| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,918 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,590,786 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,702,234 |
اثر سطوح مختلف خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی بر عملکرد، فراسنجه‌های تخمیر و فعالیت آنزیم‌های میکروبی شکمبه و متابولیت‌های خونی بره‌های پرواری | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| دوره 38، شماره 149، دی 1404، صفحه 17-32 اصل مقاله (1.75 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2024.367538.2432 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زینب کاظمی فیروزی1؛ ایوب عزیزی* 2؛ علی کیانی3؛ امیر فدایی فر4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد تغذیۀ دام، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| 3استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مطالعۀ حاضر به منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجه‌های تخمیر و فعالیت آنزیم‌های هیدرولیتیک میکروبی شکمبه و متابولیت‌های خونی بره‌های پرواری صورت گرفت. از تعداد 28 رأس برۀ نر پرواری با میانگین سنی 6±120 روزه و میانگین وزن 5/2±30 کیلوگرم با 4 تیمار آزمایشی و 7 تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی استفاده شد. جیره‌های آزمایشی شامل سطوح صفر (شاهد)، 4، 8 و 12 درصد خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی بر حسب درصد مادۀ خشک جیره بودند که به مدت 60 روز به دام‌ها تغذیه شد. استفاده از سطوح مختلف خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی در جیره در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد تأثیر معنی‌داری بر وزن نهایی، کل افزایش وزن، افزایش وزن روزانه، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و مصرف مادۀ خشک نداشت (05/0P>). با افزایش سطح خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی در جیره به جز غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه که به طور خطی کاهش یافت (05/0>P)، سایر فراسنجه‌ها شامل pH و غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت (05/0P>). فعالیت پروتئازی شکمبه در همۀ بخش‌های داخلی، خارجی و کل، کل فعالیت آلفا آمیلازی شکمبه و غلظت پروتئین تام خون با افزایش سطح خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی در جیره به طور خطی افزایش یافت (05/0>P)، این در حالی است که غلظت نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون با افزایش سطح خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی به طور خطی کاهش نشان داد (05/0>P). در کل، نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که استفاده از خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی تا سطح 8 درصد مادۀ خشک جیرۀ غذایی بره‌های پرواری قابل توصیه است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برۀ پرواری؛ تخمیر شکمبه؛ خوراک ضایعات بادام زمینی؛ فعالیت آنزیمی؛ نشخوارکنندگان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of different levels of peanut waste feed on performance, fermentation parameters and activity of rumen microbial enzymes and blood metabolites of fattening lambs | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zeinab Kazemi Firoozi1؛ Ayoub Azizi2؛ Ali Kiani3؛ Amir Fadaeifar4 | ||
| 1Animal Science Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Lorestan University | ||
| 3Animal Science Group, Lorestan University | ||
| 4Animal Science Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of peanut waste feed (PWF) on growth performance, fermentation parameters, rumen microbial hydrolytic enzyme activity and blood chemical metabolites of fattening lambs. For this purpose, 28 fattening male-lambs with average age of 120±6 days and average live weight of 30±2.5 kg were used with 4 experimental treatments and 7 replications in the form of completely randomized design. The experimental diets contained PWF at levels 0 (control), 4, 8 and 12% based on dry matter (DM), and fed to animals. Including different levels of PWF in the diet had no significant effect on final body weight, total weight gain, average daily gain, feed conversion ration and DM intake compared to the control treatment (P>0.05). By increasing the level of PWF in the diet except for rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration which decreased linearly (P<0.05), other parameters including pH, concentration of volatile fatty acids, carboxymethylcellulase enzyme activity, microcrystalline cellulase and rumen filter paper degrading and blood glucose concentration were not affected by experimental treatments (P>0.05). Rumen protease activity in all internal, external and total parts, total rumen alpha-amylase activity and blood total protein concentration increased linearly with increasing the level of PWF in the diet (P<0.05), while the concentration blood urea nitrogen decreased linearly with increasing PWF level in the diet (P<0.05). In general, the results of the present study showed that the use of peanut waste feed up to 8% of diet DM is recommended in fattening lambs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fattening lambs, Rumen fermentation, Peanut waste feed, Enzyme activity, Ruminants | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
عزیزی، ا.، پاپی، ن.، شریفی، ا.، آذرفر، آ. و کیانی، ع. (1396). اثر سطوح مختلف خیساب مایع ذرت بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های هیدرولیتیک بخش‌های مختلف شیرابۀ شکمبه و متابولیسم نیتروژن در بره‌های نر مغانی. پژوهش و سازندگی، 115: 255-270. Abarghuei, M.J., Rouzbehan, Y., Salem, A.Z.M. and Zamiri, M.J. (2014). Nitrogen balance, blood metabolites and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows fed pomegranate-peel extract. Livestock Science, 164: 72–80. Agarwal, N. (2000). Estimation of fiber degrading enzyme. In: Chaudhary, L.C., Agarwal, N., Kamra, D.N. and Agarwal, D.K. editor. Feed microbiology. Izatnagar (India): CAS Animal Nutrition, pp. 278–291. AOAC. (2005). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, DC. USA. Azizi-Shotorkhofta, A., Rezaei, J. and Fazaeli, H. (2013). The effect of different levels of molasses on the digestibility, rumen parameters and blood metabolites in sheep fed processed broiler litter. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 179: 69-76. Bach, A., Calsamiglia, S. and Sternt M.D. (1999). Nitrogen metabolism in the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science, 2005: 88(E. Suppl): E9e21. Barry, T.N. and McNabb, W.C. (1999). The implications of condensed tannins on the nutritive value of temperate forages fed to ruminants. British Journal of Nutrition, 81: 263e72. Beauchemin, K.A., McGinn, S.M., Martinez, T.F. and McAllister, T.A. (2007). Use of condensed tannin extract from quebracho trees to reduce methane emissions from cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 85: 1990e6. Broderick, G. and Kang, J.H. (1980). Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. Journal of Dairy Science, 63: 64-75. Chamorro, F., Carpena, M., Fraga-Corral, M., Echave, J., Rajoka, M.S.R., Barba, F.J., Cao, H., Xiao, J., Prieto, M. and Simal-Gandara, J. (2022). Valorization of kiwi agricultural waste and industry by-products by recovering bioactive compounds and applications as food additives: A circular economy model. Food Chemistry, 370: 131315. Jolazadeh, A.R., Dehghan-banadaky, M. and Rezayazdi, K. (2015). Effects of soybean meal treated with tannins extracted frompistachio hulls on performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and nutrient digestion of Holstein bulls. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 203: 33-40. Kamra, D.N., Agarwal, N. and McAllister, T.A. (2010). Screening for compounds enhancing fiber degradation. In: Vercoe, P.E., Makkar, H.P.S., Schlink, A.C., editors. In: In vitro screening of plant resources for extra-nutritional attributes in ruminants: nuclear and related methodologies, Chapter 6. Dordrecht (the Netherlands): IAEA; p. 87–107. Koenig, K.M. and Beauchemin, K.A. (2018). Effect of feeding condensed tannins in high protein finishing diets containing corn distiller's grains on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and route of nitrogen excretion in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 96: 4398e413. Koenig, K.M., Beauchmin, K.A. and McGinn, S.M. (2018). Feeding condensed tannins to mitigate ammonia emissions from beef feedlot cattle fed high-protein finishing diets containing distillers grains. Journal of Animal Science, 96: 4414e30. Larsson, S. and Wolk, A. (2007). Overweight, obesity and risk of liver cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. British Journal of Cancer, 97: 1005-1008. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, R.J. (1951). Protein measurement with the pholin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193: 262–275. Mallidadi, H., Nikolaus, T.T. and Enawati, L.S. (2019). Pengaruh level serat terhadap konsumsi dan kecernaan nutrien sapi varian genetik dan sapi bali normal. Journal Peternakan Lahan Kering, 1: 410-416. Menke, K.H. and Steingass, H. (1988). Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development, 28: 7–55. Miller, J.L. (1959). Modified DNS method for reducing sugars. Analytical Chemistry, 31: 426– 429. Min, B.R., Barry, T.N., Attwood, G.T. and McNabb, W.C. (2003). The effect of condensed tannins on the nutrition and health of ruminants fed fresh temperate forages: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 106: 3e19. Min, B.R., Frank, A., Gurung, N., Lee, J.H., Joo, J.W. and Pacheco, W. (2019). Peanut skin in diet alters average daily gain, ruminal and blood metabolites, and carcass traits associated with Haemonchus contortus infection in meat goats. Animal Nutrition, 5: 278-285. Min, B.R., Solaiman, S., Gurung, N., Behrends, J., Eun, J.S., Taha, E. and Rose, J. (2012). Effects of pine bark supplementation on performance, rumen fermentation, and carcass characteristics of Kiko crossbred male goats. Journal of Animal Science, 90: 3556-3567. Nepote, V., Lamarque, A. and Zygadlo, J. (2006). Natural products as antioxidants. Phytochemistry: Advances in Research, 37: 105-135. Nooriyan Soroor, E., Rouzbehan, Y. and Alipour, D. (2013). Effect of Echium amoenum extract on the growth rate and fermentation parameters of Mehrabani lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 184: 49-57. NRC. (2007). National Research Council, Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids. Washington (DC, USA): National Academy of Sciences. Raghuvansi, S.K.S., Prasad, R., Tripathi, M.K., Mishra, A.S., Chaturvedi, O.H., Misra, A.K., Saraswat, B.L. and Jakhmola, R.C. (2007). Effect of complete feed blocks or grazing and supplementation of lambs on performance, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation and rumen microbial enzymes. Animal, 1: 221–226. Russell, J.B., O'Connor, J.D., Fox, D.G., Van Soest, C.J. and Sniffen, A. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: I. Ruminal fermentation. Journal of Animal Science, 70: 3551e61. SAS Institute Inc. 2005. User’s Guide: Statistics, Version 9.0 Edition. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC. Schofield, P., Mbugua, D.M. and Pell, A.N. 2001. Analysis of condensed tannins: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 91: 21e40. Selinger, L.B., Forsberg, C.W. and Cheng, K.J. 1996. The rumen: a unique source of enzymes for enhancing livestock production. Anaerobe, 2: 263-284. Setyawan, S., Hidayat, I. and Yulistiani, D. (2016). Ketersediaan hasil samping tanaman tebu di Provinsi Jawa Barat dalam mendukung ketersediaan pakan ternak ruminansia, Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Ekspose Inovasi Teknologi BPTP Jawa Tengah “Penyediaan Inovasi dan Strategi Pendampingan untuk Pencapaian Swasembada Pangan” Kabupaten Semarang, pp. 1051-1058. Shipp, A., Min, B.R., Gurung, N., Hyung, J.W. and McElhenney, W. (2017). The effect of tannin containing peanut skin supplementation on drug-resistant Haemonchus cornturtus control in meat goats. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 3: 1e9. Sobolev, V.S. and Cole, R. J. (2003). Note on utilization of peanut seed test. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture, 84: 105–111. Solaiman, S., Thomas, J., Dupre, Y., Min, B.R., Gurung, N., Terril, T.H. and Haenlein, G.F.W. (2010). Effect of feeding sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) on growth performance, blood metabolities, and carcass characteristics of Kiko crossbred male kids. Small Ruminant Research, 93: 149-156. Suchoszek-Lukaniuk, K., Jaromin, A., Korycińska, M. and Kozubek, A. (2011). Health benefits of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds and peanut oil consumption, Nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention, Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention, 34: 873-880 Toomer, O., Vu, T., Wysocky, R., Moraes, V., Malheiros, R. and Anderson, K. (2021). The effect of feeding hens a peanut skin-containing diet on hen performance, and shell egg quality and lipid chemistry. Agriculture, 11(9): 894. Toomer, O.T., Livingston, M., Wall, B., Sanders, E., Vu, T., Malheiros, R.D., Livingston, K.A., Carvalho, L.V., Ferket, P.R. and Dean, L.L. (2020). Feeding high-oleic peanuts to meat-type broiler chickens enhances the fatty acid profile of the meat produced. Poultry Science, 99: 2236-2245. Turner, K.E., Wildeus, S. and Collins, J.R. (2005). Intake, performance, and blood parameters in young goats offered high forage diets of lespedeza or alfalfa hay. Small Ruminant Reserch, 59: 15–23. Utley, P.R., Hill, G.M. and West, J.W. (1993). Substitution of peanut skins for soybean hulls in steer finishing diets containing recommended and elevated crude protein levels. Journal of Animal Science, 71: 33e7. doi: 10.2527/1993.71133x Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583–3597. West, J.W., Hill, G.M. and Utley, P.R. (1993). Peanut skins as a feed ingredient for lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 76, 590–599. Zhao, X., Chen, J. and Du, F. (2012). Potential use of peanut by-products in food processing: a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49: 521-529. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 245 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 184 |
||