| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,918 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,587,326 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,701,001 |
مقایسه میزان ترسیب کربن خاک چند گونه گیاهی در مناطق بیابانی خراسان | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 31، شماره 4، بهمن 1403، صفحه 347-362 اصل مقاله (774.11 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2025.132714 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسلم رستم پور* 1؛ رضا یاری2؛ سیده محبوبه میرمیران2 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری و عضو گروه پژوهشی خشکسالی و تغییر اقلیم، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف اگرچه اکوسیستم‌های بیابانی به دلیل پوشش گیاهی کم و کربن محدود، معمولاً در بررسی‌های ترسیب کربن کمتر مورد توجه قرار می‌گیرند اما به‌دلیل اینکه بیش از یک‌سوم اراضی سطح زمین، 55 درصد از کل مساحت ایران و بیش از 50 درصد از مساحت استان خراسان جنوبی را پوشش می‌دهند، بنابراین می‌توانند محل ذخیره کربن قابل توجهی باشند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی میزان ترسیب کربن توسط شش گونه بیابانی Calligonum polygonoides، Seidlitzia rosmarinus، Artemisia sieberi، Stipagrostis pennata، Salsoa richteri و Zygophyllum eurypterum در مراتع شهرستان فردوس انجام شد. مواد و روش‌ها در این پژوهش، گونه غالب شش رویشگاه مورد مطالعه شناسایی شد و نمونه‌برداری زیر تاج پوشش گونه غالب انجام گردید. در رویشگاه Calligonum polygonoides، Seidlitzia rosmarinus،Zygophyllum eurypterum و Salsoa richteri ۳۰ پلات چهار متر مربعی و در رویشگاه‌های Artemisia sieberi و Stipagrostis pennata،30 پلات دو متر مربعی به‌طور تصادفی مستقر شدند و درصد تاج پوشش و تراکم گیاهی در هر پلات برآورد شد. سپس در همان پلات‌ها، در زیر تاج پوشش گونه غالب، پروفیل خاک تا عمق 70 سانتی‌متر حفر شد و نمونه خاک برداشت شده و به آزمایشگاه منتقل گردید. با برآورد درصد کربن آلی خاک (روش والکلی بلک) و وزن مخصوص ظاهری خاک (به روش کلوخه)، در نهایت میزان ترسیب کربن خاک اندازه‌گیری شد. داده‌ها در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و برای مقایسه میانگین‌ها از آزمـون توکی در سطح احتمال پنج درصد استفاده شد. نرمالیتی و همگنی واریانس‌های مقادیر باقیمانده توسط آزمون‌های شاپیرو-ویلک و بارتلت بررسی شد. داده‌های حاصل از نتایج آزمایش‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار R مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان کربن آلی خاک در رویشگاه‌های جفنه و درمنه و کمترین میزان آن نیز در رویشگاه اشنان مشاهده شد. بیشترین وزن مخصوص ظاهری خاک در رویشگاه اسکنبیل وجود داشت. نتایج تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که اثر رویشگاه بر ترسیب کربن خاک معنی‌دار (01/0 p<) و میزان این تأثیر متوسط تا زیاد است (ηp2 بین 10/0 تا 47/0). بیشترین و کمترین میزان ترسیب کربن به ترتیب در رویشگاه‌های قیچ (66/28 تن در هکتار) و اشنان (80/12 تن در هکتار) مشاهده شد. همچنین از لحاظ درصد پوشش گیاهی نیز بین رویشگاه‌ها تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده شد (01/0 p<). بیشترین و کمترین میزان درصد پوشش گیاهی نیز به ترتیب در رویشگاه‌های قیچ (84/36 درصد) و اشنان (15/10 درصد) به‌دست آمد. رویشگاه اشنان از کمترین میزان کربن آلی خاک و درصد پوشش گیاهی کمتر برخوردار بود و در مقایسه با سایر گیاهان، کمترین میزان ترسیب کربن را تولید نمود. گیاه جفنه نیز با وجود بالا بودن کربن آلی در خاک رویشگاه خود اما به دلیل پایین بودن تراکم و درصد تاج پوشش گیاهی ترسیب کربن کمی داشت. نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان می‌دهد که بین درصد پوشش گیاهی و ترسیب کربن رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود دارد (01/0 p<)، اما بین تراکم گیاهی و ترسیب کربن رابطه معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0 p>). نتیجه‌گیری میزان ترسیب کربن با توجه به درصد پوشش گیاهی متفاوت بوده و بین درصد پوشش گیاهی با میزان ترسیب کربن رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود داشت، در صورتی که بین میزان تراکم گیاهی و ترسیب کربن رابطه معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. به‌طوری‌که در این بررسی رویشگاه قیچ دارای بیشترین درصد تاج پوشش گیاهی و ترسیب کربن بوده و رویشگاه اشنان از کمترین درصد پوشش گیاهی و ترسیب کربن برخوردار است. بنابراین می‌توان از پارامتر درصد پوشش گیاهی برای برآورد ترسیب کربن استفاده نمود. به‌عبارتی، رویشگاه‌هایی که گیاهان بوته‌ای و درختچه‌ای دارند می‌توان از روی درصد تاج پوشش، میزان ترسیب کربن را برآورد کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پوشش گیاهی؛ توسعه پایدار؛ ذخیره کربن؛ منطقه خشک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of soil carbon sequestration of several plant species in the desert areas of South Khorasan | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Rostam Moslempour1؛ Reza Yari2؛ Seyedeh Mahboubeh Mirmiran2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management and Research Group of Drought and Climate Change, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Khorasan-e-razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and objectives: Desert ecosystems usually receive less attention in carbon sequestration studies due to their low vegetation cover and limited carbon sequestration. However, since more than a third of the earth's surface covers 55% of the total area of Iran and more than 50% of the area of South Khorasan province, so they can be a significant carbon storage place. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the carbon sequestration by six desert species: Calligonum polygonoides, Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Artemisia sieberi, Stipagrostis pennata, Salsoa richteri and Zygophyllum eurypterum in the rangeland of Ferdows. Methodology: In this Study, 30 plots of four square meters were randomly established in Calligonum polygonoides, Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Zygophyllum eurypterum and Salsoa richteri and in Artemisia sieberi and Stipagrostis pennata habitats, 30 plots of two square meters were randomly established and the canopy percentage and plant density were estimated in each plot. Vegetation cover and plant density were estimated in each plot. In the same plots, the soil profile was dredged down to a depth of 70 cm under the canopy, and the soil sample was taken and transported to the laboratory. By estimating the percentage of soil organic carbon (using the Walkley-Black method) and bulk density of the soils (using the paraffin method), the amount of soil carbon sequestration was finally measured. The data was used in the form of a completely random design, and Tukey's test was used to compare the means at the five percent probability level. The Shapiro-Wilk and Bartlett tests were used to check whether residual value variances were normal and homogeneous. The data obtained from the results of the experiments were analyzed using R software. Results: In general, the results showed that the highest amount of soil organic carbon was observed in Salsoa richteri and Artemisia sieberi habitats and the lowest amount was observed in Seidlitzia rosmarinus habitat. The highest amount of bulk density was observed in Calligonum polygonoides habitats. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the effect of the habitat on soil carbon sequestration is significant (p<0.01) and the amount of this effect is moderate to high (ηp2 between 0.10 and 0.47). The highest and lowest amount of carbon sequestration was observed in Zygophyllum eurypterum (28.66 tons per hectare) and Seidlitzia rosmarinus (12.80 tons per hectare habitats, respectively. Also, in terms of the percentage of vegetation, a significant difference was observed between habitats. The highest and lowest of vegetation cover percentage was obtained in Zygophyllum eurypteru (36.84%) and Seidlitzia rosmarinus (10.15%) habitats, respectively. Seidlitzia rosmarinus habitat had the lowest amount of soil organic carbon and also the highest percentage of vegetation, and compared to other plants, it produced the lowest amount of carbon sequestration. The highest and lowest plant density was obtained in the Stipagrostis pennata and Zygophyllum eurypterum habitats, respectively. Despite the high organic carbon in the soil of its habitat, Salsoa richteri plant also had low carbon sequestration due to the low density and percentage of vegetation cover. The results of correlation analysis show that there is a positive and significant relationship between vegetation percentage and carbon sequestration (p<0.01), but no significant relationship was observed between plant density and carbon sequestration (p>0.05). Conclusion: The amount of carbon sequestration was different depending on the percentage of vegetation and there was a positive and significant relationship between the percentage of vegetation and the amount of carbon sequestration, while no relationship was observed between the amount of vegetation density and carbon sequestration. So, in this study, Zygophyllum eurypterum habitat produced the highest percentage of vegetation cover and carbon sequestration, and Seidlitzia rosmarinus habitat had the lowest percentage of vegetation cover and carbon sequestration. Therefore, the vegetation percentage parameter can be used to estimate carbon sequestration. In other words, in the habitats that have bushy and shrubby plants, it is possible to estimate the amount of carbon sequestration based on the canopy percentage. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Vegetation cover, Sustainable development, Carbon storage, Arid regions | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Agbelade, A. D. and Onyekwelu, J. C., 2020. Tree species diversity, volume yield, biomass and carbon sequestration in urban forests in two Nigerian cities. Urban Ecosystems, 2: 1-14.
Ahmadi, H., Heshmati, Gh. and Naseri, H.R., 2015. Soil carbon sequestration potential in desert lands affected two species of Haloxylon aphyllum and Stipagrostis plumosa (Aran-o-Bidgol, Iran). Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 3(5): 29-36 (In Persian).
Ahmed, M.M., 2023. Environmental Indicators Related to Native Plants to Assess the Quality of Life in the Degraded Desert Area. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13: 40-47.
Alvarez, F., Casanoves, F. and Suarez, J.C., 2021. Influence of scattered trees in grazing areas on soil properties in the Piedmont region of the Colombian Amazon. Plos one, 16(12): e0261612.2.
Asgari, H.R., Savarolya, M., Yeganeh, H., Honardoust, F. and Mombeni, M., 2021. Effects of Grazing Exclusure on Some Soil Properties, Carbon Sequestration and Estimating the Economic Value of (Case Study: Arid Rangelands North of Gonbad Kavous). Degradation and Rehabilitation of Natural Land, 2(3): 1-11 (In Persian).
Attaeian, B., Karami, F., Akhzari, D. and Kiani, G.A., 2023. Comparative Study of Vegetation Parameters, Soil Elements, and Organic Carbon Storage in Mountain Rangelands under Exclosure and Grazing Management: A Case Study in Asadabad, Hamadan. Journal of Rangeland, 17(2): 247-262 (In Persian).
Bahadoran, M., Ejtehadi, H., Ghasemzadeh, F., and Abrishamchi, P., 2016. An Autecological Study of "Salsola richteri (Moq.) Karel ex Litw. in South Khorasan. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 29(2), 286-299 (In Persian).
Bahrami, B., Erfanzadeh, R. and Motamedi, J., 2013. Effect of Slope and Vegetation on Carbon Sequestration in a Semi-dry Rangeland of Western Iran, Case Study: Khanghah Sorkh, Urmia. Journal of Water and Soil, 27(4): 703-711 (In Persian).
Brooks, R., 2020. Carbon sequestration what’s that? Journal of Forest Management, 32: 2-4.
Dianati Tilaki, Gh. A., Rahmani, R., Hoseini, S.A. and Vasenev, I., 2022. The effect of land management on carbon sequestration in salty rangelands of Golestan province, Iran. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 42: 82-89.
Fatehi, M., 2019. Investigating the relationship between soil nutrients and halophyte and psammophyte plants in western rangeland of Ferdows, South Khorasan province. Master thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Birjand University. 97 p (In Persian).
Jafari, M. and Rostampour, M., 2020. Environmental stress. Seed and plant. Tehran University Press. 351p (In Persian).
Jafarian, Z., Tayefeh Seyyed Alikhani, L. and Tamartash, R., 2012. Investigation of Carbon Storage Potential of Artemisia aucheri, Agropyron elongatum, Stipa barbata, in Semi-arid Rangelands of Iran (Case study: Peshert Region, Kiasar). Journal of Range and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 65(2), 191-202 (In Persian).
Jankju, M. and Noedoost, F., 2012. Autecology of Zygophyllum atriplicoides in the rangelands of Northern Khorasan province. Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 65(4), 483-494 (In Persian).
Jansson, C., Wullschleger, S.D., Kalluri, U.C., and Tuskan, G.A., 2010. Phytosequestration: Carbon biosequestration by plant and prospects of genetic engineering. BioScience 60: 658-696.
John, R., 2022. Profitability of carbon sequestration in western Rangelands of the United States. Rangeland Ecology and Management, 5(4): 40-350.
Joneidi, H., Zare Chahouki, M.A., Azarnivand, H. and Sadeghipour, A., 2012. Efffect of Haloxylon ammodendron and Pistachia vera plantation on carbon and nitrogen storage in Artemisia sieberi shrubland of Semnan province. Journal of Arid Biome, 1(4): 15-25 (In Persian).
Kamali, N., Jalili, A., Ashouri, P., and Khodagholi, M., 2021. Artemisia, the largest rangeland ecosystem in Iran. Iran Nature, 6(5), 35-43 (In Persian).
Khademi, T., 2020. Investigating the relationship between soil properties and forage quality in rangeland species Stipa barbata، Stipa capensic, Zygophyllum atriplicoides, Eryngium billardieri and Artemisia aucheri (case study: Rangelands of Ferdows, South Khorasan) province). Master thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Birjand University. 105 p (In Persian).
Komer, C., 2003. Carbon limitation in trees. Journal of Ecology, 91, 4-17.
Lal, R. 2009. Sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. Critical Reviews in Plant science, 28, 90-96.
Liu, H., Chongyang, X., Craig, D.A., Hartmann, H., Wei, X., Yakir, D., Wu, X. and Yu, P., 2022. Nature-based Framework for Sustainable Afforestation in Global Drylands under Changing Climate. Global Change Biology, 28(7): 2202–2220.
Ma, Q., Wang, X., Chen, F., Wei, L., Zhang, D. and Jin, H., 2021. arbon Sequestration of Sand-fixing Plantation of Haloxylon Ammodendron in Shiyang River Basin: Storage, Rate and Potential. Global Ecology and Conservation, 28: 1–19.
Mirdavoodi, H., Zandi Esfahan, E., Goudarzi, G. H. and Farmaheini, A., 2021. Carbon storage capacity of Lycium depressum Stocks and Zygophyllum fabago L. and soil (rooting depth) of their habitats in Meyghan playa, Arak. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 28(2): 328-340 (In Persian).
Mofidi Chelan, M., Sheidai Karkaj, E. and Ghoreyshi, R., 2021. Estimation of economic value of carbon sequestration at Inchehbrun salt lands, Golestan province. Journal of Rangeland, 15(2): 269-281 (In Persian).
Motamedi, J., Ebrahimi, Sh. and Sheidai karkaj, E., 2020. Relationship between carbon storage of Astragalus brachyanus species with plant characteristics, habitat characteristics and rangeland management, Rajan, West Azerbaijan. Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 73 (2): 423-438 (In Persian).
Pandey, R., Singh Bargali, S., Bargali, K., Karki, H., Kumar, M. and Sahoo. U.K., 2022. Fine root dynamics and associated nutrient flux in Sal dominated forest ecosystems of Central Himalaya, India. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 5:1064502: 1-19.
Sadeghi, H. and Raeini, M.G.N., 2016. Capability investigation of carbon sequestration in Artemisia aucheri Bioss. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 13: 159-164.
Sheidai Karkaj, E., Barani, H., Akbarlo, M., Heshmati, Gh. A. and Khormali, F., 2013. Cost comparing of soil carbon sequestration in rangeland reclamation practices through plantation of Agropyron elongatum and Atriplex lentiformis (Case Study: Chapr goymeh of Gonbad). Journal of water and Soil Conservation, 20(1): 241-252 (In Persian).
Shirzaei, M., Ebrahimi, M. and Saberi, M., 2022. Comparison of carbon pool in habitats of Zygophyllum atriplicoides Fisch. & C.A.Mey. and Artemisia sieberi Besser. in Luchunasi rangelands (Southeastern Iran). Desert, 27(2): 215-225 (In Persian).
Souri, M., Fayaz, M., Kamali, N., Nateghi, S. and Ashouri, P., 2020. The carbon storage capacity of the Artemisia sieberi Besser under the enclosure (Kalat Sadat Abad, Sabzevar city). Journal of Plant Research, 32(4): 788-797 (In Persian).
Stockmann, U., Adams, M., Crawford, J., Field, D., Henakaarchchi, N., Jenkins, M., McBratney, A., Courcelles, V.R., Singh, K. and Wheeler, I. 2011. Managing the soil-plant system to mitigate atmospheric CO2. The University of Sydney, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources. Dow Sustainability Program. 55p.
Su, Y.Z., Xue, F.W., Rong, Y. and Jaehoon, L., 2020. Effects of sandy desertified land rehabilitation on soil carbon sequestration and aggregation in an arid region in china. Journal of Environment Management, 91: 2109-2116.
Surya Prabha, A.C., Senthivelu, M., Krishna kumar, N. and Nagendran, S., 2020. Urba Forests and their Role in Carbon Sequestration: A Review. International Journal of Forest Research, 1(16): 23-29.
Tessema, B., Sommer, R., Piikki, K., Soderstrom, M., Namirembe, S., Notenbaert, A., Tamene, L., Nyawira, S. and Paul, B., 2020. Potential for soil organic carbon sequestration in grasslands in East African countries: A review. Grassland Science, 66: 135-144.
Tian, Q., Zhang, X., Yi, H., Li, Y., Xu, Z., He, J. and He, L., 2023. Plant diversity drives soil carbon sequestration: evidence from 150 years of vegetation restoration in the temperate zone. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14:1191704: 1-12.
Wei, X., Yang, J., Luo, P., Lin, L., Lin, K. and Guan, J., 2022. Assessment of the variation and influencing factors of vegetation NPP and carbon sink capacity under different natural conditions. Ecological Indicators, 138: 1-15.
Xiaohong, J., Jia, L., Jingyun, Y., Bingqiang, F., Fang, B., Xiaotian, X. and Bo, W., 2023. Estimating carbon storage of desert ecosystems in China. International Journal of Digital Earth, 16(2): 4113–4125. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 716 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 379 |
||