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مهار پایدار پوسیدگی ریشه لوبیا با بهره‌گیری از دانش همه گیر شناسی (مقاله مروری) | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| دوره 93، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 120، شهریور 1404، صفحه 81-95 اصل مقاله (437.84 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2025.370418.1551 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بیتا ناصری* 1؛ علی دهقانی2؛ سارا سیاهپوش2 | ||
| 1بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کزمانشاه، | ||
| 2مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی لرستان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| همان‌گونه که از نام دانش همه‌گیرشناسی بر می‌آید، شناسایی نشانگرهای وابسته به هواشناسی، زیستگاه، خاک، روش‌های کشاورزی، گیاه‌شناسی گیاه میزبان بیماری، و بیماری‌زایی بیمارگر برای مهار پایدار و کارآمد بیماری‌های گیاهی نیاز است. برای نمونه، افزایش مقاومت ژنتیکی گیاه لوبیا با به‌کارگیری روش‌های کشاورزی به ویژه بهینه‌سازی هنگام کاشت بر پایه یافته همه‌گیرشناسی از همبستگی چندگانه میان مقاومت گیاه، کاشت به‌هنگام و نشانگرهای کلیدی خاک پیشرفت بیماری پوسیدگی ریشه انجام‌پذیر است. نمونه دیگر، می‌توان از کاربرد کارآمد قارچ کش در ضدعفونی دانه لوبیا بر پایه دانش همه‌گیرشناسی این بیماری خاکزاد یاد نمود که همگام با جلوگیری از کاربرد بی‌رویه و زیان‌بار قارچکش در خاک، از آلودگی شیمیایی خاک و آب نیز می‌کاهد. همچنین در برنامه‌ریزی مهار پایدار این بیماری خاکزاد می‌توان از همبستگی میان رخداد همه‌گیری بیماری با ویژگی‌های زیستی و ساختاری خاک، روش‌های کشاورزی مانند آبیاری و کوددهی، رویدادهای هواشناسی برای بهینه‌سازی هنگام کاشت، روند پیشرفت بیماری در گیاه میزبان و گسترش آن در هر پهنه سود بسیار جست. پس به‌کار بستن شمار بیش‌تری از روش‌های مبارزه با بیماری، کارآیی و پایداری برنامه مهار بیماری را افزایش چشمگیری می‌دهد. ازهمین‌رو مهار پایدار بیماری‌های گیاهی با کمک دانش همه‌گیرشناسی و به‌کارگیری مدلهای پیشآگاهی به درستی انجام‌پذیر است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اقلیم؛ خاک؛ همه‌گیرشناسی؛ همه‌گیری بیماری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Sustainable management of bean root rots using epidemiology (Review article) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Dehghani2؛ Sara Siahpoush2؛ | ||
| 2Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, AREEO, Lorestan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| As epidemiology shows, the description of indicators related to weather, environment, soil, agricultural practices, host plant botany, and pathogen virulence is greatly needed for sustainable and efficient management of plant diseases. For instance, increasing genetic resistance of bean as host plant is accessible according to effective agronomic practices in particular optimal planting date based on multiple interaction of plant resistance, optimum date of planting and soil indicators of root rot disease development. As another example, an effective application of fungicide in disinfecting of seed based on epidemiology not only inhibits risks and over-use of fungicide soil-application, but also reduces chemical pollution of soil and water. In this soilborne disease, it could also benefit from correlation of disease epidemics occurrence with soil biotic and structural characteristics, agronomic indicators such as optimized irrigation and fertilization, weather indicators used to optimize planting date, progression of disease in host plant and its regional distribution. Thus, involving further disease control strategies highly improves efficiency and stability of sustainable disease management. Hence, sustainable management of plant diseases is accurately achievable according to epidemiological science and using predictive models. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Epidemiology, climate, disease outbreak, soil | ||
| مراجع | ||
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