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Re emergence Risk of Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Iran: A Persistent Zoonotic Threat Requiring Strengthened One Health Surveillance | ||
| Archives of Razi Institute | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 04 مرداد 1405 اصل مقاله (443.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Letter to Editor | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.66224/ari.2026.372651.4095 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Piruz Shadbash* | ||
| Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) remains one of the most significant zoonotic viral threats in the Middle East, with Iran recognized as an endemic country. Caused by a tick borne Nairovirus (family Nairoviridae), CCHF is primarily transmitted through bites of Hyalomma ticks or via contact with blood or tissues of infected livestock. The case fatality rate in humans ranges from 5% to 40%, depending on outbreak context and healthcare capacity. In Iran, the risk of CCHF is higher in settings characterized by frequent human–animal contact, extensive livestock movement, and ecological conditions favorable for Hyalomma ticks, particularly in border and southeastern areas. Given Iran’s proximity to endemic neighboring countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Turkey, the risk of transboundary circulation of CCHF virus should not be overlooked. This underscores the need for coordinated regional surveillance and information sharing. Since the first confirmed cases in Iran in 1999, sporadic outbreaks have been reported annually, particularly in southeastern and western provinces. Occupational groups such as slaughterhouse workers "24 hours freezing after slaughtering and fully industrial slaughterhouses", farmers, and healthcare personnel remain at elevated risk. In conclusion, CCHF represents a persistent and potentially expanding zoonotic threat in Iran. Proactive, coordinated surveillance integrating veterinary and human health sectors is critical to prevent larger outbreaks and reduce mortality. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF)؛ zoonotic viral threats؛ Iran؛ ribavirin؛ human vaccine | ||
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