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مدلسازی فنولوژی و نیازهای حرارتی -نوری بذرهای چاودار وحشی و یولاف وحشی: راهکارهای نوین در مدیریت زمانبندی شده کنترل علف‌های هرز | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 93، شماره 2، اسفند 1404، صفحه 114-125 اصل مقاله (718.68 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علوم علف‌های هرز | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2026.370271.1549 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد احمدی* 1؛ قربان دیده باز2؛ رسول فخاری2؛ حمید ذوالقدری2 | ||
| 1محقق | ||
| 2کارشناس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استفاده از دمای تجمعی یا درجه روز رشد برای تخمین دوره رشد و نمو گیاهان مورد تأکید قرار گرفته است. در این تحقیق، چرخه‌ی زندگی چاوداروحشی (Secale cereale L.) و یولاف‌وحشی (Avena fatua L.) بر اساس شاخص‌های زراعی اقلیمی بررسی شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی انجام شد. چاودار وحشی برای تکمیل چرخه زندگی خود از کاشت تا رسیدگی بذر به ۲۸۶۰ درجه-روز رشد نیاز داشت، در حالی که یولاف وحشی با ۲۶۸۴ درجه-روز رشد، دوره رشدی کوتاه‌تری را طی کرد. از نظر شاخص‌های نوری، چاودار وحشی در تمام مراحل رشدی واحدهای هلیوترمال بیشتری (مانند ۲۸۶۳۴ واحد در مرحله رسیدگی) دریافت کرد که نشان‌دهنده وابستگی بیشتر این گونه به نور خورشید است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که چاودار وحشی به دلیل نیاز حرارتی و نوری بالاتر، کندی رشد و طولانی‌تر بودن چرخه زندگی در مراحل اولیه رشد (پنجه‌زنی و سنبله‌دهی) آسیب‌پذیرتر است، در حالی که یولاف وحشی با سرعت رشد بالاتر، نیازمند مداخلات کنترلی زودهنگام‌تر می‌باشد. این تفاوت‌ها امکان مدیریت هدفمند و زمانبندی شده (مانند انتخاب تاریخ کاشت دیرهنگام گندم) برای کاهش تداخل رقابتی با هر یک از این علف‌های هرز را فراهم می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| دما؛ چاودار وحشی؛ فنولوژی؛ هلیوترمال؛ یولاف وحشی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Technological modeling and thermal-light requirements of wild rye and wild oat seeds: New strategies in timed management of weed control | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammed ahmadi1؛ ghorban didehbaz2؛ rasoul fakhari2؛ hamid Zolghadri2 | ||
| 1Mohaghegh | ||
| 2expert | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The use of cumulative temperature or growing degree days to estimate the plant growth and development period has been emphasized. This research investigated the life cycles of wild rye (Secale cereale L.) and wild oat (Avena fatua L.) using agro-climatic indices. The experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Wild rye required 2860 growing degree days (GDD) to complete its life cycle from planting to seed ripening, whereas wild oat completed its growth cycle with a significantly lower requirement of 2684 GDD, indicating a shorter growth period. Regarding light-related indices, wild rye accumulated higher heliothermal units (e.g., 28,634 units at the ripening stage) throughout all growth stages, highlighting its greater dependence on solar radiation. Consequently, due to its higher thermal and light requirements, slower development rate, and longer life cycle, wild rye is more vulnerable to control measures during its early growth stages (such as tillering and heading). In contrast, wild oat, with its faster growth rate, necessitates earlier intervention and control measures. These distinct phenological and physiological differences enable targeted and timely management strategies, such as selecting the optimal wheat planting date (e.g., delayed planting in temperate regions), to effectively reduce competitive interference from these two weed species. . | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Heliothermal, phenology, wild rye, wild oat | ||
| مراجع | ||
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