Isolation and identification of Bipolaris strains as biocontrol agents of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, the causal agent of wheat take–all disease | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| Volume 12, Issue 2, December 2025, Pages 81-100 PDF (893.77 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.22092/bcpp.2026.372006.411 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Masumeh gholami1; Jahanshir Amini* 2; Jafar Abdollahzadeh3; Morahem Ashengroph4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. studnt, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. | ||
| 4Professor, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Take–all disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) is one of main wheat diseases worldwide. It is the most important disease of wheat and other temperate small–grain cereal such as barley and rye. Biological control is promising approach to protecting plants from disease. In this study, two endophytic fungi isolated from healthy cereals plants and their potential as biological control agents (BCAs) were tested against Ggt under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. The fungal endophytes were identified based on morphology and ITS rDNA) sequences as Bipolaris sorokiniana Ag2K1 and B. victoriae O31R3. The selected isolate of pathogen (Ggt) was pathogenic on wheat plant c.v Pishta.z and the first symptoms of disease appeared after 20 days. Pathogen infected wheat roots and caused a root rot, and symptoms progressed into the crown and base of the wheat stem. Both endophytic fungi represented in vitro antifungal activity against Ggt by dual culture test with (33.85%) in B. sorokiniana Ag2K1 and (65.41%) in B. victoriae O31R3. But both endophytic fungi had low effect on growth of Ggt in vitro by volatile and non–volatile compounds (2.67% to 11.48%). Both isolates produced Pectinase. Isolate of B. victoriae O31R3 produced Chitinase. None of isolates produced Protease, Cellulase, Siderophore, HCN and phosphate solubilization. Both isolates Bipolaris sorokiniana Ag2K1 and B. victoriae O31R3 had significant effects on controlling take–all in greenhouse conditions and reduced disease severity of take–all in wheat with ranging from 51.32% to 53.55%, respectively. Also, both isolates Bipolaris sorokiniana Ag2K1 and B. victoriae O31R3 produced IAA and gibberellin, which had the most effect on increasing of growth parameters of wheat plant in greenhouse conditions. The results of in vitro and greenhouse conditions showed that the endophytic fungi had an effective antifungal activity against Ggt causal agent of take–all disease in wheat. No disease symptoms were observed in seedlings infected by these isolates (B. sorokiniana Ag2k1 and B. victoriae O31R3). Therefore, it is possible, that these endophytes as biocontrol agents were protected wheat plant against Ggt causal agent take–all disease. The results of this study showed that it may be possible to manage wheat take–all disease effectively by using endophytic fungi as biological control agents for use in the field. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Antifungal compounds; Biological control; Fungal endophytes; ITS rDNA gene | ||
| References | ||
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