهند کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| حسگرهای شیمیایی؛ ایمنی مواد غذایی؛ نانوفناوری؛ پایش برخط؛ تجاری‌سازی فناوری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Chemical Sensors in the Food Industry: Advances, Advantages, and Implementation Challenges | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Homa Behmadi1؛ Negar Roshani-Dehlaghi2؛ Shahin Zomorodi3 | ||
| 1Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Food Science and Industry, Ares International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Agricultural Engineering Research Department, West Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Biosensors represent one of the most innovative technologies developed in recent decades in the field of the food industry. By integrating biotechnology, materials engineering, and data science, these systems enable accurate, rapid, and cost-effective monitoring of food quality and safety. Biosensors are designed based on sensitive biological elements such as enzymes, antibodies, or DNA, allowing them to detect chemical compounds, pathogens, and contaminants at very low concentrations. The present study, in the form of a comprehensive narrative review and critical analysis, examines recent research achievements and technological advancements of biosensors in the food sector, and analyzes their applications in areas such as microbial contamination detection, raw material quality control, supply chain monitoring, and the development of smart packaging systems. Advances in nanotechnology, micro-systems, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) have significantly enhanced the sensitivity of biosensors. Despite advantages such as high accuracy and real-time performance, several challenges remain, including performance instability in complex food matrices, biological stability, commercialization, and industrial standardization. The future of this technology lies in its integration with digital systems, biocompatible materials, and sustainable production processes. Such an approach can accelerate the transition toward a smart, transparent, and safe food industry, contributing significantly to the achievement of global food security. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chemical sensors, Food safety, Nanotechnology, Real-time monitoring, Technology commercialization | ||
| مراجع | ||
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