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ارزیابی هزینه- فایده رویکردهای مختلف توصیههای کودی برنج رقم هاشمی در اراضی شالیزاری شهرستان رشت (مطالعه موردی: اراضی شالیزاری سنگر) | ||
| پژوهش های خاک | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 23 شهریور 1405 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsr.2026.373433.827 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد خانه عنقا* 1؛ جعفر اصغری1؛ ناصر دواتگر2؛ محمود شعبانپور3 | ||
| 1گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، گیلان، ایران | ||
| 2موسسه تحقیقات آب و خاک، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بهمنظور ارزیابی اقتصادی رویکردهای مختلف مدیریت تغذیه در اراضی شالیزاری، پژوهشی در سال زراعی ۱۴۰۲–۱۴۰۱ در بخش سنگر شهرستان رشت و در نه مزرعه شالیزاری اجرا شد. در این پژوهش، با استفاده از آزمایش کرتهای حذف عناصر غذایی، وضعیت تأمین عناصر غذایی بومی خاک بررسی و شش تیمار مدیریت تغذیه در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با نه تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بهره اقتصادی رویکردهای مختلف توصیه کودی متفاوت بود. مدیریت تغذیه متداول زارعین، بدون توجه به وضعیت حاصلخیزی خاک، در مقایسه با مدیریت تغذیه مبتنی بر آزمایش خاک، عملکرد و بهره اقتصادی کمتری داشت. همچنین، ترکیب مدیریت تغذیه مبتنی بر آزمایش خاک و پیشتیمار بذر با محلول عناصر غذایی، در مقایسه با مدیریت تغذیه متداول زارعین، موجب افزایش میانگین عملکرد شلتوک به میزان ۱۲۴۸ کیلوگرم در هکتار و افزایش بهره اقتصادی به مقدار ۵۰۶٬۴۸۵٬۰۰۰ ریال شد. بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه، مدیریت تغذیه مبتنی بر آزمایش خاک همراه با پیشتیمار بذر، در شرایط مزارع مورد مطالعه، میتواند رویکردی مناسب برای بهبود عملکرد و افزایش سود اقتصادی تولید برنج باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| نیتروژن؛ فسفر؛ پتاسیم؛ بهره اقتصادی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Cost–Benefit Analysis of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Approaches for Hashemi Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Paddy Fields of Rasht County: A Case Study of Sangar District | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Khaneh Angha1؛ Jafar Asghari1؛ Naser Davatgar2؛ Mahmoud Shabanpour3 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran | ||
| 2Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Objectives: Conventional nutrient management practices adopted by rice farmers, often without considering soil fertility status, together with the rising cost of agricultural inputs, particularly chemical fertilizers, can adversely affect the productivity and profitability of this strategic crop. Therefore, implementing a nutrient management approach tailored to soil fertility status can improve grain yield, enhance farmers' economic returns, and contribute to the sustainable production of rice at the national level. In this study, the contribution of indigenous soil nutrient supply was quantified, and the effects of different nutrient management approaches on grain yield and economic productivity were evaluated and compared with the conventional nutrient management practices of rice farmers. Methodology: This study was conducted during the 2022–2023 growing season in the paddy fields of Sangar District, Guilan Province, Iran. The experiment was carried out in nine farmers' fields using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and nine replications to quantify the contribution of indigenous soil nutrient supply (ISNS). Before establishing the field experiments, composite soil samples were collected from the 0–30 cm soil layer of each selected paddy field to determine soil fertility status. The geographic coordinates (UTM) of each sampling site were recorded using a GPS receiver. The experimental treatments consisted of: (1) nitrogen omission (N0PK), (2) phosphorus omission (NP0K), (3) potassium omission (NPK0), (4) soil test-based fertilizer recommendation (NPK), (5) seed pretreatment combined with soil test-based fertilizer recommendation (N1P1K1), and (6) farmers' conventional fertilizer management (Farmer). Seed pretreatment was carried out using a nutrient solution containing 5% seaweed extract, 15% zinc, 4% potassium, 4% phosphorus, and 4% nitrogen. In each field, experimental plots measuring 3 × 3 m were established and separated from the surrounding area by bunds. Rice seedlings (Hashemi cultivar) were transplanted simultaneously in all experimental plots at a spacing of 20 × 20 cm, with three seedlings per hill. For yield determination, plants were harvested from a 1 m² area in the center of each plot. The harvested samples were transferred to the laboratory, and grain yield was calculated at a standard moisture content of 14%. The contribution of indigenous soil nutrient supply and the economic performance of the different nutrient management strategies were evaluated according to the methodology proposed by Dobermann and Fairhurst. Results: The soil fertility assessment of the experimental fields showed that the average contents of total nitrogen (0.17%), available phosphorus (9.82 mg kg⁻¹), and soil organic carbon (1.66%) were below their respective critical levels, whereas available potassium (315.56 mg kg⁻¹) was above the critical level. The average indigenous soil nutrient supply of nitrogen and phosphorus was estimated at 22.21 and 5.82 kg ha⁻¹, respectively, indicating that these two nutrients were the major limiting factors for rice production in the study area. The lowest grain yield (1,855 kg ha⁻¹) was recorded in the nitrogen omission treatment (N0PK), whereas the highest grain yield (4,482 kg ha⁻¹) was obtained under the soil test-based nutrient management approach. Economic analysis demonstrated that the highest economic return was achieved under the soil test-based nutrient management approach combined with seed pretreatment using a nutrient solution. Compared with the conventional fertilizer management practiced by farmers, this integrated approach increased economic profit by 39%, resulting in an additional net profit of 506,485,000 Rials. Furthermore, by accounting for indigenous soil nutrient supply and enhancing early crop establishment through seed pretreatment, this strategy improved grain yield while increasing fertilizer use efficiency and economic productivity. Conclusion: Given that farmers' management of agricultural inputs, particularly chemical fertilizers, is often carried out without considering soil nutrient requirements, and in view of the increasing cost of agricultural inputs, the economic evaluation of fertilizer recommendation strategies has become increasingly important for farm households. Implementing a soil test-based nutrient management approach combined with seed pretreatment using a nutrient solution, while accounting for the contribution of indigenous soil nutrient supply, can prevent excessive fertilizer application and ensure that nutrients are supplied when rice plants require them most. Consequently, this integrated nutrient management strategy not only improves grain yield but also increases economic returns by 39% compared with farmers' conventional nutrient management practices. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Economic Benefit | ||
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