1Department of Agriculture, Go.C., Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
3Department of Phytopathology, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
4Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
5Department of Applied Botany, Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
چکیده
This study explored the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Irpex laceratus, a novel endophytic fungus isolated from Glaucium fimbrilligerum Boiss. Metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate, diluted in n-hexane and n-butanol solvents, and identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) using a non-polar column and NIST23 library matching (≥70%). The n-hexane extraction identified 47 distinct compounds, with simple hydrocarbons (40.42%) and organo-oxygen compounds (29.78%) being the most abundant classes. Other detected groups included organonitrogen (10.63%), organoiodine (6.38%), organosilicon (4.25%), and minor contributions from organochlorine, organosulfur, organobromine, and organofluorine compounds (each 2.12%). Most metabolites exhibited molecular weights between 200–400 g/mol, representing 44.67% of the total. In contrast, the n-butanol extract revealed 36 distinct compounds, with a different chemical distribution: simple hydrocarbons (33.33%), organo-oxygen compounds (27.77%), organosilicon (16.16%), organonitrogen and organochlorine (each 11.11%), and small proportions of organoarsenic, organosulfur, and organofluorine compounds (each 2.77%). The dominant molecular weight range for n-butanol metabolites was 200–300 g/mol (44.44%), followed by 300–400 g/mol (30.55%). The present study offers a comprehensive chemical profiling of I. laceratus, serving as a foundational contribution toward the systematic characterization of its VOC diversity. The identification of a broad spectrum of structurally and functionally diverse organic compounds underscores the metabolic complexity of the species and highlights its potential for discovering novel bioactive compounds.