| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,073 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,300 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,098,715 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,006,409 |
تأثیر شکل خوراک و غلظت مواد مغذی بر وزن بدن، ریخت‌شناسی روده و ضخامت ماهیچه سنگدان نیمچه‌های مادر گوشتی | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| دوره 37، شماره 144، آذر 1403، صفحه 121-132 اصل مقاله (1.77 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2024.362318.2314 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| انور آموزمهر1؛ بهروز دستار* 2؛ امید عشایری زاده3؛ رضا میرشکار4؛ رضا عبدالهی5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران. | ||
| 4استادیار، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران. | ||
| 5استادیار دانشگاه مسی نیوزلند. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای انجام این آزمایش تعداد 450 قطعه نیمچه مادر گوشتی(راس 308)، با 6 تیمار و 5 تکرار و 15 پرنده در هر تکرار در 30 واحد آزمایشی توزیع شدند. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل 2 × 3 در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 3 شکل خوراک (آردی، کرامبل و پلت) و 2 سطح غلظت مواد مغذی (جیره استاندارد و جیره رقیق‌شده به مقدار 90% استاندارد) در دوره رشد (7 تا 19 هفتگی) و دوره پیش‌تولید (19 هفتگی تا شوک نوری) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد در دوره رشد شکل خوراک در جیره رقیق‌شده تأثیری بر وزن نیمچه‌ها نداشت. در حالیکه استفاده از خوراک پلت در مقایسه با خوراک آردی در جیره استاندارد سبب افزایش معنی‌دار وزن بدن شد (05/0 P <). در دوره پیش‌تولید استفاده از خوراک‌های پلت و کرامبل در مقایسه با خوراک آردی سبب افزایش معنی‌دار وزن بدن و رقیق‌سازی جیره سبب کاهش معنی‌دار وزن بدن نیمچه‌های مادر شد (05/0 P <). شکل خوراک و غلظت مواد مغذی تأثیر معنی‌دار بر ریخت‌شناسی پرزهای ژژنوم نداشتند (05/0 P >). استفاده از خوراک پلت در مقایسه با خوراک آردی سبب افزایش ضخامت بخش کرانیودورسال ضخیم ماهیچه‌های پشتی سنگدان نیمچه‌ها شد (05/0 P <). بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش، استفاده از جیره پلت یا کرامبل حاوی سطوح مواد مغذی توصیه شده کنترل وزن در گله‌های مادر گوشتی را به دلیل افزایش وزن بیشتر می‌تواند با مشکل مواجه کند ولی رقیق‌سازی جیره به مقدار 90 درصد مقدار مواد مغذی توصیه شده تا حدود زیادی در کنترل وزن موثر است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مرغ مادر گوشتی؛ شکل خوراک؛ جیره رقیق‌شده؛ عملکرد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of feed form and nutrient density on body weight, intestinal morphology and gizzard muscle thickness in broiler breeder pullets | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| anvar amouzmehr1؛ Behrouz Dastar2؛ Omid Ashayerizadeh3؛ Reza Mirshekar4؛ reza Abdollahi5 | ||
| 1Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resource | ||
| 2Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources | ||
| 3Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Basij Square, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran | ||
| 4Gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources | ||
| 5Monogastric Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, New Zealand. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A total of 450 Ross 308 female broiler breeder pullets were distributed into 30 experimental units with 6 treatments and 5 replicates with 15 birds per each. The experiment was performed in a a completely randomized design with a factorial 2 × 3 arrangement consisted of 3 feed forms (mash, crumble, and pellet) and 2 levels of nutrient density (standard diet and diluted diet to 90% standard) in the grower and pre-breeder periods. The results showed that feed form in the diluted diet had no significant effect on the weight of broiler breeder pullets during the grower period, while the use of pellet feed compared to mash feed in the standard diet caused a significant increase in body weight (P< 0.05). Pellet and crumble feeds compared to mash feed in the pre-production period caused a significant increase in body weight and diet dilution caused a significant decrease in the body weight of broiler breeder pullets (P<0.05). Neither feed form nor nutrient density significantly affected jejunum villi morphology (P> 0.05). The use of pellet feed compared to mash feed caused an increase in the thickness of the gizzard dorsal muscles (P< 0.05). Based on the results of this experiment, the use of pellet or crumble diets containing nutrients recommended levels can cause problems in weight control in broiler breeder pullets due to increased weight, but diluting the diet to 90% of the nutrients recommendation are effective to a large extent in controlling body weight. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Broiler breeder pullets, feed form, diluted diet, performance | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abadi, M.H.M.G. Moravej, H. Shivazad, M. Torshizi, M.A.K. Kim, W.K. 2019. Effects of feed form and particle size, and pellet binder on performance, digestive tract parameters, intestinal morphology, and cecal microflora populations in broilers. Poult. Sci. 98, 1432–1440. Abdollahi, M.R. Zaefarian, F. Hunt, H, Anwar, M. 2019. Wheat particle size, insoluble fibre sources and whole wheat feeding influence gizzard musculature and nutrient utilisation to different extents in broiler chickens. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 103, 146-161. Abdollahi, M.R. Ravindran, V. Svihus, B. 2014. Influence of feed form on growth performance, ileal nutrient digestibility, and energy utilisation in broiler starters fed a sorghum-based diet. Livest. Sci. 65, 80–86. Abdollahi, M.R. Ravindran, V. Svihus, B. 2013. Pelleting of broiler diets: An overview with emphasis on pellet quality and nutritional value. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 179, 1–23. Ahmed, M. Amerah, R. Lentle, G. and Ravindran, V. 2007. Influence of feed form on gizzard morphology and particle size spectra of duodenal digesta in broiler chickens. J. Poult. Sci. 44: 175-181. Amornthewaphat, N. Lerdsuwan, S. Attamangkune, S. 2005. Effect of extrusion of corn and feed form on feed quality and growth performance of poultry in a tropical environment. Poult. Sci. 84, 1640–1647. Aviagen. 2016. Ross 308 Parent Stock Management Handbook: Performance objectives. Aviagen, Ltd, Huntsville, Alabama, USA. Chewning, C.J. Stark, C.R. Brake, J. 2012. Effects of particle size and feed form on broiler performance. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 21, 830–837. De Jong, I.C. van Voorst, S. Blokhuis, H.J. 2003. Parameters for quantification of hunger in broiler breeders. Physiol. Behav. 78, 773–783. Duke, G.E. 1992. Recent studies on regulation of gastric motility in turkeys. Poult. Sci. 71, 1-8. Ege, G. Bozkurt, M. Koçer, B. Tüzün, A.E. Uygun, M. Alkan, G. 2019. Influence of feed particle size and feed form on productive performance, egg quality, gastrointestinal tract traits, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens reared in enriched cages. Poult. Sci. 98, 3787-3801. Engberg, R.M. Hedemann, M.S. Jensen, B.B. 2002. The influence of grinding and pelleting of feed on the microbial composition and activity in the digestive tract of broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 43, 569-579. Enting, H. Kruip, T.A.M. Verstegen, M.W. A. Van Der Aar, P.J. 2007a. The effect of low-density diets on broiler breeder performance during the laying period and on embryonic development of their offspring. Poult. Sci. 86, 850-856... Enting, H. Veldman, A. Verstegen, M.W. Van Der Aar, P.J. 2007b. The effect of low-density diets on broiler breeder development and nutrient digestibility during the rearing period. Poult. Sci. 86, 720-726. Ghazi, A.M.Z. Gameel, A. Al-Maktari, M.A. 2012. A comparative effect of mash and pellet feed on broiler performance and ascites at high altitude (field study). Glob. Vet. 9, 154–159. Guzman, P. Saldana, B. Mandalawi, H. Perez-Bonilla, A. Mateos, G.G. 2015. Productive performance of brown-egg laying pullets from hatching to 5 weeks of age as affected by fiber inclusion, feed form, and energy concentration of the diet. Poult. Sci. 94, 249–261. Hocking, P.M. Bernard, R. Wilkie, R.S. Goddard, C. 1994. Plasma growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations at the onset of lay in ad libitum and restricted broiler breeder fowl. Br. Poult. Sci. 35, 299–308. Hosseini, S.M. Chamani, M. Mousavi, S.N. Hosseini, S.A. and Sadeghi, A.A. 2017. Effects of dietary physical form and dietary inclusion of probiotic and enzyme on growth performance, cellular and humoral immunity, and relative weights of lymphoid organs at early period of broiler chickens fed triticale-based diets. South Afric. J. Anim. Sci. 47, 776-784. Idan, F. Paulk, G. Pokoo-Aikins, A. and Stark, C. 2023. Growth performance, intestinal morphometry, and blood serum parameters of broiler chickens fed diets containing increasing levels of wheat bran with or without exogenous multi-enzyme supplementation during the grower and finisher phases. Lives. Sci. 275, 105296. Iji, P. A., Hughes, R. J., Choct, M., and Tivey, D. R. 2001. Intestinal structure and function of broiler chickens on wheat-based diets supplemented with a microbial enzyme. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14, 54-60. Jim´enez-Moreno, E. J. M. Gonz´alez-Alvarado, A. Gonz´alez-Serrano, R. L´azaro, and G. G. Mateos. 2009. Effect of dietary fiber and fat on performance and digestive traits of broilers from one to twenty-one days of age. Poult. Sci. 88, 2562–2574. Massuquetto, A. Panisson, J.C. Schramm, V.G. Surek, D. Krabbe, E.L. Maiorka, A. 2020 Effects of feed form and energy levels on growth performance, carcass yield and nutrient digestibility in broilers. Animals. 14, 1139–1146. Perez, V. Jacobs, C. Barnes, J. Jenkins, M. Kuhlenschmidt, M. S. Fahey Jr, G. Parsons, C. M. & Pettigrew, J. 2011. Effect of corn distillers dried grains with solubles and Eimeria acervulina infection on growth performance and the intestinal microbiota of young chicks. Poult. Sci. 90, 958-964. Rezaei, M. Torshizi, M.A.K. Wall, H. Ivarsson, E.2018. Body growth, intestinal morphology and microflora of quail on diets supplemented with micronised wheat fibre. Br. Poult. Sci. 59, 422–429. SAS (Statistical Analyses System). 2013. SAS User’s Guide: Statistics Release 9.4. Cary, NC. SAS Institute Incorporation. Sklan, D. Smirnov, A. Plavnik, I. 2003. The effect of dietary fiber on the small intestines and apparent di-gestion in the turkey. Br. Poult. Sci. 44, 735–740. Svihus, B. 2011 The gizzard: function, influence of diet structure and effects on nutrient availability. World Poul. Sci. J. 67, 207-224 Svihus, B. Juvik, E. Hetland, H. Krogdahl, A. 2004. Causes for improvementin nutritive value of broiler chicken diets with whole wheat instead of ground wheat. Br. Poult. Sci. 45, 55–60. Tejeda, O.J. Kim, W.K. 2020. The effects of cellulose and soybean hulls as sources of dietary fiber on the growth performance, organ growth, gut histomorphology, and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 99, 6828–6836. Wan, Y. Ma, R. Khalid, A. Chai, L. Qi, R. Liu, W. Zhan, K. 2021. Effect of the pellet and mash feed forms on the productive performance, egg quality, nutrient metabolism, and intestinal morphology of two laying hen breeds. Animals. 11, 701. Whittaker, X. Spoolder, H.A.M. Edwards, S.A. Lawrence, A.B. Corning, S. 1998. The influence of dietary fibre and the provision of straw on the development of stereotypic behavior in food restricted pregnant sows. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 61, 89–102. Yokhana, J. S. Parkinson, G. Frankel, T.L. 2016. Effect of insoluble fiber supplementation applied at different ages on digestive organ weight and digestive enzymes of layer‐strain poultry. Poult. Sci. 95, 550–559. Zaefarian, F. Abdollahi, M.R. Ravindran, V. 2016. Particle size and feed form in broiler diets: Impact on gastrointestinal tract development and gut health. World Poult. Sci. J. 72, 277–290. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 658 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 167 |
||