| This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) and honey on biochemical parameters, thyroid hormones, and liver tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic adult male rats. Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: control, placebo, diabetic control, and experimental groups receiving 2 g kg-1 and 4 g kg-1 of the extract and honey for 21 days. Serum levels of thyroid hormones, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, albumin, and total protein were measured. Liver histology was assessed to determine the extent of tissue damage. The results demonstrated that treatment with 2 g kg-1 and 4 g kg-1 of black seed and honey significantly improved lipid profiles, increased HDL, and reduced triglycerides and LDL levels (p< 0.05). Thyroid hormone regulation improved, with increased T3 and stabilized TSH levels. Histological analysis revealed reduced liver necrosis and inflammation in the treated groups, highlighting the hepatoprotective effects of the extract. Overall, the combination of Nigella sativa and honey significantly mitigated the adverse effects of diabetes, offering a promising natural treatment strategy for managing diabetes and its complications. |
- Hossain M.J., Al-Mamun M., Islam M.R. Diabetes mellitus, the fastest growing global public health concern: Early detection should be focused. Health Sci Rep. 2024;7(3):e2004.
- Cusick M., Meleth A.D., Agrón E., Fisher M.R., Reed G.F., Knatterud G.L., Barton F.B., Davis M.D., Ferris III F.L., Chew E.Y. Associations of mortality and diabetes complications in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study report no. 27. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(3):617-25.
- Papatheodorou K., Banach M., Bekiari E., Rizzo M., Edmonds M. Complications of diabetes 2017. J Diabetes Res. 2018:3086167.
- Mollaeian A., Roudsari H., Talebi E. Sweet’s syndrome: A classical presentation of a rare disease. J Investigative Med High Impact Case Rep. 2019;7:2324709619895164.
- Haw J.S., Venkat Narayan K.M., Ali M.K. Quality improvement in diabetes—successful in achieving better care with hopes for prevention. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2015;1353(1):138-51.
- Pandey A., Chawla S., Guchhait P. Type-2 diabetes: Current understanding and future perspectives. IUBMB Life. 2015;67(7):506-13.
- Barkas F., Elisaf M., Liberopoulos E., Liontos A., Rizos E.C. High triglyceride levels alter the correlation of apolipoprotein B with low- and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol mostly in individuals with diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2016;247:58-63.
- Kaur J., Singh P., Sowers J.R. Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. American Journal of Therapeutics. 2002;9(6):510-5.
- Newsholme P., Cruzat V.F., Keane K.N., Carlessi R., de Bittencourt Jr P.I.H. Molecular mechanisms of ROS production and oxidative stress in diabetes. Biochemical J. 2016;473(24):4527-50.
- Feldt-Rasmussen U., Effraimidis G., Klose M. The hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)-axis and its role in physiology and pathophysiology of other hypothalamus-pituitary functions. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2021;525:111173.
- Fekete C., Lechan R.M. Central regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Endocrine Rev. 2014;35(2):159-94.
- Stefan N., Cusi K. A global view of the interplay between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes. The Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(4):284-96.
- Talebi E., Rowghani Haghighi Fard E., Navabi M., Eatemadi M. Evaluating the effect of two types of thyme essential oils (Zataria multiflora and Ziziphora clinopodioides lam) on some productive traits and blood parameters in broilers. Poultry Sci J. 2021;9(1):107-19.
- Nasrollahi I., Talebi E., Nemati Z. Study on Silybum marianum seed through fatty acids comparison, peroxide tests, refractive index and oil percentage. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2016;8(6).
- Salehi B., Quispe C., Imran M., Ul-Haq I., Živković J., Abu-Reidah I.M., Sen S., Taheri Y., Acharya K., Azadi H., del Mar Contreras M. Nigella Plants – traditional uses, bioactive phytoconstituents, preclinical and clinical studies. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;12:1-26.
- Dalli M., Bekkouch O., Azizi S.E., Azghar A., Gseyra N., Kim B. Nigella sativa L. phytochemistry and pharmacological activities: A Review (2019–2021). Biomolecules. 2022;12(1):20.
- Heshmati J., Namazi N. Effects of black seed (Nigella sativa) on metabolic parameters in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2015;23(2):275-82.
- Mohit M., Farrokhzad A., Faraji S.N., Heidarzadeh-Esfahani N., Kafeshani M. Effect of Nigella sativa L. supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress indicators: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Med. 2020;54:102535.
- A Alzahrani H., A Bakhotmah B., Boukraâ L. In Vitro susceptibility of diabetic wound bacteria to mixtures of honey, Commiphora molmol and Nigella sativa. The Open Nutraceuticals J. 2011;4(1).
- Mohamad S., Ibrahim N.H., Yusof H. Blood pressure and lipid lowering effects of Nigella sativa seeds and honey mixture. Journal of Nursing and Health Science. 2014;3(1):89-96.
- Abdallah M., Ali M., Kelany M. Antioxidant and antiapoptic effects of combined Sidr honey and Nigella sativa oil against paracetamol-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity in rats. Zagazig University Medical Journal. 2016;22(1):1-12.
- Mohamed J., Nazratun Nafizah A.H., Zariyantey A.H., Budin S.B. Mechanisms of diabetes-induced liver damage: The role of oxidative stress and inflammation. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2016;16(2):e132-41.
|
