| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,219 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,690 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 53,563,980 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 92,843,858 |
واکنش برخی از ژنوتیپ های گندم نان آبی برنامه های ملی به نژادی اقلیم های معتدل و گرم و مرطوب شمال نسبت به زنگهای زرد و ساقه در مرحله گیاهچهای و گیاه بالغ | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| دوره 40، شماره 3، مهر 1403، صفحه 456-425 اصل مقاله (809.45 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spj.2025.370622.1439 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صفرعلی صفوی* 1؛ فرزاد افشاری2؛ علی ملیحی پور3 | ||
| 1دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| عدم وجود مقاومت پایدار در ارقام گندم تجاری، عامل اصلی در بروز همهگیریهای زنگ زرد و زنگ ساقه است که میتواند تولید گندم را در مناطق مختلف جهان به شدت تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی منابع مقاومت در مراحل گیاهچهای و گیاه بالغ در میان برخی از ژنوتیپهای گندم نان تولید شده در برنامه های ملی به نژادی گندم برای اقلیمهای معتدل و گرم و مرطوب شمال کشور انجام شد. چهل و چهار ژنوتیپ گندم نان (شامل 19 ژنوتیپ از برنامه به نژادی اقلیم معتدل و ۲۵ ژنوتیپ از برنامه به نژادی اقلیم گرم و مرطوب شمال) به همراه شاهدهای حساس، در مراحل گیاهچهای (در گلخانه در کرج) و گیاه بالغ (مزرعه) در دو سال زراعی متوالی (۹۸-۱۳۹۷ و ۹۹-۱۳۹۸) در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل برای واکنش به بیماری های زنگ زرد و ساقه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند تا سازوکارهای مختلف مقاومت در آنها شناسایی شوند. مقاومت در مرحله گیاه بالغ با استفاده از معیارهای همهگیری بیماری شامل: ضریب آلودگی، شدت نهایی بیماری و مقدار نسبی سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری در شرایط مزرعه و در برابر جمعیتهای محلی ارزیابی شد. همچنین واکنشهای گیاهچهای در شرایط کنترلشده در برابر دو پاتوتیپ زنگ زرد و چهار پاتوتیپ زنگ ساقه در گلخانه انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که 12 (27/2%)، 20 (45/4%) و 12 (27/2%) ژنوتیپ بهترتیب دارای مقاومت تدریجی، مقاومت گیاهچهای یا تماممرحلهای و مقاومت در مرحله گیاه بالغ به زنگ زرد بودند. در مورد زنگ ساقه، 12 ژنوتیپ (27/2%) دارای مقاومت تدریجی، دو ژنوتیپ (4/5%) دارای مقاومت گیاهچهای و30 ژنوتیپ (68%) حساس بودند. یافتههای این پژوهش طیف وسیعی از واکنشهای مقاومتی را نشان داد. ژنوتیپهایی که در مرحله گیاهچهای نسبت به حداقل یک پاتوتیپ حساس، اما در مرحله گیاه بالغ واکنشهای نیمهمقاوم تا نیمهحساس همراه با شدت بیماری پایین را نشان دادند، احتمالاً حامل چندین ژن مقاومت گیاه بالغ یا مقاومت تدریجی هستند. این ژنوتیپها میتوانند بهعنوان منابع ژنتیکی ارزشمند در برنامههای بهنژادی برای تولید ارقام جدید با مقاومت پایدار مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| گندم نان؛ مقاومت نژاد-اختصاصی؛ مقاومت غیر نژاد-اختصاصی؛ مقاومت تدریجی؛ مقاومت پایدار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Reaction of Some Irrigated Bread Wheat Gdnotypes of the National Breeding Programs for Temperate and Northern Warm and Humid Agro-climatic Zones to Yellow and Stem Rusts at the Seedling and Adult Plant Stages | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S.A Safavi1؛ F. Afshari2؛ A. Malihipour3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Field and Horticultural Crops Science Research Department, Ardabail Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Lack of durable resistance in wheat cultivars is a major cause of yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, Pgt) epidemics, which severely affecting global wheat production. This study identified resistance sources at the seedling and adult plant stages among 44 wheat genotypes adapted to temperate and northern warm and humid agro-climatic zones of Iran. Seedling evaluation carried-out at glassohuses at Cereal Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institutie in Kataj, Iran. Field evaluations were conducted in 2018–19 and 2019–20 at the Ardabil Agricultural Research Station. Adult plant resistance was assessed using epidemiological parameters: coefficient of infection (CI), final rust severity (FRS), and relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC). Seedling reactions were evaluated under controlled conditions against two Pst and four Pgt pathotypes. For yellow rust, 12 (27.2%), 20 (45.4%), and 12 (27.2%) genotypes exhibited slow-rusting resistance (SR), all-stage resistance (ASR), and adult plant resistance (APR), respectively. For stem rust, 12 (27.2%) showed SR, 2 (4.5%) had ASR, and 30 (68.2%) were susceptible. Genotypes susceptible at the seedling stage but resistant at the adult stage likely carry multiple APR or slow-rusting genes, offering valuable genetic resources for development of bread wheat cultivars with durable resistance. Keywords: Bread wheat, race-specific resistance, non-race-specific resistance, slow rusting. Introduction Bread wheat is a staple food crop and essential for global food security, particularly in Mediterranean regions. In Iran, bread wheat production is consistently challenged by some biotic and abiotic stresses. Rust diseases are among the most devastating biotica stresses. The dynamic and rapid evolution of yellow rust (Pst) and stem rust (Pgt) populations may overcome race-specific resistance genes those are deployed in commercial cultivars. Periodic epidemics and substantial economic losses are possibly occurred subsequently (Chen, 2020). The emergence of virulent races such as the Ug99 lineage for stem rust has further highlighted the vulnerability of genetically similar commercial cultivars. In contrast, adult plant resistance (APR), often expressed as slow rusting, is typically polygenic and considered more durable (Huerta-Espino et al., 2020; Singh et al., 2011). This type of resistance slows disease development through mechanisms that are not pathogen race-specific. Therefore, the identification and employment of APR sources into breeding programs is a principal strategy to obtain sustainable bread wheat production. This study was designed to phenotypically characterize a collection of Iranian wheat genotypes for both seedling and adult plant resistance to stripe and stem rusts, with the goal of identifying potential donors of durable resistance. Materials and Methods The study consisted of controlled seedling tests and field evaluations. Forty-four wheat genotypes from the national bread wheat breeding programs for temperate and northern warm and humid agro-climatic zones were evaluated for their reaction to yellow rust and stem rust at the seedlingand adult plant resistances. For seedling resistance screening, plants were inoculated with two Pst pathotypes (174E150A+, Yr27 and 14E158A+, Yr27) and four Pgt pathotypes (TTTTF, PTRTF, TKTTF, TTKTK). Infection types (ITs) were assessed 14 days post-inoculation using a standardized 0–4 scale. Field evaluations were conducted at the Ardabil Agricultural Research Station over two cropping cycles (2018-19 and 2019-20). Stripe rust was evaluated under artificial epiphytotic conditions, while stem rust was assessed under natural infection. Resistance at the adult plant stage was quantified using three significant epidemiological parameters including final rust severity (FRS), coefficient of infection (CI = FRS × constant value of host response), and the relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC). Genotypes were grouped into four resistance groups: all-stage resistance (ASR), adult plant resistance (APR), slow rusting resistance (SR), and susceptible, based on established thresholds for these parameters (Zeng et al., 2014). Correlation coefficients were calculated to understand the relationships between resistance parameters. Results and Discussion Seedling screening tests revealed that none of the bread wheat genotypes exhibited resistance to all pathotypes of both rust diseases under controlled conditions. However, significant levels of adult plant resistance were observed in field evaluations. For yellow rust, 12 (27.2%), 20 (45.4%), and 12 (27.2%) genotypes exhibited slow-rusting resistance (SR), all-stage resistance (ASR), and adult plant resistance (APR), respectively. For stem rust, 12 (27.2%) showed SR, 2 (4.5%) had ASR, and 30 (68.2%) were susceptible. Bread wheat genotypes M-97-7, M-97-14, M-97-15, N-97-4, and N-97-7 demonstrated promising resistance against both diseases. A strong positive correlation were observed between the APR parameters (FRS, CI, rAUDPC), validating their reliability for assessing quantitative resistance (Hei et al., 2015). However, the correlations between seedling infection types (ITs) and adult plant parameters were non-significant. This finding indicated that APR is genetically independent from all-stage resistance (Singh et al., 2011). The superior performance of certain bread wheat genotypes suggests combinations of non-race-specific APR genes, such as Yr18/Lr34 or Yr46/Lr67, which are known for their durable and pleiotropic effects (Huerta-Espino et al., 2020; Chen, 2020). Consequently, gene pyramiding is highly recommended to develop new bread wheat cultivars with robust and long-lasting resistance. Therefore, reducing reliance on fungicides and mitigating the risk of future epidemics driven by emerging virulent pathogen populations (Singh et al., 2011). References Chen, X. 2020. Pathogens which threaten food security: Puccinia striiformis, the wheat stripe rust pathogen. Food Security, 12(2), pp.239–251. DOI: 10.1007/s12571-020-01016-z Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J., Bhavani, S., Herrera-Foessel, S.A., Singh, D., Singh, P.K., Velu, G., Mason, R.E., Jin, Y., Njau, P. and Crossa, J. 2011. Race non-specific resistance to rust diseases in CIMMYT spring wheats. Euphytica, 179(1), pp.175–186. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-010-0322-9 Huerta-Espino, J., Singh, R.P., Crespo-Herrera, L.A., Villaseñor-Mir, H.E., Rodriguez-Garcia, M.F., Dreisigacker, S., Barcenas-Santana, D. and Lagudah, E. 2020. Adult plant slow rusting genes confer high levels of resistance to rusts in bread wheat cultivars from Mexico. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 824. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00824 Zeng, Q.D., Han, D.J., Wang, Q.L., Yuan, F.P., Wu, J.H., Zhang, L., Liu, D.J. and Jin, S.L. 2014. Stripe rust resistance and genes in Chinese wheat cultivars and breeding lines. Euphytica, 196(2), pp.271-284. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-013-1029-5 | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Bread wheat, race-specific resistance, non-race-specific resistance, slow rusting | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Admassu, B., Friedt, W. and Ordon, F. 2012. Virulence analysis of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici populations in Ethiopia with special consideration of Ug99. Plant Pathology, 61(3), pp.441–447. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2011.02531.x
Afshari, F. 2008. Prevalent pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 10, pp.67-78.
Aggarwal, R., Kulshreshtha, D., Sharma, S., Singh, V.K., Manjunatha, C., Bhardwaj, S.C. and Saharan, M.C. 2018. Molecular characterization of Indian pathotypes of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and multigene phylogenetic analysis to establish inter- and intraspecific relationships. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 41(4), pp.834–842. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0272
Ali, S., Rodriguez-Algaba, J., Thach, T., Sørensen, C.K., Hansen, J.G., Lassen, P., Nazari, K., Hodson, D.P., Justesen, A.F. and Hovmøller, M.S. 2017. Yellow rust epidemics worldwide were caused by pathogen races from divergent genetic lineages. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, e1057. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01057
Ali, S., Shah, S.J.A. and Ibrahim, M. 2007. Assessment of wheat breeding lines for slow yellow rusting. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 10(19), pp.3440–3444.
Anonymous. 2023. Agricultural Statistics Yearbook Volume I: Field Crops. Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad Publications. 95 pp.
Beddow, J.M., Pardey, P.G., Chai, Y., Hurley, T.M., Kriticos, D.J., Braun, H.J., Park, R.F., Cuddy, W.S. and Yonow, T. 2015. Research investment implications of shifts in the global geography of wheat stripe rust. Nature Plants, 1, e15132. DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2015.132
Bhattacharya, S. 2017. Deadly new wheat disease threatens Europe’s crops. Nature, 542(7640), pp.145–146. DOI: 10.1038/nature.2017.21424
Brown, J.K.M. and Hovmøller, M.S. 2002. Aerial dispersal of fungi on the global and continental scales and its consequences for plant disease. Science, 297(5581), pp.537–541. DOI: 10.1126/science.1072678
Bux, H., Ashraf, M., Hussain, F., Rattu A.U. and Fayyaz, M. 2012. Characterization of wheat germplasm for stripe rust (Puccini striiformis f. sp. tritici) resistance. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 6(1), pp.116–120.
Chen, W., Wellings, C., Chen, X. and Liu, T. 2014. Wheat stripe (yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Plant Pathology, 15(5), pp.433–446. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12116
Chen, X. 2005. Epidemiology and control of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) on wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 27(3), pp.314–337. DOI: 10.1080/07060660509507230
Chen, X. 2013. High-temperature adult-plant resistance, key for sustainable control of stripe rust. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4(3), pp.608–627. DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.43080
Chen, X. 2020. Pathogens which threaten food security: Puccinia striiformis, the wheat stripe rust pathogen. Food Security, 12(2), pp.239–251. DOI: 10.1007/s12571-020-01016-z
Chen, X. and Kang, Z. 2017. Stripe Rust. Dordrecht: Springer. 719 pp. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1111-9 Dadrezaei, S.T., Omrani, A., Malihipour, A., Tabatabaeifard, S.N., Tabib-Ghaffari, S.M. 2024. Resistance of some wheat commercial cultivars and promising lines to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) disease at seedling and adult-plant stages. Seed and Plant, 40, pp.151–170 (in Persian). DOI: 10.22092/spj.2025.367260.1381
Dawana, D., Dessie, B., Kebede, M. and Shimelash, D. 2024. Pathogenicity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and quantitative traits on bread wheat landraces in Ethiopia. Crop Science, 64(1), pp.1–16. DOI: 10.1002/csc2.21193
Denbel, W., Badebo, A., Hussein, T. and Singh, R.P. 2013. Evaluation of Ethiopian wheat lines for slow rusting resistance to stem rust of wheat caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. African Crop Science Journal, 21(2), pp.99–108.
Ezzahiri, B., Yahyaoui, A. and Hovmøller, M. S. 2009. An analysis of the 2009 epidemic of yellow rust on wheat in Morocco. In: Proceedings of the 4th Regional Yellow Rust Conference for Central and West Asia and North Africa. Antalya, Turkey.
Hei, N., Shimelis, H.A., Laing, M. and Admassu, B. 2015. Assessment of Ethiopian wheat lines for slow rusting resistance to stem rust of wheat caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Journal of Phytopathology, 163(5), pp.353–363. DOI: 10.1111/jph.12330
Herrera-Foessel, S.A., Lagudah, E.S., Huerta-Espino, J., Hayden, M.J., Bariana, H.S., Singh, D. and Singh, R.P. 2011. New slow rusting leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes Lr67 and Yr46 in wheat are pleiotropic or closely linked. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 122(1), pp.239–249. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-010-1439-x
Hovmøller, M.S. and Justesen, A.F. 2007. Rates of evolution of avirulence phenotypes and DNA markers in a northwest European population of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Molecular Ecology, 16(21), pp.4637–4647. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03544.x
Hovmøller, M.S., Walter, S., Bayles, R., Hubbard, A., Flath, K., Sommerfeldt, N., Leconte, M., Czembor, P., Rodriguez-Algaba, J., Thach, T., Hansen, J. G., Lassen, P., Justesen, A.,F., Ali, S. and de Vallavieille-Pope, C. 2016. Replacement of the European wheat yellow rust population by new races from the centre of diversity in the near-Himalayan region. Plant Pathology, 65(3), pp. 402–411. DOI: 10.1111/ppa.12433
Huerta-Espino, J., Singh, R.P., Crespo-Herrera, L.A., Villaseñor-Mir, H.E., Rodriguez-Garcia, M.F., Dreisigacker, S., Barcenas-Santana, D. and Lagudah, E. 2020. Adult plant slow rusting genes confer high levels of resistance to rusts in bread wheat cultivars from Mexico. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, e824. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00824
Kumar, K., Jan, I., Saripalli, G., Sharma, P.K., Mir, R.R., Balyan, H. S. and Gupta, P.K. 2020. An update on resistance genes and their use in the development of leaf rust resistant cultivars in wheat. Frontiers in Genetics, 11, e569824. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.569824
Malihipour, A. and Esmaeilzadeh Moghaddam, M. 2023. Reaction of the south warm agro climate zone elite wheat lines of Iran to stem rust at seedling and adult plant stages. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 46(2), pp.87–103. DOI: 10.22055/ppr.2023.42776.1674
McIntosh, R.A., Wellings, C.R. and Park, R.F. 1995. Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes. East Melbourne: CSIRO Publications. 225 pp.
Meyer, M., Bacha, N., Tesfaye, T., Alemayehu, Y., Abera, E., Stukenbrock, E.H., McDonald, B.A. and Palma-Guerrero, J. 2021. Wheat rust epidemics damage Ethiopian wheat production: a decade of field disease surveillance reveals national-scale trends in past outbreaks. PLOS ONE, 16(1), e0245697. .DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245697
Milus, E.A. and Line, R.F. 1986. Gene action for inheritance of durable, high-temperature, adult plant resistance to stripe rust in wheat. Phytopathology, 76(4), pp 435–441.
Mohammadi, N., Safavi, S.A., Pouralibaba, H., Afshari, F., Yassaie, M., Roustaie, M., and Atahoseini S. M. 2023. Screening of dryland bread wheat genotypes against yellow rust through greenhouse and multi-environmental trials. Journal of Crop Protection, 12(1), pp.43–53. DOI: 10.22067/jcp.v12i1.82959
Olivera, P., Newcomb, M., Szabo, L.J., Rouse, M., Johnson, J., Gale, S., Luster, D.G., Hodson, D., Cox, J.A., Burgin, L., Hort, M., Gilligan, C.A., Patpour, M., Justesen, A. F., Hovmøller, M.S., Woldeab, G., Hailu, E., Hundie, B., Tadesse, K., Pumphrey, M., Singh, R.P. and Jin, Y. 2015. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of race TKTTF of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici that caused a wheat stem rust epidemic in southern Ethiopia in 2013-14. Phytopathology, 105, pp.917–928. DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-14-0302-fi.
Olivera Firpo, P.D., Newcomb, M., Szabo, L.J., Rouse, M.N., Johnson, J., Gale, S.W., Luster, D.G., Wanyera, R., Macharia, G., Bhavani, S., Hodson, D., Patpour, M., Hovmøller, M.S., and Jin, Y. 2022. Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici population causing recent wheat stem rust epidemics in Kazakhstan is highly diverse and includes novel virulences. Phytopathology, 112(11), pp.367-380. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-08-21-0320-R
Omrani, A., Afshari, F., Shahbazi, F. and Kabiri, A. 2024. Investigating the reaction of resistance to stripe rust disease (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in commercial cultivars and promising wheat lines (candidate to be introduced as a commercial cultivar). Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 47(1), pp.79–97. DOI: 10.22055/ppr.2024.48221.1769
Peterson, R.F., Campbell, A.B. and Hannah, A.E. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity on leaves and stems of cereals. Canadian Journal of Research, 26(5), pp.496–500. DOI: 10.1139/cjr48c-033
Pretorius, Z.A., Singh, R.P., Wagoire, W.W. and Payne, T.S. 2000. Detection of virulence to wheat stem rust resistance gene Sr31 in Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in Uganda. Plant Disease, 84(2), pp.203-203. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS.2000.84.2.203B
Rahmatov, M., Rouse, M.N., Steffenson, B.J., Andersson, S.C., Wanyera, R., Pretorius, Z.A., Houmøller, A. and Johansson, E. 2012. Sources of stem rust resistance in wheat-alien introgression lines. Plant Disease, 100(6), pp.1101–1109. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-04-15-0392-RE
Rodriguez-Algaba, J., Walter, S., Sørensen, C.K., Hovmøller, M. S. and Justesen, A.F. 2014. Sexual structures and recombination of the wheat stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on Berberis vulgaris. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 70, pp.77–85. DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.07.007
Roelfs, A.P., Singh, R.P. and Saari, E.E. 1992. Rust Diseases of Wheat: Concepts and Methods of Disease Management. Mexico, D.F.: CIMMYT. 81 pp.
Safavi, S.A. and Afshari, F. 2012. Quantitative resistance of some elite wheat lines to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 45(6), pp.740–749. DOI: 10.1080/03235408.2011.603277
Safavi, S.A. and Afshari, F. 2017. A seven-year assessment of resistance durability to stripe rust in some wheat cultivars in Ardabil province, Iran. Journal of Crop Protection, 6(3), pp.409–421.
Safavi, S.A. and Malihipour, A. 2018. Effective and ineffective resistance genes and reaction of promising wheat lines to stem rust in Ardabil. Journal of Crop Protection, 7(4), pp.415–427.
Safavi, S.A. 2019. Effectiveness of resistance genes to stripe rust and virulence of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici during two years monitoring in Ardabil. Applied Researches in Plant Protection, 8(3), pp.95–107.
Safavi, S.A. and Malihipour, A. 2020. Partial resistance of some wheat cultivars and candidate lines against stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici). Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 43(2), pp. 31–52. DOI: 10.22055/ppr.2020.31392.1558
Sandoval-Islas, J.S., Broers, L.H.M., Mora-Aguilera, G., Parlevliet, J.E., Osada, K.S. and Vihar, H.E. 2007. Quantitative resistance and its components in barley cultivars to yellow rust. Euphytica, 153(3), pp.295–308. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-006-9200-x
Singh, D., Park, R.F. and McIntosh, R.A. 2007. Characterization of wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 in Australian wheats using components of resistance and the linked molecular marker csLV34. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 58(11), pp.1106–1114. DOI: 10.1071/AR07131
Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J. and William, H.M. 2005. Genetics and breeding for durable resistance to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29(2), pp. 121–127.
Singh, R.P., Hodson, D.P., Huerta-Espino, J., Jin, Y., Njau, P., Wanyera, R., Herrera-Foessel, S.A. and Ward, R.W. 2008. Will stem rust destroy the world's wheat crop? Advances in Agronomy, 98, pp.271–309. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)00205-8
Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J., Bhavani, S., Herrera-Foessel, S.A., Singh, D., Singh, P.K., Velu, G., Mason, R.E., Jin, Y., Njau, P. and Crossa, J. 2011. Race non-specific resistance to rust diseases in CIMMYT spring wheats. Euphytica, 179(1), pp.175–186. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-010-0322-9
Singh, R.P., Hodson, D.P., Jin, Y., Lagudah, E.S., Ayliffe, M.A., Bhavani, S., Rouse, M.N., Pretorius, Z.A., Szabo, L.J., Huerta-Espino, J., Basnet, B.R., Lan, C. and Hovmøller, M. S. 2015. Emergence and spread of new races of wheat stem rust fungus: Continued threat to food security and prospects of genetic control. Phytopathology, 105, pp.872–84 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-15-0030-FI.
Srinivas, K., Singh, V.K., Srinivas, B., Sameriya, K.K., Kumar, U., Gangwar, O.P., Kumar, S., Prasad, L. and Singh, G.P. 2023. Documentation of multi-pathotype durable resistance in exotic wheat genotypes to deadly stripe and leaf rust diseases. Cereal Research Communications, 52(1), pp.189–201. DOI: 10.1007/s42976-023-00362-w
Stakman, E.C., Stewart, D.M. and Loegering, W.Q. 1962. Identification of Physiologic Races of Puccinia graminis tritici. USDA-ARS Bulletin E617. 51 pp.
Stubbs, R.W., Prescott, J.M., Saari, E.E. and Dubin, H.J. 1986. Cereal Disease Methodology Manual. Mexico, D.F.: CIMMYT. 51 pp.
Torabi, M., Mardoukhi, V., Nazari, K., Afshari, F., Forootan, A.R., Ramai, M.A., Golzar, H. and Kashani, A.S. 1995. Effectiveness of wheat yellow rust resistance genes in different part of Iran. Cereal Rust and Powdery Mildew Bulletin, 23, pp.9-12.
Wellings, C.R. 2007. Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Australia: a review of the incursion, evolution and adaptation of stripe rust in the period 1979–2006. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 58(6), pp.567–575. DOI: 10.1071/AR07130
Zeng, Q.D., Han, D.J., Wang, Q.L., Yuan, F.P., Wu, J.H., Zhang, L., Liu, D.J. and Jin, S.L. 2014. Stripe rust resistance and genes in Chinese wheat cultivars and breeding lines. Euphytica, 196(2), pp.271-284. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-013-1029-5
Zhu, X., Li, Z., Wu, L., Wang, J., Chen, M., Liu, D., Singh, R.P., Li, Y., Xia, X., He, Z. and Lan, C. 2023. Characterization of Yr genes in Chinese wheat cultivars and their application in breeding for stripe rust resistance. The Crop Journal, 11(2), pp. 581–589. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 297 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 161 |
||