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ارزیابی گرافیکی ترکیب‌پذیری لاین‌های چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.) برای عملکرد ریشه و شکر، کیفیت تکنولوژیک و مقاومت به ریزومانیا با استفاده از طرح لاین× تستر† | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 41، شماره 2، اسفند 1404، صفحه 195-208 اصل مقاله (1010.41 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2026.371078.1399 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید صادق‌زاده‌حمایتی* 1؛ علی صارمی راد2؛ بابک بابایی2؛ مسعود احمدی3؛ مهدی حسنی2؛ مستانه شریفی4 | ||
| 1دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 4مربی، بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این مطالعه به‌منظور برآورد ترکیب‌پذیری و شناسایی گروه‌های هتروتیک در لاین‌های چغندرقند، با استفاده از روش گرافیکی لاین× تستر انجام شد. تعداد ۱۹ لاین گرده‌افشان با ۵ سینگل‌کراس به‌عنوان تستر تلاقی داده شدند و 95 هیبرید حاصل برای صفات عملکرد ریشه، درصد قند، عملکرد شکر و مقاومت به بیماری ریزومانیا مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه گرافیکی، وجود گروه‌های هتروتیک متمایز را برای صفات عملکرد ریشه و شکر آشکار ساخت. برای عملکرد ریشه، لاین L03 بهترین ترکیب‌شونده برای تسترهای T01، T02 و T03 و لاین L17 بهترین ترکیب‌شونده برای تسترهای T04 و T05 بود. برای صفت درصد قند، لاین L09 بالاترین ترکیب‌پذیری را با تستر T03 و لاین L03 بهترین ترکیب‌پذیری را با چهار تستر T01، T02، T04 و T05 نشان داد. در خصوص عملکرد شکر، الگوی برهمکنش لاین× تستر نشان داد که لاین‌های L03، L05 و L18 بهترین عملکرد را در ترکیب با تسترهای T01، T02، T04 و T05 داشتند، در حالی که لاین‌های L09 و L10 بالاترین سازگاری خصوصی را با تستر T03 نشان دادند؛ همچنین در ارزیابی کلی، لاین‌های L03 و L05 واجد بالاترین ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی بودند. در بررسی مقاومت به بیماری ریزومانیا، لاین‌های L09 در تلاقی با تستر T03، L14 در تلاقی با تسترهای T02 و T05، L13 در تلاقی با تستر T04 و L15 در تلاقی با تستر T01 به‌عنوان بهترین منابع مقاومت بر مبنای ترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی شناسایی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که لاین‌های L03 و L05 به دلیل ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی بالا پتانسیل مناسبی برای استفاده در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی دارند. این مطالعه کارایی روش گرافیکی را در تفکیک والدین و انتخاب هیبریدهای برتر تأیید می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بای‌پلات؛ پتانسیل ژنتیکی؛ عمل ژن؛ گروه هتروتیک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Graphical evaluation of combining ability for root and sugar yield, quality traits, and rhizomania resistance in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) lines using line× tester design | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Sadeghzadeh Hemayati1؛ Ali Saremirad2؛ Babak Babaei2؛ Masoud Ahmadi3؛ Mahdi Hassani2؛ Mastaneh Sharifi4 | ||
| 1Associate Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI) - Associate professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Assitant Professor, Sugar Beet Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Mashhad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Khorasan Razavi, Iran | ||
| 4Shiraz Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Fars, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Sugar beet plays a vital role in meeting the global sugar demand. Breeding this plant has always faced several challenges. On the one hand, the strong negative correlation between root yield and sugar content makes it difficult to simultaneously improve these traits, and on the other hand, biological stresses such as rhizomania threaten production sustainability; therefore, it is essential to develop an efficient breeding approach that can identify superior parents for the production of resistant and high-yielding hybrids. In this regard, success in breeding programs requires a detailed understanding of the genetic basis of the traits. The line× tester mating design is one of the most common methods for estimating these parameters. However, the traditional line× tester analysis method has some limitations. To overcome these challenges, the use of graphical multivariate methods such as GGE Biplot can be useful. Therefore, in the present study, the genetic potential of new sugar beet lines was evaluated, the combining ability of lines for quantitative and qualitative performance and resistance to rhizomania disease were determined, and superior hybrids were identified using a comprehensive graphical analysis approach. Materials and Methods The plant material used in this study was a selected collection of genetic resources of the Sugar Beet Seed Institute. This collection included 19 pollinating lines of the S1 generation with favorable performance potential as lines and 5 cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines as testers, all of which had resistance to rhizomania in their genetic background. In order to produce the experimental population, a line× tester crossing design was used. In the crossing blocks, each maternal line was grown in the central rows and its specific paternal lines in two adjacent rows to ensure controlled and maximum pollination. At the end of the season, seeds from the maternal lines were harvested separately, thus producing 95 F1 hybrids for further evaluation. The evaluation experiments of the produced hybrids were conducted in six agricultural research stations including Karaj, Mashhad, Miandoab, Shiraz, Kermanshah and Hamedan. The planting operations were carried out in all regions in 2023. At each station, 95 hybrids along with four commercial control varieties were planted in five incomplete blocks in the form of an augmented design. Considering the implementation of the experiment in the form of an augmented design, first the raw data of root yield, sugar content and sugar yield of each hybrid in each environment were adjusted separately using control varieties to eliminate the heterogeneous effects of blocks in each location. Then, to eliminate environmental error and achieve an accurate estimate of the genetic potential of hybrids, a linear mixed model was used. Then, the adjusted data matrix consisting of 19 lines in 5 testers was used as the basis for graphical analysis. Results and discussion The results of the graphical analysis revealed distinct heterotic patterns of lines for root yield and sugar yield traits. For root yield, line L03 was the best combiner for testers T01, T02, and T03, while line L17 was the best combiner for testers T04 and T05. Regarding to sugar content, line L09 showed the highest combining ability with tester T03, and line L03 exhibited the best performance with four testers T01, T02, T04, and T05. For sugar yield, line× tester interaction pattern indicated that lines L03, L05, and L18 shoed a good combination with testers T01, T02, T04, and T05, whereas lines L09 and L10 displayed highest specific combining ability (SCA) with tester T03. Furthermore, in the overall evaluation, lines L03 and L05 possessed the highest general combining ability (GCA). In case of Rhizomania resistance, crosses of line L09 with tester T03, line L14 with testers T02 and T05, line L13 with tester T04 and line L15 with tester T01 were identified as the best combination of resistance based on specific combining ability (SCA). The results demonstrated that lines L03 and L05 have significant potential for use in breeding programs due to their high GCA. Conclusion The present study was conducted using a graphical analysis approach on data obtained from the line × tester design, and its results clearly showed that the genetic control of root yield, sugar content, and sugar yield is a function of both additive and non-additive effects of genes, but the contribution and pattern of these effects differ depending on the type of trait. Regarding functional traits, identifying distinct heterotic groups between testers and lines allows planning for crosses. Lines L03 and L05, with high GCA for sugar yield, are suitable candidates for population improvement programs. In contrast, line L09 has good potential for heterosis exploitation due to its high SCA. In the field of rhizomania resistance, lines L09 in crosses with tester T03, L14 in crosses with testers T02 and T05, L13 in crosses with tester T04 and L15 in crosses with tester T01 were the best sources of resistance. The identification of stable lines such as L18 along with SCA lines such as L14 suggests the use of stable sources to stabilize resistance and the use of dedicated sources to achieve high levels of resistance through gene pyramiding. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Heterotic group, Biplot, Genetic potential, Gene action | ||
| مراجع | ||
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