Given the intense heat, high solar radiation, limited water resources, and poor soil quality in the Sistan region, Ruby Seedless grapevines do not exhibit strong growth. Therefore, regulating the number of buds during winter and controlling vegetative growth during the growing season until fruit harvest are crucial for achieving both quantitative and qualitative yields. The experimental treatments included four levels of winter pruning intensity: 1- Control (local practice), 2- Light pruning (10+60), 3- Moderate pruning (10+40), and 4- Heavy pruning (10+20), as well as four levels of green pruning intensity: 1- Control (local practice), 2- Light green pruning (pruning green shoots eight nodes above the last cluster), 3- Moderate green pruning (complete removal of lateral shoots + pruning green shoots eight nodes above the last cluster), and 4- Heavy green pruning (complete removal of non-productive green shoots growing from the one-year-old fruit-bearing branches of the previous year + complete removal of lateral shoots + pruning green shoots eight nodes above the last cluster). Heavy winter pruning resulted in an increase in traits such as total soluble solids, total acidity, juice content, cluster sunburn, and flavor index by 8.4%, 14.5%, 5%, 11%, and 7.6%, respectively, compared to the control, and a decrease in acidity and the number of days to fruit ripening by 20.1% and 10.5%, respectively, compared to the control. Heavy green pruning increased traits such as total soluble solids, total acidity, juice content, cluster sunburn, and flavor index by 9%, 17.8%, 10%, 29%, and 10.7%, respectively, compared to the control, while reducing acidity and the number of days to fruit ripening by 21% and 14.4%, respectively, compared to the control. Overall, the highest flavor index of Ruby Seedless grapes was observed under conditions of heavy winter pruning combined with the complete removal of non-productive green shoots growing from the one-year-old fruit-bearing branches of the previous year, complete removal of lateral shoots, and pruning green shoots eight nodes above the last cluster. |