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بررسی تاثیر باکتریهای فیتوسفر بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی بذر و گیاهچه پنبه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 2، اسفند 1403، صفحه 101-113 اصل مقاله (621.53 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2026.372148.413 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد رضی نتاج* 1؛ غلام خداکرمیان2 | ||
| 1استادیار، پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان، همدان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فیلوسفر سطح اندام های هوایی گیاهان و مکانی برای زندگی ریزموجودات است. ریزوسفر ناحیهای از ریشه بوده که میکروارگانیسم های خاک تمایل زیادی به آن دارند و از ترشحات ریشه به عنوان منابع کربن و انرژی استفاده و بر سر غذا و مکان با هم رقابت می کنند. به منظور بررسی تاثیر باکتریهای فیتوسفر پنبه در خصوصیات و میزان رشد گیاهچه پنبه، باکتریهایی از فیتوسفر به صورت اپیفیت و اندوفیت از بوته و بذر گیاه پنبه در مناطق مختلف پنبه کاری و مزارع استان گلستان جداسازی شد. تک کلنی های باکتریایی خالصسازی شده، بر اساس خصوصیات مورفولوژیک نظیر رنگ، اندازه، فرم حاشیه و ظاهر کلنیها خالصسازی شدند. به منظور تاثیر باکتری ها روی رشد گیاهچه، بذور به مدت 10 دقیقه با سوسپانسون باکتری به رقت CFU 106 خیسانده و تعداد بذور جوانه زده در روزهای سوم و ششم شمارش شده، تعداد 10 عدد بذر به صورت تصادفی در هر تیمار انتخاب و صفاتی مانند سرعت جوانه زنی، طول رشد ریشه چه و ساقه چه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه چه، وزن تر و خشک ساقه چه، وزن تر و خشک کل، مقدارآب بافت ریشه چه، ساقه چه و کل اندازه گیری شدند براساس آزمون های بیوشیمیایی و فنوتیپی، تکثیر و تعیین ترادف ژن 16SrRNA نمایندگان برتر سویه ها مشخص شدند. جدایه های Bacillus pumilus MR11، B. pumilus MR12، B. pumilus MR13، B. safensis MR21، B. safensis MR22 و Stenotrophomonas pavanii MR31 به عنوان جدایه های برتر به صورت اندوفیت و از ریزوسفر جداسازی و شناسایی شدند. همچنین گونه های Pseudomonas fluorescens، P. syringae و Pantoea annanatis نیز به عنوان گونه های اپیفیت از گیاه و بذر جداسازی و شناسایی شدند. براساس مقایسه میانگین های صفات مورد بررسی گیاهچه های شش روزه تیمار ناشی از سویه Bacillus pumilus MR11 و B. pumilus MR12 بالاترین طول ریشه چه و ساقه چه و وزن تر ساقه چه رابه ترتیب با 6/67، 6/76 سانتیمتر، 1/15 گرم، 5/7، 6/25 سانتیمتر و 1/17 گرم داشتند. با توجه به اینکه سویه های B. pumilus MR12 و S. pavanii MR31 بالاترین درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی را نیز دارا بودند، لذا استفاده آنها به عنوان تیمار بذری میتوانند، موجب افزایش درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی بذور شده و در کاهش میزان خسارت ناشی از بیماریهای اول فصل و مرگ گیاهچه موثر باشند. نظر به اینکه از نظر ظرفیت مقدار آب گیاهچه نیز این سویه ها برتر بودند بررسی تاثیر آنها در جوانه زنی بذور پنبه در شرایط شور در تحقیقات آتی توصیه می گردد. این اولین گزارش از جداسازی باکتری های B. safensis، B. pumilus و S. pavanii از ریزوسفر و به صورت اندوفیت پنبه در ایران می باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| باکتری؛ اندوفیت؛ گیاهچه؛ پنبه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study of bacteria of cotton phytosphere on the cotton seed germination and characteristics of seedling | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Razinataj1؛ Gholam Khodakaramian2 | ||
| 1Assisstant Professor, Plant Protection Dept, Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor of Dept of Plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu–Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The phyllosphere is the surface of the aerial parts of plants and a place for microorganisms to live. The rhizosphere is a region of the root that soil microorganisms have a strong affinity for, and use root secretions as carbon and energy sources and compete for food and space. In order to investigate the effect of cotton phytospheric bacteria on the characteristics and growth rate of cotton seedlings, phytospheric bacteria were isolated as epiphytes and endophytes from cotton plants and seeds in different cotton growing areas and fields of Golestan province. After growth, single bacterial colonies were purified based on morphological characteristics such as color, size, edge shape, and appearance of the colonies. In order to determine the effect of bacteria on seedling growth, seeds were soaked for 10 minutes with a bacterial suspension diluted to 106 CFU and the number of germinated seeds was counted on the third and sixth days. 10 seeds were randomly selected in each treatment and traits such as germination rate, root and shoot growth length, root and dry weight, shoot and fresh weight, total fresh and dry weight, root, shoot and total tissue water content were measured. Based on biochemical and phenotypic tests, amplification and 16SrRNA gene sequencing, the representatives of the strains were identified. Bacillus pumilus MR11, B. pumilus MR12, B. pumilus MR13, B. safensis MR21, B. safensis MR22 and Stenotrophomonas pavanii MR31 isolates were isolated and identified as superior isolates as endophytes and from the rhizosphere. Also, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. syringae and Pantoea annatis were isolated and identified as epiphytic species from plants and seeds. Based on the comparison of the means of the studied traits, six–day–old seedlings treated with Bacillus pumilus MR11 and B. pumilus MR12 strains had the highest root and shoot lengths and shoot fresh weights. Considering that B. pumilus MR12 and S. pavanii MR31 strains also had the highest germination percentage and speed, their use as seed treatments can increase the percentage and speed of seed germination and be effective in reducing the amount of damage caused by early season diseases and seedling death. Considering that these strains were also superior in terms of seedling water capacity, it is recommended to investigate their effect on cotton seed germination under saline conditions in future research. This is the first report of the isolation of B. safensis, B. pumilus, and S. pavanii bacteria from the rhizosphere as cotton endophytes in Iran. . | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| bacteria, endophyte, rhizosphere, cotton | ||
| مراجع | ||
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