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تأثیر پوششدار کردن بذر با محرکهای زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کلزا (Brassica napus L.) | ||
| پژوهش های خاک | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 26 اردیبهشت 1405 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsr.2026.370813.790 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| پارسا سکوتی1؛ سلیم فرزانه2؛ عبدالقیوم قلی پوری3؛ شهرام خدادادی4؛ بهمن خوشرو* 5؛ نگین تلسچیان تبریزی6 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2هیات علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. | ||
| 4محقق پژوهشی موسسه اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند ، سازمان تحقیقات ، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی ، کرج ، ایران | ||
| 5موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 6بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیق | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پوششدار کردن بذر کلزا با محرکهای زیستی، روشی مؤثر برای تقویت بنیه گیاه و افزایش پتانسیل تولید است. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی تأثیر پوشش بذر کلزا (رقم هایولا ۵۰) با سطوح مختلف اسید هیومیک و عصاره جلبک دریایی (۳، ۶ و ۹ گرم بر کیلوگرم بذر)، اسید آمینه (۲، ۴ و ۶ گرم بر کیلوگرم بذر) به صورت جداگانه و ترکیبی، و هیدروپرایمینگ انجام شد. آزمایش در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با ۱۶ تیمار و ۳ تکرار اجرا گردید. نتایج نشاندهنده تأثیر معنیدار تیمارها بر اکثر صفات بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (۲۱۸۵/۳ کیلوگرم در هکتار) با کاربرد ۹ گرم عصاره جلبک دریایی به دست آمد که افزایشی معادل ۳۸/۷۶ درصد نسبت به شاهد (۱۵۷۴/۸ کیلوگرم) داشت. همچنین، تیمار ۹ گرم اسید هیومیک منجر به ثبت بالاترین عملکرد زیستی (۶۹۴۱/۳ کیلوگرم) و بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته (۹۶/۲۲ عدد) شد که به ترتیب ۲۱/۹۸ و ۶۲/۵۰ درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد نشان داد. وزن هزار دانه نیز تحت تأثیر ۹ گرم عصاره جلبک دریایی بهبود یافت، اما تفاوت معنیداری برای شاخص برداشت و تعداد دانه در غلاف مشاهده نشد. در بین تیمارهای ترکیبی، ترکیب ۲ گرم اسید آمینه + ۶ گرم عصاره جلبک + ۳ گرم اسید هیومیک عملکرد بهتری داشت. بنابراین، پوشش بذر با ۹ گرم عصاره جلبک دریایی جهت بهبود عملکرد کلزا توصیه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اسید هیومیک؛ پرایمینگ بذر؛ جوانهزنی؛ عصاره جلبک دریایی؛ هایولا ۵۰ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Seed Coating with Biostimulants on Yield and Yield Components of Canola (Brassica napus L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Parsa Sekooti1؛ Salim Farzaneh2؛ Abdolghayoom Gholipouri3؛ Shahram Khodadadi4؛ Bahman Khoshru5؛ Negin Taleschian Tabrizi6 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate in Crop Physiology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
| 2Faculty Member, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
| 4Researcher, Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 5Soil and Water Research Institute (SWRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 6Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Moghan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and Objectives Canola (Brassica napus L.) is a vital global oilseed crop, critical for food security due to its high-quality edible oil and protein-rich meal. Enhancing productivity is a primary goal in modern sustainable agriculture, especially in semi-arid regions where suboptimal environmental conditions often hamper germination and seedling establishment. These early-stage stressors lead to poor crop stands, reduced seedling vigor, and ultimately, lower final yields. To address these limitations, seed coating has emerged as a precise and resource-efficient method for improving seed performance. By creating a favorable micro-environment (spermosphere) and delivering beneficial substances directly to the embryo, this technique enhances establishment. Biostimulants, such as seaweed extracts (rich in phytohormones like auxins and cytokinins), humic acids (known for chelating nutrients and stimulating root development), and amino acids (essential for protein synthesis and stress tolerance), are effective additives. While their benefits in foliar applications are well-known, their efficacy and optimal concentrations via seed coating require further investigation. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of seed priming and coating with various concentrations of humic acid, seaweed extract, and amino acids, individually and in combination, on the yield and yield components of spring canola. Materials and Methods A field experiment was conducted during the 2018-2019 growing season at the research farm of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in northwestern Iran, a region characterized by a semi-arid, cold climate. The soil was a calcareous loam (pH 7.8, EC 1.15 dS/m) with low organic matter. The experiment utilized a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The study involved 16 distinct seed pre-treatments applied to the spring canola cultivar 'Hyola 50'. Treatments included three levels of humic acid (3, 6, and 9 g/kg seed), three levels of seaweed extract (3, 6, and 9 g/kg seed), and three levels of amino acids (2, 4, and 6 g/kg seed), alongside specific combined formulations and hydropriming controls. An aqueous slurry containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a filler and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) as a binder was used for uniform coating via a laboratory rotary coater. Standard agronomic practices were followed throughout the season. At physiological maturity, plants were harvested to determine grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, and key yield components. Data were analyzed using SAS software (ANOVA), and means were compared using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% probability level. Results Analysis of variance revealed significant effects (P<0.01) of seed treatments on grain yield, biological yield, the number of pods per plant, 1000-grain weight, and plant height. However, no statistically significant differences were observed for harvest index, pod length, and the number of seeds per pod, suggesting these traits may be less responsive to seed treatments. Grain yield was significantly impacted; the highest yield of 2185.3 kg/ha was achieved by coating seeds with 9 g/kg seaweed extract, representing a substantial 38.76% increase over the control (1574.8 kg/ha). Similarly, coating with 9 g/kg humic acid resulted in the highest biological yield (6941.3 kg/ha) and the maximum number of pods per plant (96.22), showing increases of 21.98% and 62.50% compared to the control, respectively. The 1000-grain weight was also significantly improved by 9 g/kg seaweed extract. Among the combined treatments, the specific combination of 2 g amino acid + 6 g seaweed extract + 3 g humic acid per kg seed demonstrated superior performance in improving plant height and overall yield stability compared to other combinations, highlighting synergistic effects at specific ratios. Conclusion This study confirms that seed coating with biostimulants is a potent strategy for enhancing spring canola productivity in semi-arid regions. The targeted application of these substances leads to significant improvements in seedling establishment, vegetative growth, and final grain yield. Employment of 9 g/kg seaweed extract is specifically recommended for maximizing grain yield due to its hormonal influence, while high concentrations of humic acid (9 g/kg) are superior for boosting biomass and sink capacity (pods). The results also indicated that optimized combined treatments can further enhance plant performance. Therefore, seed coating serves as a valuable, precise tool for sustainable production. However, since this study was conducted over a single growing season, further multi-year and multi-location trials are recommended to confirm the stability and generalizability of these findings under varying climatic conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Germination, Humic acid, Hyola 50, Seed priming, Seaweed extract | ||
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