Identification of chemical compounds of aqueous extracts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and nettle (Urtica dioica) plants and their nematicidal effect on tobacco root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| Article 2, Volume 12, Issue 1, August 2024, Pages 13-28 PDF (556.08 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.22092/bcpp.2024.367420.377 | ||
| Author | ||
| Marziyeh Shazdeh ahmadi* | ||
| Researcher, Biotechnology research department, Tirtash Tobacco Research and Education center, Behshahr, Mazandaran, Iran. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne sp.) are one of the most important plant parasitic nematodes in the world, due to the way of damage and the wide range of hosts, which attack many plants and annually cause irreparable damage to crops all over the world. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted to identify suitable plant compounds to replace chemical agents with natural alternatives for nematode control. This research aimed to develop an effective, low-risk, and economical method for managing root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) on tobacco plants by investigating the effects of aqueous extracts from fennel seed (F. vulgare) and nettle leaf (U. dioica) on the non-hatching of eggs and the mortality of second instar larvae of M. incognita. Aqueous extracts were prepared by soaking them with water. Investigations were carried out in two parts: laboratory and the greenhouse. Also, the chemical compounds of the aqueous extracts of F. vulgare and U. dioica plants were identified using GC-MS. In a laboratory study, different concentrations of the extract significantly increased the mortality rate of nematode larvae, so that the concentrations of 15% and 20% of F. vulgare extract, after 48 hours, caused the destruction of 100% of the old larvae. Two became nematodes. The highest inhibition percentage of nematode egg hatching was also observed in the treatment of F. vulgare extract with a concentration of 20% and 78.9% in laboratory conditions. In a greenhouse survey, one week after transplanting with K326 tobacco, two holes with a depth of 5 cm were made around the crown of each plant, and for inoculation and seeding, 2000 eggs and second instar larvae were placed in each pot. The nematode M. incognita was added. Aqueous extracts of F. vulgare and U. dioica plants in concentrations of 15 and 20% were added to the soil of the pots 10 days after inoculation with nematodes. About two months after inoculation with nematodes, the seedlings gradually emerged from the soil of each pot, and the characteristics of Gall index, the number of egg mass, average egg per mass, reproduction factor, nematode population in the soil and roots and the percentage of nematode control were investigated. and notes were taken. According to the results of analysis of variance, all the indicators related to nematodes showed a significant difference at the level of 1% (P < 0.01). Aqueous extract of F. vulgare had a better effect than U. dioica extract, and the best effect in nematode control was obtained in aqueous extract of F. vulgare with a concentration of 20%. In total, the results of research have shown the high inhibitory and nematicidal power of these extracts, especially F. vulgare against M. incognita. . | ||
| Keywords | ||
| tobacco; root-knot nematode; plant extract; fennel; nettle | ||
| References | ||
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