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برخی ویژگیهای زیستی و باروری زنبور Fopius carpomyiae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)، پارازیتوئید مگس میوه کُنارCarpomyia vesuviana (Diptera: Tephritidae) | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 27 مرداد 1405 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2026.373150.418 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سید رضا گلستانه* 1؛ زهرا محمدی2 | ||
| 1استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران. | ||
| 2کارشناس پژوهش ، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زنبور Fopius carpomyiae Silvestri (Hym.: Braconidae) یک پارازیتوئید تخم – شفیره روی مگس میوه کنار Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Dip.: Tephritidae) در جنوب ایران است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی برخی ویژگیهای باروری و زیستی این زنبور پارازیتوئید به منظور تعیین کارایی و استفاده در برنامه کنترل بیولوژیکی انجام شد. برای تشکیل جمعیت همسن، مگسهای ماده جفتگیری کرده با سن دو هفته (به نسبت 1 به 5: مگس ماده به میوه کُنار) به مدت 24 ساعت در معرض میوههای کُنار گونه Lamk Ziziphus mauritiana قرار گرفتند. سپس میوههای آلوده به تخمهای مگس میوه، به ظروف پلاستیکی کوچک که حاوی 20 گرم رژیم غذایی لاروی مگس های میوه بود، منتقل شدند. برای تولید جمعیت همسن زنبور پارازیتوئید، میوههای کُنار حاوی تخمهای یک روزهی مگس C. vesuviana ، به مدت 24 ساعت در معرض زنبورهای ماده جفتگیری کرده (7–8 روزه) قرار گرفتند (به نسبت 1 به 3 زنبور ماده به میوه کُنار آلوده به تخم مگس). سپس میوههای آلوده به ظروف پلاستیکی کوچک ، حاوی 20 گرم رژیم غذایی لاروی، منتقل شدند. به منظور ارزریابی پراسنجه های باروری، 10 جفت زنبور پارازیتوئید تازه ظهور شده به طور تصادفی از کلنی ها انتخاب شدند. سپس هر جفت به صورت جداگانه در یک ظرف پرورش پلاستیکی قرار داده شد. زنبورهای پارازیتوئید بصورت روزانه در معرض یک میوه کنار Z. mauritiana قرار گرفتند. میوه ها بصورت روزانه تا زمانی که همه زنبورهای پارازیتوئید مردند، جایگزین شدند. داده های باروری روزانه، طول عمر حشرات نر و ماده، و بار تخم یادداشت شد. بر اساس نتایج آزمایشگاهی، زنبورهای نر نسبت به زنبورهای ماده ، 24 تا 48 ساعت زودتر ظاهر شدند. طول عمر زنبورهای ماده برابر 72/24 روز تعیین شد که اندکی کمتر از طول عمر نرها (18/26 روز) بود ولی اختلاف معنیداری با یکدیگر نداشتند. باروری از روز سوم پس از ظهور حشرات ماده شروع شد و میانگین آن با 22/1 نتاج ماده به ازای هر ماده بود. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺎروری در ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﺮ زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎی ماده ﺑﺎﻟﻎ، در روزهای پنجم و دوازدهم زندگی با 67/5 و 13/5 نتاج ماده به ازای هر ماده ثبت گردید و از روز سیزدهم روند نزولی داشت تا اینکه در روز سی و دوم زندگی به صفر رسید. به علاوه، بیشترین بار تخم در روز پنجم پس از ظهور به میزان 41 عدد تخم بدست آمد و دوهفته پس از ظهور، بار تخم روند نزولی را نشان داد. یافته ها نشان داد که زنبور پارازیتوپید F. carpomyiae می تواند عامل امیدبخشی برای کنترل بیولوژیک و مدیریت آفت مگس میوه C. vesuviana باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| باروری؛ طول عمر؛ بار تخم؛ Fopius carpomyiae؛ Carpomyia vesuviana | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Some biological and fertility parameters of parasitoid wasp, Fopius carpomyiae Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), on the jujube fruit fly Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Diptera: Tephritidae) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyed Reza Golestaneh1؛ Zahra Mohammadi2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran. | ||
| 2Researcher, Research Division of Natural Resources, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fopius carpomyiae Silvestri is an egg–pupal parasitoid of the jujube fruit fly Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Dip.: Tephritidae) in southern Iran. This study aimed to investigate some reproductive parameters of the parasitoid wasp in order to determine its efficiency and use in a biological control program. To establish a population of the same age, two–week–old mated female flies (at a ratio of 1:5: female flies to fruit) were exposed to fruits of Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk for 24 hours. The fruits infested with fruit fly eggs were then transferred to small plastic containers containing 20 g of larval diet. To generate a population of parasitoid wasps, Z. mauritiana fruits infested with one–day–old C. vesuviana fly eggs were exposed to mated female wasps (7–8 days old) for 24 hours (1:3 female to an infested fruit). The infested fruits were then transferred to small plastic containers containing 20 g of larval diet. Finally, 10 pairs of newly emerged parasitoid wasps were randomly selected from colonies. Then, each pair was released into a rearing plastic container. The parasitoid wasps, F. carpomyiae, were exposed daily to a single fruit of jujube. The fruits were replaced daily until the females died. The data, including daily fecundity, egg load of females, and longevity, were recorded for each pair of wasps. According to the laboratory results, the male wasps emerged 24–48 h earlier compared to the females. Male longevity was 24.72 days, which was shorter than that of females (24.18 days), nonsignificantly. Net fecundity started 3 days after adult emergence, and it averaged1.22 (female/generation). The maximum lifespan fecundity of females occurred at 5 and 12 days after emergence (5.67 and 5.13 female/generation, respectively), and from day 13 onwards it had a gradual daily decline, being equal to zero at day 32 of the female age. Finally, the maximum egg load was 41 eggs on day 5 after emergence, and then it declined from week 2 toward the end of life. Findings indicate that F. carpomyiae can be a promising candidate for the biological control and management of jujube fruit fly C. vesuviana. . | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| fertility, longevity, egg load, Fopius carpomyiae, Carpomyia vesuviana | ||
| مراجع | ||
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