| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,917 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,579,719 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,698,534 |
اثر سه گونه میکوریزا و محلول‌پاشی سرکه چوب بر برخی ویژگی‌های گیاهی و جذب عناصر غذایی آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 41، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 126، دی 1404، صفحه 598-612 اصل مقاله (1.45 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2025.367788.3497 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی طاهری اصغری* 1؛ ابوالفضل باغبانی آرانی2؛ سید رضا میرعلیزاده فرد3 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3مربی، گروه علوم کشاورزی و محیط‌زیست، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: کاربرد کودهای زیستی در تولید آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.) به عنوان یکی از مهمترین گیاهان اسانس‌دار و دارویی جهان در راستای کشاورزی پایدار و تولید محصول سالم حائز اهمیت است. از ترکیب‌های شیمیایی موجود در آویشن، اسیدهای فنولیک، ترپنوئیدها و فلاونوئیدها هستند که از آنها در درمان بیماری‌هایی مانند دیابت، آلزایمر و بیماری‌های قلبی می‌توان استفاده کرد. هدف از انجام این آزمایش، بررسی اثر کاربرد همزمان میکوریزا و محلول‌پاشی سرکه چوب بر برخی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی و عناصر غذایی شاخساره گیاه آویشن باغی بود. مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، طی دو سال زراعی 1400-1402 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل سه گونه قارچ میکوریزا (شاهد (عدم تلقیح)، تلقیح بذر و خاک با Glomus mosseae، G. etunicatum و با G. intraradices) و محلول‌پاشی سرکه چوب در چهار سطح شاهد (عدم مصرف)، 5، 10 و 15 در هزار) بود. عملکرد ماده خشک، درصد اسانس، شاخص کلروفیل، کاروتنوئید، درصد فلاونوئید، ترکیب‌های فنلی، آنتوسیانین، نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم شاخصاره اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج حاصل بوسیله نرم‌افزار SAS (نسخه 9.1.3) به صورت مرکب مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت و مقایسه میانگین‌ها نیز با آزمون حداقل تفاوت معنی‌داری (LSD) در سطح احتمال پنج درصد انجام شد. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد همزمان قارچ میکوریزا و سرکه چوب سبب افزایش معنی‌دار عملکرد ماده خشک، درصد اسانس و کارتنوئید، آنتوسیانین، ترکیب‌های فنلی و درصد فلاونوئید و شاخص کلروفیل آویشن باغی نسبت به شاهد شد. همچنین کاربرد میکوریزا به‌ویژه گونه (G. mosseae) سبب افزایش بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی گردید. علاوه بر این، پلات‌هایی که با کاربرد 10 در هزار سرکه چوب با گونه (G. mosseae) میکوریزا تیمار شده بودند بالاترین خصوصیات کمی و کیفی آویشن باغی را به خود اختصاص دادند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین جذب فسفر و پتاسیم شاخساره از تیمار تلقیح با میکوریزا G. mosseae و سرکه چوب 10 در هزار بدست آمد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 133 و 231 درصد افزایش را نشان داد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین آنتوسیانین، ترکیب‌های فنلی و درصد فلاونوئید از تیمار تلقیح با میکوریزا G. mosseae و سرکه چوب 10 در هزار بدست آمد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد به ترتیب 140، 97 و 107 درصد افزایش را نشان داد. نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طورکلی می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که کاربرد همزمان قارچ میکوریزا به‌ویژه G. mosseae با تیمار محلول‌پاشی 10 در هزار سرکه چوب تیمار مطلوبی برای تولید بالاترین عملکرد کمی و کیفی آویشن باغی به‌شمار می‌رود که می‌تواند کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی را کاهش دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کودهای زیستی؛ اسانس؛ کشاورزی پایدار؛ ماده خشک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of mycorrhiza and wood vinegar foliar application on growth, quality traits, and uptake in garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehdi Taheri Asghari1؛ Abolfazl Baghbani-Arani2؛ Seyed Reza Miralizadeh Fard3 | ||
| 1Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and objectives: Garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is recognized as one of the most important essential oil-producing and medicinal plants worldwide, and the use of biological fertilizers in its cultivation is considered vital for achieving sustainable agriculture and producing safe medicinal products. Among the key chemical constituents in thyme are phenolic acids, terpenoids, and flavonoids, which are widely used in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and cardiovascular disorders. This experiment aimed to examine the effect of the synchronic application of mycorrhizae, important ecological symbionts that receive carbon and lipids from the host plant and, in return, enhance water uptake and the absorption of rare mineral nutrients, and foliar spraying of wood vinegar on selected quantitative and qualitative traits and nutrient elements of garden thyme shoots. Methodology: To investigate the effect of the combined application of mycorrhiza and wood vinegar foliar spraying on the quantitative and qualitative properties and nutrient content of thyme shoots, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farms of Takestan University from 2021 to 2023. The experimental factors included mycorrhiza treatments (control, seed and soil inoculation with G. mosseae, G. etunicatum, and G. intraradices) and wood vinegar treatments (control and foliar spraying at 5, 10, and 15 mg/L). Dry matter yield (determined using a scale with 0.01 g precision), essential oil percentage, chlorophyll index, carotenoid content, flavonoid percentage, phenolic compounds, anthocyanin content, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in the shoots were measured. All data were analyzed using SAS software (version 9.1.3), and mean comparisons were performed using the least significant difference (LSD) test at the 5% probability level. Results: The findings indicated that the synchronic use of mycorrhizal fungi and wood vinegar significantly enhanced dry matter yield, essential oil percentage, carotenoid content, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations, anthocyanin levels, phenolic compounds, flavonoid percentage, and chlorophyll index of garden thyme relative to the control. Moreover, the application of mycorrhiza, particularly the species G. mosseae, resulted in notable improvements in most evaluated traits. In addition, the combined application of 10% wood vinegar and G. mosseae produced the highest quantitative and qualitative attributes of garden thyme. The inoculation treatment with G. mosseae, combined with 10% wood vinegar, produced the greatest concentrations of phosphorus and potassium in the shoots, representing increases of 133% and 231%, respectively, compared to the control. Furthermore, this combined treatment yielded the highest anthocyanin, phenolic compound content, and flavonoid percentage, with increases of 140%, 97%, and 107%, respectively, over the control. Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that, in alignment with the principles of sustainable agriculture, the synchronic use of mycorrhizal fungi, especially G. mosseae, together with foliar application of 10 mg/L wood vinegar, constitutes an effective approach for achieving maximum quantitative and qualitative yield in garden thyme. This strategy not only enhances essential agronomic and biochemical traits but also reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers, thereby contributing to the production of healthier and more environmentally sustainable plant products. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biofertilizers, essential oil, sustainable agriculture, dry matter | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Alavi Asl, S.A., Majidian, M., Modares Sanavy, S.A.M. and Esfahani, M., 2023. Effect of wood vinegar and humic acid on morphological, biochemical, antioxidant enzymes and essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under water deficit stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 54(3): 163-176. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijfcs.2023.356625.654990 - Abdolahipour, B. and Haghighi, M., 2019. Effect of pine wood vinegar on germination, growth and physiological characteristics, and uptake of elements in basil. Journal of Science and Technology Greenhouse Culture, 10(2): 11-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/ejgcst.10.2.11 - Alhoushi, G., 2024. Improving the growth of thyme plants (Thymus vulgaris L.) by nitrogen and potassium fertilization. Asian Journal of Advances in Research, 7(1): .234-240. https://prh.mbimph.com/review-history/3551 - Amani Machiani, M., Javanmard, A., Ostadi, A., Aghaee, A. and Rasouli, F., 2021a. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and harvesting time on the macro- and micronutrients and antioxidant enzymes activity of thyme (Thymus Vulgaris L.) in the different irrigation levels. Plant Process and Function, 10(44), 235-250. http://jispp.iut.ac.ir/article-1-1456-fa.html - Amani Machiani, M., Javanmard, A., Ostadi, A., Morshedloo, M.R. and Chabokpour, J., 2021b. Effects of harvest time and mycorrhiza fungus application on quantitative and qualitative yield of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil at different irrigation levels. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 36(6): 1022-1037. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2021.351323.2835 - Banu, N., 2015. Extraction and estimation of chlorophyll from medicinal plants. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(11): 209-212. file:///C:/Users/EZ_Tech/Downloads/NOV151021.pdf - Begum, N., Qin, C., Ahanger, M.A., Raza, S., Khan, M.I., Ashraf, M., Ahmed, N. and Zhang, L., 2019. Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant growth regulation: Implications in abiotic stress tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10: 1068. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01068 - Bennett, A.E. and Classen, A.T., 2020. Climate change influences mycorrhizal fungal-plant interactions, but conclusions are limited by geographical study bias. Ecology, 101(4): 02978. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2978 - Csongor, B., Viktoria, L.B., Erika, K., Bela, K., David, U.N., Peter, S., Giuseppe, M., Luigi, M., Judit, K., Dora, P. and Gyorgyi, H., 2023. Flowering phenophases influence the antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 23: 168. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-023-03966-1 - Emami, A., 1996. Plant Decomposition Methods. Agricultural Education Publication, Karaj, 128p (In persian). https://sid.ir/paper/422970/fa - Foroughi, S., Shahanipour, K., Monajemi, R. and Ahadi, A.M., 2024. Investigating the effects of Thymus vulgaris essential oil, Allium cepa extract, and their active compounds (thymol and quercetin) on expression profile of genes related to Alzheimer’s disease in PC12 model cell. Brain Research, 1838: 148966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148966 - Goshasbi, F., Heidari, M., Sabbagh, S.K. and Makarian, H., 2020. Effect of water deficit stress and bio and non-bio-fertilizers on flowering branches yield, photosynthetic pigments and concentration of macro elements in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 52(2): 157-172. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijfcs.2020.293187.654660 - Golubkina, N., Logvinenko, L., Novitsky, M., Zamana, S., Sokolov, S., Molchanova, A., Shevchuk, O., Sekara, A., Tallarita, A. and Caruso, G., 2020. Yield, essential oil and quality performances of Artemisia dracunculus, Hyssopus officinalis and Lavandula angustifolia as affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under organic management. Plants, 9: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9030375 - Grewal, A. and Abbey, G.L.R., 2018. Production, prospects and potential application of pyroligneous acid in agriculture. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 135: 152-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2018.09.008 - Hadi Panah, A., Gol Parvar, A.R., Ghasemi Pir Balooyi, A. and Zeinali, H., 2011. Determine optimum of harvest time on the quantity/quality of essential oil and thymol of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) in Isfahan. Journal of Medicinal Herbs, 2(1): 23-32. file:///C:/Users/padideh/Downloads/Article.pdf - Haghighi, M. and Sourani, M., 2019. Effect of organic fortified wood vinegar on greenhouse tomato growth in two soil and soilless media. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 20(2): 211-226. https://journal-irshs.ir/article-1-242-en.pdf - Hazrati, S., Shiri, S., Sarabi, V. and Mohammadi, H., 2023. Effect of pyroligneous acid application and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (Glomus Genus) on growth, yield and fatty acids of Lallemantia iberica in poor soils. Plant Process and Function, 12(57): 69-89. https://doi.org/10.22034/12.57.69 - Hongyin, Z., Yan, S., Naiming, Z., Zhizong, L., Li, B. and Yunsheng, X., 2024. Wood fiber biomass pyrolysis solution as a potential tool for plant disease management: A review. Heliyon, 10: 25509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25509 - Iacomino, G., Idbella, M., Staropoli, A., Nanni, B., Bertoli, T., Vinale, F. and Bonanomi, G., 2024. Exploring the potential of wood vinegar: Chemical composition and biological effects on crops and pests. Agronomy, 14: 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010114 - Krizek, D.T., Britz, S.J. and Mirecki, R.M., 1998. Inhibitory effects of ambient levels of solar UV-A and UV-B radiation on growth of cv. new red fire lettuce. Physiologia Plantarum, 103: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1998.1030101.x - Maleki Lajayer, H., 2023. Evaluation of influence of wood vinegar and light quality on growth and biochemical traits of chervil plant (Antriscus cerifolium). Journal of Vegetables Sciences, 7(13): 198-209. - Mandal, S. and DebMandal, M., 2016. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) oils: 825-834. In: Preedy, V.R., (Ed.). Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety. Academic Press, 895p. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-416641-7.00094-8 Mita, S., Murano, N., Akaike, M. and Nakamura, K., 1997. Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana with pleiotropic effects on the expression of the gene for beta-amylase and on the accumulation of anthocyanin those are inducible by sugars. Plant Journal, 11: 841-851. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.1997.11040841.x Mohammadpour Vashvaei, R., Goloi, M., Ramroudi, M. and Ali Fakheri, B., 2015. The effects of drought stress and inoculation of biofertilizers on the growth, yield and composition of thyme essential oil. Journal of Agroecology, 7(2): 237-253. https://doi.org/10.22067/jag.v7i2.36935 Rahimi, A., Jahanbin, S., Salehi, A. and Faraji, H., 2016. The effect of mycorrhizal fungi on morphological characteristics, amount of phenolic compounds and chlorophyll fluorescence under drought conditions in Borago officinails L. Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology, 11(42): 46-55. file:///C:/Users/padideh/Downloads/6015313954206.pdf Sabbagh, S., Sarafraz, M., Taheri, M. and Bolok, H., 2020. Effect of glomus intraradices fungus on enzymatic activities and growth condition of seven wheat genotypes. Crop Science Research in Arid Regions, 2(1): 43-53. https://doi.org/10.22034/csrar.2020.119122 Slinkard, K. and Singleton, V.L., 1977. Total phenol analysis automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28: 49-55. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1977.28.1.49 Taheri Asghari, M. and Miralizadeh Fard, S.R., 2024. The effects of foliar application of humic acid and symbiosis with mycorrhiza fungi species on the morphological and phytochemical characteristics of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Journal of Crops Improvement, 26(2): 423-438. https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2024.364586.2843 Taheri Asghari, M., 2022. Effect of seed inoculation with Mycorrhiza fungi and leaf application of amino acid on some qualitative and herbaceous properties of pot marigold. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 9(3): 57-71. https://jms.guilan.ac.ir/article_6164.html#:~:text=10.22124/JMS.2022.6164 Taksera, N.R., AbuEl-Leil, E.F. and Abdel-Fattah, G.M., 2024. Impact of bio-fertilizer and humic acid applications on productivity and some biochemical characteristics of Thymus vulgaris grow in sandy soil. Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 43(4): 853-872. https://mjard.journals.ekb.eg/article_340131_8023feaba9367b16b5e7cb7959079374.pdf Tombesi, S., Cincera, I., Frioni, T., Ughini, V., Gatti, M., Palliotti, A. and Poni, S., 2019. Relationship among night temperature, carbohydrate translocation and inhibition of grapevine leaf photosynthesis. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 157: 293-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.10.023 Wang, Y., Qiu, L., Song, Q., Wang, S., Wang, Y. and Ge, Y., 2019. Root proteomics reveals the effects of wood vinegar on wheat growth and subsequent tolerance to drought stress. International Journal of Molecular Science, 20: 943. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040943 Zhu, K., Gu, S., Liu, J., Luo, T., Khan, Z., Zhang, K. and Hu, L., 2021. Wood vinegar as a complex growth regulator promotes the growth, yield, and quality of rapeseed. Agronomy, 11: 510. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030510
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 335 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 302 |
||